docs(docs): update README, CHANGELOG, ROADMAP, Taskfile for v0.3.0

Document glint render, --no-warn, exit codes 2/10, --no-skipped, and
colorized output. Fix Taskfile validate entries: fixtures that now exit
10 (warnings only) require ignore_error: true to pass the validate task.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.gitea/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+name: ci
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '**'
+  pull_request:
+
+jobs:
+  ci:
+    name: vet, staticcheck, test, build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: golang:1.26-alpine
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Install tools
+        run: apk add --no-cache git
+
+      - name: Checkout
+        env:
+          TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          SERVER_URL: ${{ github.server_url }}
+          REPO: ${{ github.repository }}
+          REF: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+        run: |
+          git clone --depth 1 --branch "$REF" \
+            "$(echo "$SERVER_URL" | sed "s|https://|https://oauth2:${TOKEN}@|")/${REPO}.git" .
+
+      - name: vet
+        run: go vet ./...
+
+      - name: staticcheck
+        run: go tool staticcheck ./...
+
+      - name: test
+        run: go test ./...
+
+      - name: build
+        run: go build ./cmd/glint/...

.gitignore

@@ -33,6 +33,11 @@ coverage.txt
 *.swo
 *~
 
+# VS Code extension build artifacts
+editors/vscode/node_modules/
+editors/vscode/out/
+editors/vscode/*.vsix
+
 # OS
 .DS_Store
 Thumbs.db

.glint.yml.example

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# .glint.yml — glint project configuration
+#
+# Place this file anywhere between your .gitlab-ci.yml and the repository root.
+# glint searches upward from the pipeline file and stops at the first .git
+# boundary, so the repo root is the typical location.
+#
+# All keys are optional. Omit or comment out anything you don't need.
+
+# ── Rule suppression ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# Suppress rules globally for this project. Suppressed rules produce no output
+# and do not affect the exit code.
+#
+ignore:
+  - GL007   # only:/except: used (migrating from legacy syntax)
+  - GL032   # rules:if: references undeclared variable (injected at runtime)
+
+# ── Severity overrides ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# Override the default severity of any rule.
+# Valid values: error | warning | ignore
+# "ignore" is equivalent to listing the rule in `ignore:` above.
+#
+severity:
+  GL004: warning   # demote "unknown stage" to warning during a stage migration
+  GL035: error     # promote absolute-path warning to a hard error
+  GL007: ignore    # equivalent to adding GL007 to ignore:
+
+# ── Extra stage names ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# Declare stage names that are valid for this project beyond what is listed in
+# the pipeline's own `stages:` block. Jobs referencing these stages will not
+# be flagged by GL004. Useful when stages are defined in a shared parent
+# template that glint cannot reach.
+#
+stages:
+  - quality
+  - security
+  - compliance
+
+# ── GitLab token ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# Default personal access token (read_api scope) used to fetch `include:
+# project:` templates. This is the lowest-priority token source; it is
+# overridden by the --token flag and the GITLAB_TOKEN / CI_JOB_TOKEN /
+# GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN environment variables.
+#
+# Avoid committing real tokens — use environment variables instead.
+#
+# token: glpat-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+
+# ── GitLab instance URL ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# Default GitLab instance URL, used when fetching project: and component:
+# includes. Overridden by --gitlab-url, CI_SERVER_URL, and GITLAB_URL.
+#
+# url: https://gitlab.example.com
+
+# ── Include cache directory ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# Default directory for caching fetched remote includes (project: and
+# component:). The directory is created on first use. Overridden by
+# --cache-dir. When --offline is given without --cache-dir, glint defaults
+# to ~/.cache/glint regardless of this setting.
+#
+# cache_dir: ~/.cache/glint

.pre-commit-hooks.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+- id: glint
+  name: glint — validate GitLab CI pipeline
+  description: >-
+    Lint .gitlab-ci.yml with glint before committing. Catches misconfigured
+    stages, invalid keywords, broken needs: graphs, deprecated patterns, and
+    more — without a GitLab server.
+  entry: glint check
+  language: golang
+  files: '(^|/)\.gitlab-ci\.yml$'
+  pass_filenames: true
+  minimum_pre_commit_version: '3.0.0'

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,10 +5,278 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/).
 This project uses [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org).
 
-## [Unreleased]
+## [0.3.0] - 2026-06-26
 
 ### Added
 
+- **`glint render` subcommand** — resolves all `include:` and `extends:` chains and writes the fully flattened pipeline to a single YAML file (default: `rendered.gitlab-ci.yml`; use `--output -` for stdout). Strips the consumed `include:` and `extends:` keys; retains template jobs (`.name`). Accepts the same network flags as `glint check` (`--token`, `--gitlab-url`, `--cache-dir`, `--offline`, `--proxy`). Useful for inspecting what GitLab CI actually sees or running further local tooling.
+
+- **`glint check --no-warn`** — discard all warning findings before output and exit-code calculation. Mixed pipelines (errors + warnings) still exit 2 but only errors are printed. Warnings-only pipelines report "OK" and exit 0.
+
+- **`glint graph --no-skipped`** — remove jobs that evaluate to `skipped` in the given context (or the implicit `branch=main` default) from all graph output: tree, SVG, HTML, and Mermaid.
+
+- **Colorized, columnized text output** — `glint check` (text format) now renders findings in four aligned columns: location, rule ID, severity, message. `error` is printed in bold red; `warning` in bold orange. Colors are auto-detected (stdout must be a terminal) and suppressed when `NO_COLOR` is set. Location uses `file:line:col` format when column information is available.
+
+- **`line:col` locations** — `Column int` added to `model.Job` (set from the YAML parser's `yaml.Node.Column`) and propagated to `Finding.Column` across all linter rules. Plain-text and `Finding.String()` now emit `file:line:col` when column is known.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **Exit codes** *(breaking)* — `glint check` now exits `2` when one or more error findings are present (previously `1`) and `10` when findings contain only warnings. Exit `0` remains for a clean pipeline. Errors take precedence over warnings. Scripts that test `[ $? -eq 1 ]` need to be updated to `[ $? -eq 2 ]`.
+
+## [0.2.31] - 2026-06-26
+
+### Added
+
+- **Proxy support** — `--proxy <URL>` flag on `glint check`, `glint graph`, and `glint lsp`; also configurable via `proxy:` in `.glint.yml`. When set it takes precedence over `HTTP_PROXY` / `HTTPS_PROXY` env vars; when unset, system proxy settings are honoured automatically. Covers all remote include fetches and GitLab API calls.
+
+- **GL045: HTTP remote include warning** — new pipeline-level lint rule that warns when `include: remote:` uses a plain `http://` URL. CI templates fetched over unencrypted HTTP are at risk of in-transit tampering; `https://` is always preferred.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **Path traversal in local includes** — `include: local:` paths containing `../` sequences that would escape the repository root (e.g. `../../etc/passwd`) are now rejected with a warning instead of reading arbitrary files from the host.
+
+- **HTTP timeout on remote fetches** — all HTTP calls in `internal/fetcher` now use a 30-second timeout; previously the client had no timeout and could hang indefinitely on slow or unresponsive servers.
+
+- **Unbounded response size** — remote include and GitLab API responses are now capped at 10 MiB using `io.LimitReader`; previously an arbitrarily large response could exhaust process memory.
+
+- **Cache file permissions** — the cache directory is created with mode `0700` (was `0755`) and cache files with `0600` (was `0644`), preventing other local users from reading cached GitLab tokens or pipeline content.
+
+- **LSP Content-Length DoS** — `glint lsp` now rejects incoming messages whose `Content-Length` header exceeds 64 MiB, preventing memory exhaustion from a malicious or misbehaving LSP client.
+
+## [0.2.30] - 2026-06-26
+
+### Added
+
+- **VS Code extension** (`editors/vscode/`) — TypeScript extension that starts `glint lsp` as a language server and connects to it via `vscode-languageclient`. Activates on YAML files; the `documentSelector` restricts LSP processing to `**/.gitlab-ci.yml` so other YAML files are unaffected. Inline error/warning squiggles appear on every save or edit. The `glint.executablePath` setting controls the binary path (default: `glint` on `PATH`). Build: `task ext-compile`; package as `.vsix`: `task ext-package`.
+
+## [0.2.29] - 2026-06-26
+
+### Added
+
+- **LSP server** (`glint lsp`) — new `internal/lsp` package and `glint lsp` subcommand that starts a Language Server Protocol server over stdin/stdout using Content-Length–framed JSON-RPC 2.0. Editors (VS Code, Neovim, Emacs, JetBrains, etc.) can connect with any generic LSP client configuration. Supported methods: `initialize`, `initialized`, `shutdown`, `exit`, `textDocument/didOpen`, `textDocument/didChange`, `textDocument/didSave`, `textDocument/didClose`. On every document open or change the server runs the full glint lint pipeline and publishes diagnostics via `textDocument/publishDiagnostics`; each diagnostic carries the rule ID as its `code` field and `"glint"` as `source`. Parse errors are surfaced as an Error diagnostic at the top of the document. Include resolution is best-effort (uses `GITLAB_TOKEN` / `GITLAB_URL` env vars; default cache dir `~/.cache/glint`). CLI flags: `--token`, `--gitlab-url`, `--cache-dir`, `--offline`.
+
+## [0.2.28] - 2026-06-26
+
+### Added
+
+- **Pre-commit hook** — `.pre-commit-hooks.yaml` defines a `glint` hook with `language: golang`; pre-commit builds glint from source automatically on first run and re-runs `glint check` on any staged `.gitlab-ci.yml` changes. Reference: `repo: https://git.k3nny.fr/k3nny/glint, rev: v0.2.28`.
+
+- **GitLab CI component** (`templates/check.yml`) — a GitLab CI/CD Catalog–compatible component that downloads the glint Linux binary and runs `glint check` as a pipeline job. Accepts inputs: `stage` (default `validate`), `pipeline_file` (default `.gitlab-ci.yml`), `version` (default `latest`), `allow_failure` (default `false`), and `extra_args`. Can also be used as a plain local or remote include without the Catalog.
+
+- **GitHub Actions composite action** (`action.yml`) — downloads the glint Linux binary into `$RUNNER_TEMP`, adds it to `$GITHUB_PATH`, and runs `glint check`. Inputs: `version`, `file`, `args`. Mirror this repository to GitHub as `k3nny/glint` to reference it as `uses: k3nny/glint@v0.2.28`.
+
+## [0.2.27] - 2026-06-25
+
+### Added
+
+- **Fuzz testing** — `FuzzParseBytes` and `FuzzSanitizeYAMLEscapes` in `internal/model/fuzz_test.go` verify that neither the YAML parser nor the escape sanitizer panics on arbitrary input. Successful parses are also checked for structural integrity (non-nil pipeline, no empty job names). Run with `task fuzz` (default 30 s per target; set `FUZZ_TIME=60s` to extend). Found failures are saved to `testdata/fuzz/` for regression.
+
+- **Changelog automation** — `cliff.toml` configures [git-cliff](https://git-cliff.org) to generate Keep-a-Changelog–compatible release notes from Conventional Commits. `task changelog` regenerates `CHANGELOG.md` from the full git history; `task changelog-next` previews only unreleased commits without writing. Install git-cliff with `brew install git-cliff` or `cargo install git-cliff`.
+
+## [0.2.26] - 2026-06-25
+
+### Changed
+
+- **Same-stage job ordering** — when jobs within the same declared GitLab stage have `needs:` relationships between each other, the pipeline graph now splits that stage into topological sub-columns: jobs with no same-stage dependencies occupy the leftmost sub-column; jobs that depend on them are placed one sub-column to the right. Sub-columns use a narrower 20 px gap (vs. the 50 px gap between stages), and the stage header spans all sub-columns. Stages with no intra-stage `needs:` are unaffected.
+
+- **Graph links rendered behind job chips** — SVG connector lines (Bézier curves in DAG mode, bus-bar stubs in classic mode) are now drawn before the job chip rectangles, so connector lines pass behind chips rather than on top of them.
+
+## [0.2.25] - 2026-06-25
+
+### Added
+
+- **`when: on_failure` visual distinction** — SVG and HTML pipeline graphs now render failure-path jobs with a red status circle (`#d9534f`), an X-mark icon, and a dashed chip border. A new `on_failure` legend entry and Mermaid `classDef` entry are included.
+
+- **Job tooltip / detail panel** — every job chip in SVG and HTML output is wrapped in a `<g data-job="…"><title>…</title><desc>…</desc>` group. SVG viewers that support `<title>` show the job name on hover; `<desc>` carries `stage`, `when`, `image`, and `needs` details. In HTML output the sidebar reads these directly from the DOM.
+
+- **Multi-job connector accuracy** — classic mode (no `needs:`) now uses a bus-bar connector: horizontal stubs from every job in stage N to a vertical rail at the midpoint, then stubs from the rail to every job in stage N+1. The previous single center-to-center line left top and bottom jobs visually disconnected.
+
+- **Skipped / blocked state colouring** — `glint graph pipeline` now accepts the same context flags as `glint check` (`--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, `--var`, `--changes`, `--changes-from`). Jobs that evaluate to `JobSkipped` in the given context are rendered with a grey circle (`#868686`) and dimmed job name. When no context flags are given, all jobs render with their normal colours.
+
+- **Interactive HTML output** (`--format html`) — `glint graph pipeline --format html` writes a self-contained `.html` file to `--out`. The page embeds the SVG inline with mouse-wheel zoom (centred on cursor), drag-to-pan, double-click-to-reset, and a collapsible sidebar showing job details on chip click. No external dependencies; works offline.
+
+- **Mermaid pipeline output** (`--format mermaid`) — `glint graph pipeline --format mermaid` prints the existing Mermaid flowchart (`pipeline.go`) to stdout. Suitable for pasting into [mermaid.live](https://mermaid.live) or embedding in Markdown documentation.
+
+- **`imageString` helper** — internal utility that extracts the image name from a `Job.Image` field that may be a plain string or a map (`image: {name: ..., entrypoint: ...}`); used by the tooltip desc builder.
+
+## [0.2.24] - 2026-06-25
+
+### Added
+
+- **`rules:needs:` validation (GL044)** — validates jobs listed in `rules:needs:` overrides (GitLab CI 16.4+). Each entry must reference a job that exists in the pipeline; `optional: true` entries that reference missing jobs are downgraded to warnings (same behaviour as GL027 for top-level `needs:`). Cross-pipeline needs (maps with a `pipeline:` key) are ignored. Skipped jobs are excluded when a context is provided. `glint explain GL044` documents the rule with a bad-YAML example and fix.
+
+- **`Rule.Needs` model field** — `rules:` entries now parse their `needs:` key into `model.Rule.Needs []any`, making the per-rule needs list available for validation and future evaluation.
+
+## [0.2.23] - 2026-06-25
+
+### Added
+
+- **Context-scoped linting** — when a context is supplied via `--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, or `--var`, `glint check` now evaluates every job against that context before running lint rules. Jobs that are statically unreachable in the given context (i.e. their `rules:` block resolves to `JobSkipped`) are excluded from `needs:` and `dependencies:` cross-job checks (GL027–GL031). This eliminates false-positive errors for jobs that are intentionally gated to specific pipeline events (e.g. a deploy job with `rules: [{if: '$CI_COMMIT_TAG != ""'}]` does not generate a GL027 error on branch pipelines). Filtering applies only in single-context mode; multi-context mode (`--context`) always checks all jobs.
+
+## [0.2.22] - 2026-06-25
+
+### Added
+
+- **Multi-context simulation** — `glint check` now accepts a repeatable `--context KEY=VALUE[,...]` flag. Each `--context` invocation defines one simulation context; when two or more are given, glint evaluates every pipeline job across all contexts and prints a side-by-side comparison table with `active`, `manual`, `skipped`, or `blocked` (when `workflow:rules:` would prevent the pipeline from starting) per column. Known context keys are `branch`, `tag`, and `source` (case-insensitive); any other `KEY=VALUE` pair is treated as a CI variable override. The `--changes` / `--changes-from` flags work alongside `--context` and the changed-file list is shared across all contexts. Implicit `--branch main --source push` defaults are skipped when `--context` is given.
+
+## [0.2.21] - 2026-06-21
+
+### Added
+
+- **`rules:changes:` evaluation** — `glint check` and `glint graph` now evaluate `rules:changes:` conditions when file-change data is provided. Two new flags on both subcommands:
+  - `--changes <PATH>` — mark one or more file paths as changed (repeatable).
+  - `--changes-from <REF>` — run `git diff --name-only <REF>` to determine changed files automatically (e.g. `--changes-from origin/main`).
+  Both flags can be combined. Glob patterns in `rules:changes:` support `*` (within a path segment) and `**` (across segments). When neither flag is given the condition is treated as always matching (permissive), preserving the existing behaviour. The extended map form `{ paths: [...], compare_to: ... }` is also supported.
+
+- **`workflow:rules:changes:` evaluation** — `workflow:rules:` entries now also evaluate `changes:` patterns when changed-file data is available, consistent with job rules.
+
+- **Context summary includes changed files** — the `Context:` line printed by `glint check --format text` now shows the count of changed files when `--changes`/`--changes-from` is given (e.g. `branch=main, source=push, 3 changed file(s)`).
+
+- **Unit test suite** — 100% statement coverage across all packages (`cmd/glint`, `internal/cicontext`, `internal/fetcher`, `internal/graph`, `internal/linter`, `internal/model`, `internal/resolver`).
+
+### Changed
+
+- **Internal:** replaced all `os.Exit` calls in `cmd/glint` with an `exit` variable to enable unit testing without process termination; no behaviour change.
+- **Internal:** removed unreachable code paths found during coverage analysis — dead guard in `cicontext.parseRegexLiteral`, unreachable `len(jobs) == 0` branch in `graph.Pipeline`, and the `skipWin` struct field / dead `continue` in `graph.convertToPNG`; `pipelineSVG` return type simplified from `(string, error)` to `string` as it never returned a non-nil error. No behaviour change.
+
+## [0.2.20] - 2026-06-14
+
+### Added
+
+- **`glint explain <RULE>`** — new subcommand that prints the description, rationale, a bad-YAML example, and the corrected fix for any rule ID (GL001–GL043). `glint explain` with no argument lists all rules with ID, severity, and title. Rule IDs are case-insensitive (`gl007` and `GL007` are equivalent).
+
+- **`rules:if:` evaluated reachability (GL042)** — warns when every `rules:if:` condition in a job evaluates to false using the values of variables declared in the pipeline YAML, meaning the job can never be included in a pipeline run. The check is conservative: it only fires when all variables referenced in the `if:` expressions are explicitly declared in the YAML; predefined `CI_*` / `GITLAB_*` variables and undeclared variables are treated as unknown (may have any runtime value) to avoid false positives.
+
+- **`inherit:` completeness (GL043)** — warns when a job declares `inherit: default:` (boolean or list form) but the pipeline has no `default:` block, making the declaration a no-op. Also warns when the list form names fields (e.g. `[image, before_script]`) that are not actually set in the `default:` block — those list entries have no effect.
+
+- **`FEATURES.md`** — full feature reference extracted from the README: all 43 lint rules in categorised tables, include resolution capabilities, context simulation details, output format schemas, configuration reference, graph visualisation modes, and developer tools. The README `## Features` section replaced with a compact 6-line `## What it does` summary with a link to `FEATURES.md`.
+
+- **`USAGE.md`** — complete command-by-command usage reference extracted from the README: `glint check` with all output formats and examples, context simulation flags and predefined variable table, remote includes and token resolution, cache and offline mode, component reference format, `glint graph` modes, `glint explain` usage, project config (`.glint.yml`), and inline suppression. The README `## Usage` section replaced with the commands block and a single link to `USAGE.md`.
+
+## [0.2.19] - 2026-06-14
+
+### Added
+
+- **`.glint.yml` project config file** — glint now searches for a `.glint.yml` file starting from the pipeline file's directory and walking up to the first `.git` boundary. Supported keys:
+  - `ignore: [GL007, GL032]` — suppress rules globally for the project.
+  - `severity: {GL004: warning}` — override rule severity (`error`, `warning`, or `ignore`). `ignore` is equivalent to listing the rule in `ignore:`.
+  - `stages: [quality]` — declare extra stage names that are valid beyond those in the pipeline's own `stages:` block; jobs in these stages are not flagged by GL004.
+  - `token: glpat-xxx` — default GitLab personal access token (lower priority than the `--token` flag and `GITLAB_TOKEN` env var).
+  - `url: https://gitlab.example.com` — default GitLab instance URL.
+  - `cache_dir: ~/.cache/glint` — default cache directory for fetched remote includes.
+
+- **Inline suppression comments** — a `# glint: ignore RULE` comment placed immediately before a job definition suppresses that rule for the specific job. Multiple rules can be comma- or space-separated (`# glint: ignore GL007, GL032`). Use `# glint: ignore all` to suppress every finding for the job. Suppressions are scoped to the annotated job; pipeline-level findings are unaffected.
+
+## [0.2.18] - 2026-06-14
+
+### Added
+
+- **`--format json`** — `glint check` can now emit a structured JSON report instead of plain text. The schema (version `1`) includes `glint_version`, `pipeline`, a `findings` array (each finding has `rule`, `severity`, `file`, `line`, `job`, `message`), and a `summary` block (`total`, `errors`, `warnings`). An empty findings array is `[]`, not `null`. In this mode the human-readable summary line is written to stderr so stdout contains only the JSON payload.
+
+- **`--format sarif`** — emits a SARIF 2.1.0 JSON document (schema `https://json.schemastore.org/sarif-2.1.0.json`). The `runs[0].tool.driver` lists every unique rule ID found in findings; each `result` carries `ruleId`, `level` (`error`/`warning`), `message.text` (including the job name prefix), and `locations[0].physicalLocation` with `artifactLocation.uri` and `region.startLine` (when available). Pipeline-level findings without a file have no `locations` entry. This format is consumed natively by GitHub Code Scanning and GitLab SAST.
+
+- **`--format junit`** — emits a JUnit XML document compatible with CI test-report artifact parsers (GitLab: `artifacts:reports:junit`; GitHub: upload-artifact + test-reporter). Each finding becomes a `<testcase>` with a `<failure>` child whose `message` and `type` attributes carry the finding details. A clean pipeline produces a single passing `<testcase>` with no `<failure>` element.
+
+- **`--format github`** — emits GitHub Actions workflow-command annotation lines (`::error file=…,line=…,title=RULE::message` / `::warning …`). GitHub CI renders these as inline comments on the relevant file in pull requests. Pipeline-level findings without a file omit the `file=` parameter.
+
+- **Format validation** — an unknown `--format` value exits with code 2 and a helpful error message listing the valid formats.
+
+## [0.2.17] - 2026-06-14
+
+### Added
+
+- **Recursive include depth limit** — `resolveIncludes` now accepts a `depth` counter and returns a warning when the nesting depth exceeds 100 (matching GitLab's documented limit). This guards against pathologically deep include chains.
+
+- **Cycle detection for project and component includes** — `project:` and `component:` includes were not previously tracked in the `visited` map (only `local:` and `remote:` were). They are now registered before recursing into their sub-includes, preventing cross-file include cycles from causing infinite loops.
+
+- **`include: inputs:` substitution** — when a `component:` include entry has a `with:` block, all `$[[ inputs.KEY ]]` and `$[[ inputs.KEY | default('…') ]]` placeholders in the fetched template YAML are substituted with the corresponding values before parsing. Supported default value forms: `'single quoted'`, `"double quoted"`, bare booleans (`true`/`false`), and bare integers. Missing keys without a default become empty strings. This replaces the previous behaviour of leaving `$[[…]]` tokens in the YAML, which caused false-positive lint findings.
+
+- **Include cache (`--cache-dir`)** — pass `--cache-dir DIR` to `glint check` or `glint graph` to persist fetched remote templates (both `project:` and `component:` includes and `remote:` URLs) to a local directory. Cache entries are keyed by the SHA-256 of the full request coordinates (base URL + project + path + ref). The directory is created automatically on first use.
+
+- **Offline mode (`--offline`)** — pass `--offline` to skip all network calls. Remote includes not present in the cache are surfaced as warnings (same UX as "no token"). When `--offline` is set without an explicit `--cache-dir`, the default platform cache directory (`$XDG_CACHE_HOME/glint` or `~/.cache/glint`) is used automatically.
+
+## [0.2.16] - 2026-06-14
+
+### Added
+
+- **`services:` validation (GL034)** — the map form of a service entry requires a `name` key; emits an `ERROR` when absent. The optional `alias` field must be a valid DNS label (letters, digits, hyphens, and dots; must start and end with an alphanumeric character); invalid aliases emit an `ERROR`.
+
+- **`rules:changes` / `rules:exists` absolute path detection (GL035)** — emits a `WARNING` when a path in `rules:changes:` or `rules:exists:` starts with `/`. GitLab CI evaluates these paths relative to the repository root, so absolute paths can never match. Applies to both the list form and the `{paths: …}` map form.
+
+- **`timeout:` format validation (GL036)** — emits an `ERROR` when a job's `timeout:` (or the pipeline-level `default.timeout:`) is not a valid GitLab CI duration string. Valid formats: `30m`, `1h 30m`, `90 minutes`, `2 hours 30 minutes`, `1 day`, etc.
+
+- **`id_tokens:` `aud` validation (GL037)** — emits an `ERROR` for each OIDC token entry in `id_tokens:` that is missing the required `aud` key. GitLab returns an API error at pipeline start when `aud` is absent.
+
+- **`secrets:` provider validation (GL038)** — emits an `ERROR` for each secret entry in `secrets:` that does not declare a provider key (`vault`, `gcp_secret_manager`, or `azure_key_vault`).
+
+- **`pages:` keyword + `artifacts.paths` consistency (GL039)** — emits a `WARNING` when a job uses the `pages:` keyword but `artifacts.paths` does not include the publish directory (default `public`, or the value of `pages.publish`). GitLab Pages will not deploy unless the publish directory is listed as an artifact.
+
+- **Duplicate stage names (GL040)** — emits a `WARNING` when a stage name appears more than once in the top-level `stages:` list. GitLab silently merges duplicate stage entries, which can produce confusing pipeline ordering.
+
+- **`cache.key.files` glob detection (GL041)** — emits a `WARNING` when an entry in `cache.key.files` contains glob metacharacters (`*`, `?`, `[`). The `files` field requires exact file paths; GitLab does not expand globs there.
+
+## [0.2.15] - 2026-06-13
+
+### Added
+
+- **Static reachability check (GL033)** — warns when every rule in a job's `rules:` block has an explicit `when: never`, making the job permanently excluded from any pipeline run. This is a purely static claim: no matter which `if:` condition evaluates to true, the outcome is always "skip"; and if no rule matches, the implicit fallback is also skip. No expression evaluation or context is required. The finding is a `WARNING` (may be intentional as a "disabled job" pattern). Only jobs where every rule has the literal `when: never` value are flagged; rules with no `when:` (default `on_success`), `when: manual`, `when: always`, or `when: on_failure` are not.
+
+## [0.2.14] - 2026-06-13
+
+### Added
+
+- **`--version` / `-v` flag** — `glint --version`, `glint -v`, and `glint version` all print the compiled version string (e.g. `glint v0.2.14`). The version is also shown at the top of every `--help` output (global, `check --help`, `graph --help`). The version is injected at build time via `-ldflags "-X main.version=..."` using `git describe --tags --always --dirty`.
+
+- **Sorted findings output** — `Lint` now returns findings sorted by `(File, Line, Rule)`. All issues from the same source file appear together in ascending line order; pipeline-level findings with no file location sort first. Previously findings were emitted in map-iteration order (non-deterministic).
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **Warning format consistency** — include-resolution warnings, extends-chain warnings, and the workflow non-start warning now use the same ruff-style `path: [warning] message` format as lint findings instead of the old `[WARNING] …` prefix with no file context.
+
+- **Workflow rule permissive evaluation** — workflow `rules:if:` expressions are now evaluated in strict mode: an expression that cannot be fully parsed returns `false` (skip this rule, try the next) instead of `true` (match everything). Previously, a complex or partially-unsupported condition on the first workflow rule would match every context, blocking all subsequent rules and injecting the wrong variables. Job rules retain permissive evaluation (`true` on parse failure) to avoid silently dropping jobs.
+
+- **Single `=` operator in `rules:if:`** — a bare `=` not followed by `=` or `~` is now accepted as an alias for `==`. This is a common mistake in GitLab CI YAML; previously it caused a parse failure and triggered the permissive fallback.
+
+- **Source location lost through `extends:` resolution** — when a job was resolved via `extends:`, the merged definition was re-encoded and re-decoded as a fresh `model.Job` struct, which does not carry `File` or `Line` (they are not YAML keys). Those fields are now explicitly copied back from the original job before replacing it in `p.Jobs`, so extended jobs report the correct source file and line number in findings.
+
+## [0.2.13] - 2026-06-12
+
+### Added
+
+- **Variable expansion (`$VAR` / `${VAR}`)** — variable values that reference other variables are now expanded in the effective context after all sources are merged. Transitive chains (`A=$B`, `B=$C`) are resolved over up to ten passes; circular references are left as-is. The expanded values are visible in `--list-vars` output under "Effective context variables" and are used when evaluating `rules:if:` expressions.
+
+- **Non-string scalar variables (`bool`, `int`, `float64`)** — variables declared with bare `true`/`false` or integer values (e.g. `BUILD: true`, `RETRIES: 3`) are now handled correctly in all variable processing paths. Previously they were rendered as `(complex)` in `--list-vars` output and silently dropped from the effective context; they now render and inject as their string equivalents (`"true"`, `"3"`), matching GitLab CI's own behaviour where all variable values are strings.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **YAML `\/` escape in double-quoted strings** — regex patterns containing `\/` (escaped forward-slash) in double-quoted `if:` expressions (e.g. `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ /^us\//`) caused a YAML parse error (`found unknown escape character`) with `gopkg.in/yaml.v3`, which does not implement this YAML 1.2 escape. The parser now preprocesses the raw bytes before unmarshalling: inside double-quoted strings, `\/` is rewritten to `\\/`, which `yaml.v3` parses as a literal backslash followed by a slash — preserving the regex intent.
+
+## [0.2.11] - 2026-06-12
+
+### Added
+
+- **Ruff-style finding output** — findings now follow the `file:line: RULEID [severity] message` format (e.g. `.gitlab-ci.yml:14: GL004 [error] job "deploy": stage "production" is not defined in 'stages'`), matching the output convention used by [ruff](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/) and other modern linters. Job-scoped findings prefix the message with `job "name": `; pipeline-level findings omit the job prefix. Severity is lowercase inside brackets (`[error]`, `[warning]`).
+
+- **Implicit default context (`--branch main --source push`)** — when `glint check` or `glint graph` is invoked without any of `--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, or `--var`, the context now defaults to `--branch main --source push` so that `rules:if:` expressions are always evaluated. Previously the context was empty and no rule evaluation occurred. Any explicit context flag bypasses the defaults entirely.
+
+- **`--list-vars` debug flag** — available on both `glint check` and `glint graph`; prints all pipeline-level variables collected from the root file and every included file (sorted `KEY=VALUE`) to stderr, then continues normally. When a context is active, also prints the effective merged variable set (pipeline defaults + workflow-rule variables + CLI flags). Useful for diagnosing GL032 false positives.
+
+- **Included-file variables now visible to all lint rules** — `variables:` blocks declared in included files (local, remote, project, and component includes) are now merged into the pipeline's variable namespace before linting. This eliminates false-positive GL032 warnings for variables declared in shared CI templates. Root-pipeline variables take precedence over included-file variables when the same key appears in both (matching GitLab's own override behaviour).
+
+- **Variable reference validation (GL032)** — glint now warns when a `rules:if:` expression references a variable (`$VAR` or `${VAR}`) that is not declared anywhere in the pipeline YAML: pipeline-level `variables:`, the job's own `variables:`, or any `workflow:rules:variables:` block. Predefined GitLab CI variable namespaces (`CI_*`, `GITLAB_*`, `FF_*`, `RUNNER_*`, `TRIGGER_*`, `CHAT_*`) are exempt. Because variables can also be set in GitLab CI/CD project settings (invisible to glint), the finding is a `[WARNING]` rather than an error. Each undeclared variable is reported at most once per job to keep the output concise.
+
+- **Structured rule IDs** — every finding now carries a stable `GL###` identifier (e.g. `GL003`) that appears in the output alongside the location and message: `.gitlab-ci.yml:14: GL003 [error] job "deploy": missing required field 'script'`. IDs are assigned per check function across 31 rules (GL001–GL031) and are stable across versions. The `linter.Finding` struct exposes the ID as a `Rule string` field for programmatic consumers. The README lint rules table is updated with ID columns.
+
+- **`workflow:rules:variables:` now propagate to job rule evaluation** — when a `workflow:rules:` entry matches, any `variables:` it defines are injected into the evaluation context so job `rules:if:` expressions can reference them. Pipeline-level `variables:` are also available as defaults (lower priority). Variable priority order, highest first: `--var` CLI overrides → `--branch`/`--tag`/`--source` shortcuts → workflow-rule variables → pipeline-level variable defaults. This means `$DEPLOY_TARGET == "production"` in a job rule correctly evaluates when a workflow rule sets `DEPLOY_TARGET: production` for the matching branch. The `glint graph tree` command benefits from the same enrichment.
+
+- **`rules:if:` expression evaluator improvements** — six correctness fixes to the GitLab CI expression parser:
+  - **Multi-line expressions** — newlines (`\n`, `\r`) are now treated as whitespace between tokens, so block-scalar `if:` values (e.g. `if: | ...`) and folded YAML scalars with `||`/`&&` on a continuation line are parsed correctly instead of falling back to permissive `true`.
+  - **`${VAR}` curly-brace variable syntax** — `${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH}` is now equivalent to `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH` everywhere a value is expected.
+  - **Regex flags** — `/pattern/i`, `/pattern/m`, `/pattern/s` are now honoured; the `i` flag (case-insensitive) is translated to Go's `(?i)` prefix before compiling. Unknown flags are silently ignored.
+  - **Variable as regex RHS** — `$BRANCH =~ $PATTERN` where `$PATTERN` holds a `/regex/[flags]` string is now evaluated by extracting and compiling the pattern from the variable's value; if the value is empty or does not look like a regex literal the expression falls back to permissive `true`.
+  - **`true` / `false` keywords** — bare `true` and `false` (without quotes) are now recognised as the string values `"true"` and `"false"`, matching GitLab CI's own behaviour. `$GATEWAY_ENABLED == true` and `$FEATURE_FLAG == false` now evaluate correctly.
+  - **Integer literals** — bare integers (e.g. `$PARALLEL == 4`, `$ENABLED == 1`, `$DISABLED == 0`) are now parsed as their decimal string representations and compared accordingly.
+
 - **File and line numbers on findings** — every finding now includes the source file and line where the job is defined, e.g. `[ERROR] job "deploy" (src/deploy.yml:14): …`. For jobs that come from local or fetched includes the file reflects the include source. Pipeline-level findings (workflow rules, missing stages) reference the root pipeline file.
 
 - **`glint graph includes` shows jobs per file** — each node in the Mermaid include dependency graph now shows the jobs defined directly in that file. Jobs are rendered as rounded nodes (`(name)`) in a distinct light-purple style, connected with dashed arrows (`-.->`) to distinguish ownership from the include hierarchy (solid `-->` arrows). The root pipeline file always shows its direct jobs; local and fetched project/component nodes show theirs when the file can be read.

FEATURES.md

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+# glint — feature reference
+
+This document describes every capability in the current release.
+For planned work see [ROADMAP.md](ROADMAP.md).
+
+---
+
+## Lint rules
+
+Every finding carries a stable rule ID (`GL001` – `GL045`) that can be used to
+suppress, filter, or look up the check. Run `glint explain <ID>` for a
+description, bad-YAML example, and fix.
+
+### Pipeline-level
+
+| ID | Sev | Rule |
+|----|-----|------|
+| GL001 | WARN | No `stages:` block — GitLab falls back to its built-in default stages |
+| GL002 | ERR | `workflow.rules[*].when` must be `always` or `never` |
+| GL036 | ERR | `default.timeout` is not a valid GitLab CI duration string |
+| GL040 | WARN | A stage name appears more than once in `stages:` |
+| GL045 | WARN | `include: remote:` uses plain `http://` — CI templates fetched unencrypted; prefer `https://` |
+
+### Job structure
+
+| ID | Sev | Rule |
+|----|-----|------|
+| GL003 | ERR | Job missing required `script:` (or `run:`) |
+| GL004 | ERR | Job `stage:` references a stage not declared in `stages:` |
+| GL005 | ERR | `only:` and `rules:` used together |
+| GL006 | ERR | `except:` and `rules:` used together |
+| GL007 | WARN | `only:` / `except:` used (deprecated; prefer `rules:`) |
+
+### Keyword constraints
+
+| ID | Sev | Rule |
+|----|-----|------|
+| GL008 | ERR | `when:` has an invalid value |
+| GL009 | ERR | `when: delayed` without `start_in:` |
+| GL010 | ERR | `start_in:` set but `when:` is not `delayed` |
+| GL011 | ERR | `parallel:` integer not in range 2–200, or map form missing `matrix:` |
+| GL012 | ERR | `retry:` integer not in range 0–2, or `retry.max` out of range |
+| GL013 | ERR | `retry.when:` contains an unrecognised failure type |
+| GL014 | ERR | `allow_failure:` is not a boolean or a map with `exit_codes:` |
+| GL015 | ERR | `interruptible:` is not a boolean |
+| GL016 | ERR | Trigger job also defines `script:` |
+| GL017 | ERR | `trigger:` map missing `project:` or `include:` |
+| GL018 | ERR | `coverage:` is not a regex wrapped in `/…/` |
+| GL019 | ERR | `release:` missing required `tag_name:`, or is not a map |
+| GL020 | ERR | `environment.url` set without `environment.name`, or invalid `action:` |
+| GL021 | ERR | `artifacts.when` invalid, or `expose_as` set without `paths` |
+| GL022 | WARN | `pages` job `artifacts.paths` does not include `public/` |
+| GL023 | ERR | `cache.when` or `cache.policy` has an invalid value |
+| GL024 | ERR | `rules[*].when` has an invalid value |
+| GL025 | ERR | `image:` map form missing `name:` |
+| GL026 | ERR | `inherit.default` / `inherit.variables` is not a boolean or list |
+| GL034 | ERR | `services:` map form missing `name:`, or `alias:` is not a valid DNS label |
+| GL036 | ERR | `timeout:` is not a valid GitLab CI duration string |
+| GL037 | ERR | `id_tokens:` entry missing required `aud:` |
+| GL038 | ERR | `secrets:` entry missing a provider key (`vault`, `gcp_secret_manager`, `azure_key_vault`) |
+| GL039 | WARN | Job uses `pages:` keyword but `artifacts.paths` doesn't include the publish directory |
+| GL041 | WARN | `cache.key.files` entry looks like a glob; must be an exact file path |
+
+### Cross-job graph
+
+| ID | Sev | Rule |
+|----|-----|------|
+| GL027 | ERR/WARN | `needs:` references a job that doesn't exist (WARN when `optional: true`) |
+| GL028 | ERR | `needs:` references a job in a later stage |
+| GL029 | ERR | Circular dependency in `needs:` graph |
+| GL030 | ERR | `dependencies:` references a job that doesn't exist |
+| GL031 | ERR | `dependencies:` references a job in the same or a later stage |
+| GL044 | ERR/WARN | `rules:needs:` references a job that doesn't exist (WARN when `optional: true`) |
+
+### Expression & reachability
+
+| ID | Sev | Rule |
+|----|-----|------|
+| GL032 | WARN | `rules:if:` references `$VAR` not declared in any `variables:` block (may be false-positive for project-setting variables) |
+| GL033 | WARN | Every rule in `rules:` has `when: never` — job permanently excluded (provable without evaluating `if:` expressions) |
+| GL035 | WARN | `rules:changes` / `rules:exists` path is absolute — absolute paths never match in GitLab CI |
+| GL042 | WARN | Every `rules:if:` condition evaluates to false given the declared variable values — job statically unreachable (only fires when all referenced variables are declared in YAML) |
+
+### Inheritance
+
+| ID | Sev | Rule |
+|----|-----|------|
+| GL043 | WARN | `inherit: default:` declared but the pipeline has no `default:` block (dead declaration), or the list form names fields not set in `default:` |
+
+### Hidden jobs
+
+Jobs whose name starts with `.` are reusable templates; most rules are skipped for them. This matches GitLab CI's own behaviour.
+
+---
+
+## Include resolution
+
+| Capability | Notes |
+|------------|-------|
+| `include: local:` | Read from disk, recursively merged before linting |
+| `include: remote:` | HTTPS URL fetched unauthenticated; unreachable URLs produce a warning, linting continues |
+| `include: project:` | Fetched from the GitLab REST API using the configured token; skipped with a warning when no token is available |
+| `include: component:` | Fetched from the GitLab CI/CD Catalog; public components work without a token |
+| `include: inputs:` | `$[[ inputs.KEY ]]` and `$[[ inputs.KEY \| default(…) ]]` placeholders substituted from the `with:` block before parsing |
+| Depth limit | Include chains capped at 100 levels (matches GitLab); circular cross-file references detected via visited-set tracking |
+| Offline mode | `--offline` serves all remote includes from the cache; missing entries produce a warning |
+| Include cache | `--cache-dir DIR` (or `~/.cache/glint` by default with `--offline`) persists fetched templates; keyed by SHA-256 of the request coordinates |
+
+**Token resolution order** (first non-empty wins):
+
+| Source | Header |
+|--------|--------|
+| `--token` flag / `GITLAB_TOKEN` env | `PRIVATE-TOKEN` |
+| `CI_JOB_TOKEN` env | `JOB-TOKEN` |
+| `GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN` env | `PRIVATE-TOKEN` |
+
+**URL resolution order:** `--gitlab-url` flag → `CI_SERVER_URL` env → `GITLAB_URL` env → `https://gitlab.com`
+
+---
+
+## Context simulation
+
+Pass `--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, or `--var` to evaluate `rules:if:` and
+`only`/`except` filters against a specific pipeline event. When no context flag
+is given glint defaults to `--branch main --source push` so that `rules:if:`
+expressions are always evaluated.
+
+**Evaluated at lint time:**
+
+- `rules:if:` — full expression language: `==`, `!=`, `=~`, `!~`, `&&`, `||`, `!`, `(…)`, `$VAR`/`${VAR}`, string literals, `null`, regex flags (`/pat/i`)
+- `only:` / `except:` — ref keywords, branch-name globs, and `/regex/` patterns
+- `workflow:rules:` — evaluated to determine whether the pipeline would run; matching rule's `variables:` are injected before job evaluation
+- `rules:changes:` — path-glob patterns evaluated against the supplied changed-file list (see `--changes` / `--changes-from` flags); `*` matches within a segment, `**` crosses `/` boundaries; the extended `{paths: [...], compare_to: ...}` form is supported; without changed-file data the condition is always treated as matching (permissive)
+- Variable expansion — `$VAR` / `${VAR}` references in variable values expanded after all sources merge; transitive chains resolved (up to 10 passes)
+
+**Not evaluated** (no git tree at lint time): `rules:exists:`.
+
+**Predefined variables** set by shortcut flags:
+
+| Flag | Variables populated |
+|------|---------------------|
+| `--branch NAME` | `CI_COMMIT_BRANCH`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG`, `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push` |
+| `--tag NAME` | `CI_COMMIT_TAG`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG`, `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push`; clears `CI_COMMIT_BRANCH` |
+| `--source EVENT` | `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE` |
+| `--var KEY=VALUE` | any variable; overrides shortcuts; repeatable |
+
+Use `--list-vars` to print the resolved variable table to stderr.
+
+**Changed-file flags** (for `rules:changes:` evaluation):
+
+| Flag | Effect |
+|------|--------|
+| `--changes PATH` | Mark PATH as changed; repeatable |
+| `--changes-from REF` | Run `git diff --name-only REF` to auto-detect changed files |
+
+**Context-scoped linting** (single-context mode):
+
+When a context is given, jobs evaluated as `skipped` are excluded from `needs:` and `dependencies:` cross-job checks (GL027–GL031). This eliminates false positives for jobs that are intentionally gated to specific pipeline events:
+
+```yaml
+deploy-job:
+  needs: [build-job]   # GL027 suppressed on branch pipelines; only checked on tag pipelines
+  rules:
+    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_TAG != ""'
+```
+
+**Multi-context comparison** (`--context`):
+
+Pass `--context KEY=VALUE[,...]` (repeatable) instead of `--branch`/`--tag`/`--source` to evaluate every job across multiple contexts simultaneously. Each `--context` flag defines one column; glint prints a table showing `active`, `manual`, `skipped`, or `blocked` per job per context.
+
+Known context keys: `branch`, `tag`, `source` (case-insensitive). Any other `KEY=VALUE` pair is injected as a CI variable override. The `--changes`/`--changes-from` file list is shared across all contexts.
+
+```
+glint check --context branch=main --context branch=develop .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+Context comparison:
+
+JOB         branch=main  branch=develop
+----------  -----------  -------------
+build-job   active       active
+deploy-job  active       skipped
+test-job    active       active
+```
+
+---
+
+## Output formats
+
+Pass `--format` to `glint check`. In structured formats the summary line is
+written to stderr so stdout contains only the machine-readable payload.
+
+| Format | Flag | Description |
+|--------|------|-------------|
+| Text (default) | `--format text` | Ruff-style `file:line: RULE [sev] message` |
+| JSON | `--format json` | Stable schema (version 1); `findings` array + `summary` block |
+| SARIF 2.1.0 | `--format sarif` | Consumed by GitHub Code Scanning and GitLab SAST |
+| JUnit XML | `--format junit` | CI test-report artifact (`artifacts:reports:junit`) |
+| GitHub annotations | `--format github` | `::error file=…,line=…,title=RULE::message` inline PR comments |
+
+**JSON schema (`schema_version: 1`):**
+```json
+{
+  "schema_version": 1,
+  "glint_version": "v0.2.20",
+  "pipeline": ".gitlab-ci.yml",
+  "findings": [
+    {"rule":"GL004","severity":"error","file":".gitlab-ci.yml","line":14,
+     "job":"deploy","message":"stage \"production\" is not defined in 'stages'"}
+  ],
+  "summary": {"total": 1, "errors": 1, "warnings": 0}
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Configuration
+
+### `.glint.yml` project config file
+
+Searched from the pipeline file's directory upward to the first `.git` boundary.
+
+```yaml
+# Suppress rules globally for this project.
+ignore:
+  - GL007   # migrating from only:/except:
+  - GL032   # dynamic variables injected by CI
+
+# Override rule severity (error | warning | ignore).
+# 'ignore' is equivalent to listing the rule in ignore:.
+severity:
+  GL004: warning   # demote during a stage migration
+  GL035: error     # promote to hard error for this project
+
+# Extra stage names valid beyond those in the pipeline's own stages: block.
+stages:
+  - quality
+  - security
+
+# Default GitLab token (lower priority than --token and GITLAB_TOKEN).
+token: glpat-xxxx
+
+# Default GitLab instance URL.
+url: https://gitlab.example.com
+
+# Default cache directory.
+cache_dir: ~/.cache/glint
+
+# HTTP proxy for remote includes and GitLab API calls.
+# Overrides HTTP_PROXY / HTTPS_PROXY env vars when set.
+# Leave empty to use system proxy settings.
+proxy: http://proxy.example.com:8080
+```
+
+**Priority chain:** `--token`/`--gitlab-url`/`--proxy` flags > `.glint.yml` > environment variables.
+
+### Inline suppression (`# glint: ignore`)
+
+Suppress a finding for a specific job by placing a comment immediately before it:
+
+```yaml
+# glint: ignore GL007
+legacy-job:
+  only: [main]
+  script: echo ok
+
+# Multiple rules (comma- or space-separated):
+# glint: ignore GL007, GL032
+other-job:
+  script: echo ok
+
+# Suppress every rule for this job:
+# glint: ignore all
+noisy-job:
+  script: echo ok
+```
+
+Suppressions are scoped to the single job they precede and do not affect other
+jobs or pipeline-level findings.
+
+---
+
+## Graph visualization (`glint graph`)
+
+| Mode | Output |
+|------|--------|
+| `tree` (default) | Terminal job tree: stages as branches, jobs as leaves; annotated with `[manual]`, `[delayed]`, `[trigger]` where applicable |
+| `includes` | Mermaid flowchart to stdout; colour-coded nodes by include type (local, remote, project, component, template) |
+| `pipeline` | GitLab CI-style SVG/PNG written to `--out` directory (default: `glint-out/`); converted to PNG when `rsvg-convert`, `inkscape`, or `magick` is available |
+| `all` | `includes` to stdout + `pipeline` file path to stderr |
+
+**`glint graph pipeline --format <FORMAT>`**
+
+| Format | Effect |
+|--------|--------|
+| `svg` (default) | Write GitLab CI-style SVG/PNG to `--out` |
+| `mermaid` | Print Mermaid flowchart to stdout (paste into [mermaid.live](https://mermaid.live)) |
+| `html` | Write self-contained HTML to `--out` with mouse pan/zoom and a click-to-open job-detail sidebar |
+
+**Visual distinctions in SVG and HTML output:**
+
+- **Regular** — blue circle with checkmark
+- **Manual** — orange circle with play triangle
+- **Trigger** — purple circle with chevron
+- **Delayed** — yellow circle with clock
+- **`when: on_failure`** — red circle (`#d9534f`) with X mark; dashed chip border
+- **Skipped** (with `--branch`/`--tag`/`--source` context flags) — grey circle, dimmed job name
+
+In DAG pipelines (any job has `needs:`) the pipeline graph uses job-to-job
+Bézier connectors. In classic mode a bus-bar pattern (vertical rail + per-job
+stubs) accurately connects every job across adjacent stages.
+
+Each chip carries a `<title>` and `<desc>` with stage, when, image, and needs —
+shown as a tooltip in SVG viewers and as a sidebar panel in HTML output.
+
+---
+
+## Developer tools
+
+| Tool | Description |
+|------|-------------|
+| `glint explain <RULE>` | Print description, rationale, bad-YAML example, and fix for a rule. Case-insensitive (`gl007` = `GL007`). |
+| `glint explain` | List all rules with ID, severity, and title. |
+| `--list-vars` | Print all resolved pipeline variables (pipeline + workflow rules + context) to stderr before linting. |
+| `--version` / `-v` | Print the compiled version string. |

README.md

@@ -6,30 +6,26 @@
 
 <p align="center">
   <a href="LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache%202.0-blue.svg" alt="License"></a>
-  <a href="CHANGELOG.md"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/release-v0.2.0-blue.svg" alt="Release"></a>
+  <a href="CHANGELOG.md"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/release-v0.3.0-blue.svg" alt="Release"></a>
 </p>
 
 > **Disclaimer:** This tool was built through iterative AI-assisted development with [Claude](https://claude.ai). It is experimental, incomplete, and not intended for production use. Coverage of GitLab CI keywords is best-effort and may lag behind GitLab's evolving spec. Use it at your own discretion — no correctness guarantees are made. Contributions and bug reports are welcome.
 
 A local tool to validate and lint `.gitlab-ci.yml` pipelines without needing a GitLab server.
 
-## Features
+## What it does
 
-- **YAML validation** — detects malformed pipeline files early
-- **Stage validation** — every job's `stage` must be declared in `stages`
-- **`extends:` resolution** — resolves single and multi-level template inheritance before linting, so derived jobs are evaluated against their fully merged definition
-- **`needs:` DAG validation** — checks that `needs:` references exist, respect stage ordering, and contain no circular dependencies
-- **`dependencies:` validation** — checks that artifact dependency references exist and are in earlier stages
-- **Keyword validation** — validates constraints on `when`, `parallel`, `retry`, `allow_failure`, `trigger`, `artifacts`, `cache`, `release`, `environment`, `coverage`, `rules`, and more
-- **Remote project includes** — fetches `include: project:` templates from the GitLab API so extends/needs can be validated against the full merged pipeline
-- **CI/CD catalog components** — resolves `include: component:` references from the GitLab CI/CD Catalog; public components work without a token
-- **Deprecation warnings** — flags `only`/`except` usage in favour of `rules`
-- **Local include resolution** — `include: local:` entries are read from disk and recursively merged before linting, so multi-file pipelines are fully validated
-- **Extended variable declarations** — `variables:` entries may use the `{value, description, options}` map form (GitLab CI 13.7+); `default.image` accepts both string and map form; `rules.changes`/`rules.exists` accept both list and `{paths, compare_to}` map form
-- **Graph output** — `glint graph` prints a job tree (stages → jobs) to the terminal; `glint graph includes` emits a Mermaid include dependency diagram; `glint graph pipeline` renders a GitLab CI-style PNG/SVG
-- **Context simulation** — pass `--branch`, `--tag`, or `--source` to `glint check` or `glint graph` to see which jobs would be active, manual, or skipped for a specific pipeline event; evaluates `rules:if:` expressions and `only`/`except` filters
+- **Lints** — 45 rules covering pipeline structure, keyword constraints, `needs:`/`dependencies:` graphs, expression reachability, and deprecations (GL001–GL045); run `glint explain <ID>` for any rule
+- **Resolves includes** — local files, HTTPS URLs, GitLab project templates, and CI/CD Catalog components, with offline cache support and HTTP proxy support (`--proxy` flag or `proxy:` in `.glint.yml`)
+- **Renders merged pipeline** — `glint render` resolves all includes and `extends:` chains into a single flat YAML file, matching what GitLab CI actually processes
+- **Simulates context** — `--branch`, `--tag`, `--source` flags evaluate `rules:if:` and `only`/`except` to show which jobs would be active, manual, or skipped; `--context branch=main --context branch=develop` prints a multi-column comparison table across multiple contexts in one run
+- **Multiple output formats** — `--format text` (default, colorized and column-aligned), `json`, `sarif` (GitHub Code Scanning / GitLab SAST), `junit`, `github` (PR annotations); exits `2` on errors, `10` on warnings only
+- **Project config** — `.glint.yml` for rule suppression, severity overrides, token/URL/proxy defaults; `# glint: ignore RULE` for per-job inline suppression; `--no-warn` flag to suppress all warnings
+- **Graph visualization** — `glint graph` prints a terminal job tree; `glint graph pipeline` renders a GitLab CI-style SVG/PNG; `--format mermaid` emits a Mermaid flowchart; `--format html` produces a self-contained HTML file with pan/zoom and a job-detail sidebar; `--no-skipped` hides jobs that would not run in the given context
+- **LSP server** — `glint lsp` starts a Language Server Protocol server over stdin/stdout; connect with any LSP client to get inline diagnostics (rule ID as code, error/warning severity) in VS Code, Neovim, Emacs, JetBrains, etc.
+- **VS Code extension** — `editors/vscode/` wraps the LSP server; inline squiggles for every glint rule directly in the editor
 
-See [ROADMAP.md](ROADMAP.md) for planned improvements.
+See [FEATURES.md](FEATURES.md) for the complete feature reference and lint rules table, and [ROADMAP.md](ROADMAP.md) for planned improvements.
 
 ## Requirements
 
@@ -39,7 +35,7 @@ See [ROADMAP.md](ROADMAP.md) for planned improvements.
 ## Installation
 
 ```bash
-git clone https://git.k3nny.fr/glint
+git clone https://git.k3nny.fr/k3nny/glint
 cd glint
 go build -o glint ./cmd/glint/...
 ```
@@ -58,255 +54,83 @@ glint [OPTIONS] <COMMAND>
 Commands:
   check    Lint a pipeline file — exits 0 (clean) or 1 (errors found)
   graph    Visualise the pipeline as a job tree or Mermaid graph
+  explain  Print description and fix for a lint rule
+  lsp      Start a Language Server Protocol server (stdin/stdout)
 ```
 
-Run `glint <command> --help` for command-specific options and examples.
+Run `glint <command> --help` for all flags. See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md) for full
+examples covering output formats, context simulation, remote includes, cache,
+graph modes, and project configuration.
 
-### `glint check`
+## Integrations
+
+### Pre-commit hook
+
+Add to `.pre-commit-config.yaml` in your repository to run glint automatically whenever `.gitlab-ci.yml` changes:
+
+```yaml
+repos:
+  - repo: https://git.k3nny.fr/k3nny/glint
+    rev: v0.2.28
+    hooks:
+      - id: glint
+```
+
+Requires [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com) and Go 1.21+. On first run, pre-commit builds glint from source automatically.
+
+### GitLab CI component
+
+Copy [`templates/check.yml`](templates/check.yml) into your repository and include it as a local file, or publish this repository to a GitLab CI/CD Catalog and reference it as a component:
+
+```yaml
+# As a local include (copy templates/check.yml to your repo first):
+include:
+  - local: .gitlab/glint-check.yml
+
+# As a Catalog component (after publishing to a GitLab instance):
+include:
+  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/k3nny/glint/check@v0.2.28
+    inputs:
+      stage: validate          # optional, default: validate
+      allow_failure: true      # optional, default: false
+```
+
+The component downloads the glint Linux binary, runs `glint check`, and respects all inputs defined in the `spec:` block.
+
+### GitHub Actions
+
+Copy [`action.yml`](action.yml) from this repository, or mirror this repo to GitHub as `k3nny/glint` and reference it directly:
+
+```yaml
+- uses: k3nny/glint@v0.2.28
+  with:
+    file: .gitlab-ci.yml   # optional, default: .gitlab-ci.yml
+    args: '--format sarif' # optional
+```
+
+The action downloads the glint Linux binary into `$RUNNER_TEMP` and runs `glint check`. Only Linux runners are supported (matches the available release binary).
+
+### VS Code extension
+
+Clone this repository and load the extension from `editors/vscode/`:
 
 ```bash
-glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
+cd editors/vscode
+npm install          # install dependencies (once)
+npm run compile      # compile TypeScript → out/
 ```
 
-Exits `0` when no errors are found, `1` when at least one error is reported.
+Then in VS Code: **Run → Start Debugging** (F5) — this opens an Extension Development Host with glint diagnostics active for any `.gitlab-ci.yml` you open.
 
-### Remote project includes
+Make sure `glint` is on your `PATH`, or set `glint.executablePath` in VS Code settings to the full path of the binary.
 
-Pipelines that include templates from other GitLab projects are supported.
-Provide a token so `glint` can fetch them:
+To package a `.vsix` for local installation:
 
 ```bash
-# personal access token (read_api scope)
-GITLAB_TOKEN=glpat-xxxx glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# CI/CD job token (when running inside a pipeline)
-CI_JOB_TOKEN=$CI_JOB_TOKEN glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# self-hosted GitLab
-GITLAB_TOKEN=glpat-xxxx GITLAB_URL=https://gitlab.example.com glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# or via flags
-glint check --token glpat-xxxx --gitlab-url https://gitlab.example.com .gitlab-ci.yml
+task ext-package     # produces glint-X.Y.Z.vsix
+code --install-extension glint-X.Y.Z.vsix
 ```
 
-**Project includes** require a token; without one they are skipped with a
-warning and the rest of the pipeline is linted as-is.
-
-**Component includes** (`include: component: ...`) attempt the fetch
-unauthenticated, so public [CI/CD Catalog](https://gitlab.com/explore/catalog)
-components work without a token. A warning is emitted if the fetch fails.
-
-Token resolution order (first non-empty wins):
-
-| Source | Header used |
-|--------|-------------|
-| `--token` flag / `GITLAB_TOKEN` | `PRIVATE-TOKEN` |
-| `CI_JOB_TOKEN` | `JOB-TOKEN` |
-| `GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN` | `PRIVATE-TOKEN` |
-
-Instance URL resolution order: `--gitlab-url` flag → `CI_SERVER_URL` →
-`GITLAB_URL` → `https://gitlab.com`
-
-### Component reference format
-
-```
-<host>/<project-path>/<component-name>@<version>
-
-gitlab.com/components/secret-detection/secret-detection@v0.1.0
-gitlab.com/my-org/ci-catalog/lint@main
-gitlab.example.com/platform/components/build@~latest
-```
-
-The component file is looked up in order:
-1. `templates/<component-name>.yml` (single-file layout)
-2. `templates/<component-name>/template.yml` (directory layout)
-
-Component input parameters (`with:`) are not validated — they are resolved by
-GitLab at runtime. Jobs in fetched components may use `$[[ inputs.xxx ]]`
-placeholders in fields like `stage`; `glint` skips those fields rather
-than producing false positive errors.
-
-### `glint graph`
-
-Visualise the pipeline. Without a mode word, prints a job tree and the include
-dependency graph separated by `---`.
-
-```bash
-# Default: job tree + include dependency graph
-glint graph .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# Job tree only (stages → jobs, like the tree command)
-glint graph tree .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# Include dependency graph → Mermaid flowchart to stdout
-glint graph includes .gitlab-ci.yml > includes.mmd
-
-# GitLab-like pipeline layout → PNG (or SVG fallback) written to --out dir
-glint graph pipeline .gitlab-ci.yml
-# prints the output file path, e.g.: glint-out/pipeline-20260607-143022.png
-
-# Mermaid to stdout + pipeline file path to stderr
-glint graph all .gitlab-ci.yml > includes.mmd
-
-# Custom output directory (pipeline mode)
-glint graph pipeline --out /tmp/graphs .gitlab-ci.yml
-```
-
-**Job tree** (`graph tree`) — stages as branches, jobs as leaves. Jobs with
-`when: manual`, `when: delayed`, or `trigger:` are annotated in brackets.
-
-**Include graph** (`graph includes`) — [Mermaid](https://mermaid.js.org) flowchart written to stdout.
-Pipe to a `.mmd` file or paste into [mermaid.live](https://mermaid.live).
-One node per include entry, colour-coded by type:
-- Orange (bold): the main pipeline file
-- Purple: `project:` includes
-- Green: `component:` includes
-- Blue: `local:` includes
-- Grey: `remote:` URL includes
-- Light orange: GitLab-provided `template:` includes
-
-**Pipeline graph** (`graph pipeline`) — GitLab CI-style SVG rendered to a timestamped file
-in the `--out` directory (default: `glint-out/`). Converted to PNG automatically
-when `rsvg-convert`, `inkscape`, or `magick` is available; falls back to SVG otherwise.
-Jobs are colour-coded by type:
-- Blue (`#1f75cb`): regular jobs
-- Orange (`#fc6d26`): `when: manual` jobs
-- Purple (`#6b4fbb`): `trigger:` jobs
-- Amber (`#fca326`): `when: delayed` jobs
-
-DAG mode (job-to-job Bézier arrows) activates automatically when any job has a `needs:` list.
-Classic mode draws L-shaped or straight connectors between stage columns otherwise.
-
-### Context simulation
-
-Pass `--branch`, `--tag`, or `--source` to `glint check` to see which jobs
-would run for a given pipeline event. The pipeline is still fully linted;
-context output is printed first.
-
-```bash
-# What runs on a push to develop?
-glint check --branch develop .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# What runs when a v1.2.0 tag is pushed?
-glint check --tag v1.2.0 .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# Merge request pipeline
-glint check --source merge_request_event .gitlab-ci.yml
-
-# Arbitrary variable overrides (repeatable)
-glint check --branch main --var DEPLOY_ENV=production .gitlab-ci.yml
-```
-
-**Evaluated:**
-- `rules:if:` — full expression language: `==`, `!=`, `=~`, `!~`, `&&`, `||`, `!`, `()`, `$VAR`, string literals, `null`
-- `only:` / `except:` — ref keywords (`branches`, `tags`, `merge_requests`, `schedules`, …), branch name globs (`feat/*`), and `/regex/` patterns
-
-**Not evaluated** (no git tree at lint time): `rules:changes:`, `rules:exists:`.
-Rules without an `if:` clause always match.
-
-**Predefined variables** set automatically by the shortcut flags:
-
-| Flag | Variables populated |
-|------|---------------------|
-| `--branch <name>` | `CI_COMMIT_BRANCH`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG`, `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push` |
-| `--tag <name>` | `CI_COMMIT_TAG`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG`, `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push` (clears `CI_COMMIT_BRANCH`) |
-| `--source <event>` | `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE` |
-| `--var KEY=VALUE` | any variable; overrides shortcuts |
-
-### Example output
-
-```
-# Clean pipeline, no context
-OK: .gitlab-ci.yml — no issues found (5 jobs, 3 stages)
-
-# With --branch develop context
-Context: branch=develop, source=push
-
-Active  (3): build, deploy-staging, test
-Skipped (2): deploy-prod, release-notes
-
-OK: .gitlab-ci.yml — no issues found (5 jobs, 3 stages)
-
-# With --tag v1.0.0 context
-Context: tag=v1.0.0, source=push
-
-Active  (4): build, deploy-prod, release-notes, test
-Skipped (1): deploy-staging
-
-OK: .gitlab-ci.yml — no issues found (5 jobs, 3 stages)
-
-# Pipeline with issues
-[ERROR] job "deploy": stage "production" is not defined in 'stages'
-[ERROR] job "test": needs unknown job "build-app"
-[WARNING] job "old-job": 'only'/'except' are deprecated; prefer 'rules'
-
-3 finding(s): 2 error(s)
-```
-
-## Lint rules
-
-### Pipeline-level
-
-| Severity | Rule |
-|----------|------|
-| ERROR | `workflow.rules[*].when` is not `always` or `never` |
-| WARNING | No `stages` defined (GitLab falls back to default stages) |
-
-### Job-level — structure
-
-| Severity | Rule |
-|----------|------|
-| ERROR | Job is missing required `script` (or `run`) — non-trigger, non-template jobs |
-| ERROR | Job references a `stage` not declared in `stages` |
-| ERROR | `only` and `rules` used together on the same job |
-| ERROR | `except` and `rules` used together on the same job |
-| WARNING | `only`/`except` used (deprecated, prefer `rules`) |
-
-### Job-level — keyword constraints
-
-| Severity | Rule |
-|----------|------|
-| ERROR | `when` is not one of `on_success`, `on_failure`, `always`, `manual`, `delayed`, `never` |
-| ERROR | `when: delayed` without `start_in` |
-| ERROR | `start_in` set but `when` is not `delayed` |
-| ERROR | `parallel` integer not in range 2–200 |
-| ERROR | `parallel` map form missing `matrix` key |
-| ERROR | `retry` integer not in range 0–2 |
-| ERROR | `retry.max` not in range 0–2 |
-| ERROR | `retry.when` contains an invalid failure type |
-| ERROR | `allow_failure` is not a boolean or a map with `exit_codes` |
-| ERROR | `interruptible` is not a boolean |
-| ERROR | `trigger` job also has `script` |
-| ERROR | `trigger` map missing `project` or `include` |
-| ERROR | `coverage` is not a regex pattern wrapped in `/` |
-| ERROR | `release` missing required `tag_name` |
-| ERROR | `environment.url` set without `environment.name` |
-| ERROR | `environment.action` is not one of `start`, `stop`, `prepare`, `verify`, `access` |
-| ERROR | `artifacts.when` is not `on_success`, `on_failure`, or `always` |
-| ERROR | `artifacts.expose_as` set without `artifacts.paths` |
-| ERROR | `cache.when` is not `on_success`, `on_failure`, or `always` |
-| ERROR | `cache.policy` is not `pull`, `push`, or `pull-push` |
-| ERROR | `rules[*].when` is not one of the valid `when` values |
-| ERROR | `image` map form missing `name` key |
-| ERROR | `inherit.default` / `inherit.variables` is not a boolean or list |
-| WARNING | `pages` job `artifacts.paths` does not include `public` |
-
-### Cross-job graph
-
-| Severity | Rule |
-|----------|------|
-| ERROR | `needs:` references a job that does not exist |
-| ERROR | `needs:` references a job in a later stage |
-| ERROR | Circular dependency detected in `needs:` graph |
-| ERROR | `dependencies:` references a job that does not exist |
-| ERROR | `dependencies:` references a job in the same or a later stage |
-| WARNING | `extends:` references an unknown base job (resolver warning; extends chain skipped for that job) |
-| ERROR | Cycle detected in `extends:` graph |
-
-### Hidden jobs (templates)
-
-Jobs whose name starts with `.` are treated as reusable templates and skipped for most rules. This matches GitLab's own behaviour.
-
 ## Development
 
 This project uses [Task](https://taskfile.dev) as a task runner.
@@ -318,11 +142,21 @@ task test         # run Go unit tests
 task lint-go      # run go vet
 task validate     # run the binary against all testdata fixtures
 task ci           # full check: vet → test → build → validate
+task fuzz         # run fuzz tests for the YAML parser (Ctrl-C to stop; FUZZ_TIME=60s to set duration)
+task changelog    # regenerate CHANGELOG.md from git history via git-cliff
+task changelog-next  # preview unreleased section (dry-run, no file written)
+task ext-install     # install VS Code extension npm dependencies
+task ext-compile     # compile the VS Code extension TypeScript source
+task ext-package     # package the VS Code extension as a .vsix
 task build-windows  # cross-compile for Windows x64 (requires a tagged commit → glint-<tag>.exe)
 task build-linux    # cross-compile for Linux x64 (requires a tagged commit → glint-<tag>-linux-amd64)
 task clean        # remove build artifacts
 ```
 
+**Optional tools:**
+
+- [git-cliff](https://git-cliff.org) — changelog generator used by `task changelog`. Install with `brew install git-cliff` or `cargo install git-cliff`.
+
 ## Project structure
 
 ```

ROADMAP.md

@@ -4,26 +4,27 @@ This document tracks planned improvements to `glint`. Items are grouped by theme
 
 ---
 
-## Context-aware validation — ✓ single-context shipped in v0.2.0
+## Context simulation
 
-Single-context simulation is fully implemented. Pass `--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, or `--var` to either `glint check` or `glint graph`; jobs are evaluated and shown as active / manual / skipped.
+Pass `--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, or `--var` to `glint check` or `glint graph` to evaluate `rules:if:` expressions and `only`/`except` filters against a specific pipeline event.
 
-```bash
-# shipped: single-context simulation
-glint check --branch develop .gitlab-ci.yml
-glint check --tag v1.2.0 .gitlab-ci.yml
-glint check --source merge_request_event --var CI_MERGE_REQUEST_TARGET_BRANCH_NAME=main .gitlab-ci.yml
-glint graph tree --branch main .gitlab-ci.yml   # tree annotated with [skipped] / [manual]
-```
-
-**Remaining work**
-
-- **Multi-context simulation** — run multiple contexts in one invocation and print a comparison table:
-  ```bash
-  glint check --context branch=main --context branch=develop --context tag=v1.0.0 .gitlab-ci.yml
-  ```
-- **Context-scoped linting** — skip `needs:`/`dependencies:` cross-checks for jobs that are statically unreachable in the given context
-- **`rules:changes:` evaluation** — path glob evaluation against the local git tree (expression evaluator priority 5)
+- [x] **Single-context simulation** — shipped v0.2.0; `--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, `--var` flags on both subcommands; jobs classified as active / manual / skipped
+- [x] **`workflow:rules:variables:` propagation** — shipped post-v0.2.0; variables from the matching workflow rule entry injected into the evaluation context before job `rules:if:` expressions are evaluated
+- [x] **Expression evaluator: multi-line `if:` values** — shipped post-v0.2.0; newlines in block-scalar and folded YAML `if:` values treated as whitespace
+- [x] **Expression evaluator: `${VAR}` syntax** — shipped post-v0.2.0; `${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH}` equivalent to `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH` everywhere
+- [x] **Expression evaluator: regex flags** — shipped post-v0.2.0; `/pattern/i`, `/pattern/m`, `/pattern/s` supported
+- [x] **Expression evaluator: variable as regex RHS** — shipped post-v0.2.0; `$BRANCH =~ $PATTERN` where `$PATTERN` holds a `/regex/` string evaluates correctly
+- [x] **Expression evaluator: bare `true`/`false` and integer literals** — shipped post-v0.2.0; `$FLAG == true`, `$COUNT == 4` compare as decimal strings matching GitLab CI behaviour
+- [x] **Implicit default context** — shipped v0.2.11; defaults to `--branch main --source push` when no context flag is given, so `rules:if:` is always evaluated
+- [x] **`--list-vars` debug flag** — shipped v0.2.11; prints sorted `KEY=VALUE` of all collected pipeline variables (root file + includes + workflow-rule union + effective context) to stderr
+- [x] **Variable expansion** — shipped v0.2.13; `$VAR`/`${VAR}` references within variable values expanded after all sources are merged; transitive chains resolved; visible in `--list-vars`
+- [x] **Non-string scalar variables** — shipped v0.2.13; `BUILD: true`, `RETRIES: 3` rendered and injected correctly instead of being silently dropped
+- [x] **YAML `\/` escape in double-quoted strings** — shipped v0.2.13; regex patterns like `/^us\//` in double-quoted `if:` blocks no longer cause a parse error
+- [x] **Workflow rule strict evaluation** — shipped v0.2.14; unparseable `if:` skips the rule instead of matching everything; prevents wrong variables being injected
+- [x] **Single `=` operator** — shipped v0.2.14; bare `=` accepted as alias for `==` in `rules:if:` expressions
+- [x] **`rules:changes:` evaluation** — shipped v0.2.21; `--changes PATH` and `--changes-from REF` flags; doublestar glob matching (`*` within segment, `**` across segments); permissive when no file list provided
+- [x] **Multi-context simulation** — shipped v0.2.22; `--context KEY=VALUE[,...]`; repeatable; prints a comparison table of `active`/`manual`/`skipped`/`blocked` per job across all contexts
+- [x] **Context-scoped linting** — shipped v0.2.23; jobs evaluated as `JobSkipped` in the supplied context are excluded from `needs:`/`dependencies:` cross-checks (GL027–GL031) to eliminate false-positive errors for conditionally-gated jobs
 
 ---
 
@@ -31,37 +32,37 @@ glint graph tree --branch main .gitlab-ci.yml   # tree annotated with [skipped]
 
 The current rule set covers the most common sources of broken pipelines. These are the gaps most likely to matter in practice.
 
-- **Variable reference validation** — warn when a job references `$VAR` (or `${VAR}`) that is not declared anywhere in `variables:`, `default.variables`, or the job itself
-- **`services:` validation** — map form requires `name`; `alias` must be a valid DNS label
-- **`rules:changes` / `rules:exists`** — warn on glob patterns that can never match (e.g. absolute paths, double `**` on unsupported versions)
-- **`timeout` format** — must be a duration string GitLab understands (`1h 30m`, `90 minutes`, etc.)
-- **`id_tokens:` / `secrets:`** — presence and required-key checks
-- **`pages:publish`** — validate that the path is consistent with `artifacts.paths`
-- **`inherit:` completeness** — flag when a job overrides a default field that would require `inherit: default: false` to suppress
-- **Unreachable jobs** — detect jobs that can never run because every `rules:` branch evaluates to `never` (static analysis only, no variable expansion)
-- **Duplicate stage names** — GitLab silently merges them; warn to avoid confusion
-- **`cache:key:files`** — must be a list of paths, not a glob
+- [x] **Variable reference validation (GL032)** — shipped v0.2.11; warns when a `rules:if:` expression references `$VAR` / `${VAR}` not declared anywhere in pipeline YAML; predefined GitLab namespaces (`CI_*`, `GITLAB_*`, …) exempt; variables from included files are also considered
+- [x] **`rules:if:` static reachability (GL033)** — shipped v0.2.15; warns when every rule in a job's `rules:` block has `when: never`, making the job permanently excluded from any pipeline run; no `if:` evaluation required
+- [x] **`services:` validation (GL034)** — shipped v0.2.16; map form requires `name`; `alias` must be a valid DNS label
+- [x] **`rules:changes` / `rules:exists` absolute path detection (GL035)** — shipped v0.2.16; warns when a path starts with `/`; GitLab CI paths are always relative to the repo root
+- [x] **`timeout` format validation (GL036)** — shipped v0.2.16; validates job-level and `default.timeout` against recognised GitLab CI duration strings
+- [x] **`id_tokens:` / `secrets:` required-key checks (GL037, GL038)** — shipped v0.2.16; `id_tokens` entries must have `aud`; `secrets` entries must declare a provider
+- [x] **`pages:publish` + `artifacts.paths` consistency (GL039)** — shipped v0.2.16; warns when the publish directory is missing from `artifacts.paths`
+- [x] **Duplicate stage names (GL040)** — shipped v0.2.16; warns when a stage appears more than once in `stages:`
+- [x] **`cache:key:files` must be exact paths (GL041)** — shipped v0.2.16; warns when entries look like glob patterns
+- [x] **Unreachable jobs** — covered by GL033 (shipped v0.2.15); every-`when:never` rules block is statically dead
+- [x] **`inherit:` completeness (GL043)** — shipped v0.2.20; warns when `inherit: default:` is declared but there's no `default:` block, or list form names fields not set in `default:`
 
 ---
 
 ## Include resolution
 
-- ~~**`include: local:`** full resolution~~ — ✓ shipped in v0.2.0; local files are read from disk, recursively resolved, and merged before linting
-- **`include: remote:`** (URL) — fetch and merge plain HTTP/HTTPS URLs (no auth required)
-- **Recursive include depth limit** — guard against include cycles across files
-- **Offline mode / cache** — persist fetched remote templates to a local cache directory; `--offline` flag to skip network calls and use only cached copies
-- **`include: inputs:`** — substitute CI component input values into fetched templates before merging, so component-scoped jobs get their correct `stage:` and keyword values
+- [x] **`include: local:` full resolution** — shipped v0.2.0; local files are read from disk, recursively resolved, and merged before linting
+- [x] **`include: remote:` (URL)** — shipped post-v0.2.0; plain HTTPS URLs are fetched (unauthenticated), parsed, and merged; sub-includes are resolved recursively; unreachable URLs emit `[WARNING]` and linting continues
+- [x] **Recursive include depth limit** — shipped v0.2.17; depth capped at 100 (matching GitLab); project/component includes now tracked in visited set to prevent cross-file cycles
+- [x] **Offline mode / cache** — shipped v0.2.17; `--cache-dir DIR` persists fetched templates; `--offline` serves from cache only; default cache dir (`~/.cache/glint`) used automatically with `--offline`
+- [x] **`include: inputs:`** — shipped v0.2.17; `$[[ inputs.KEY ]]` and `$[[ inputs.KEY | default(…) ]]` placeholders in fetched component YAML are substituted from the include's `with:` block before parsing
+- [x] **`glint render` subcommand** — shipped v0.3.0; resolves all `include:` and `extends:` chains into a single flat YAML file; strips consumed keys; accepts same network flags as `glint check`; default output `rendered.gitlab-ci.yml`, use `--output -` for stdout
 
 ---
 
 ## Output formats
 
-Right now the only output is plain-text findings. Structured output enables integration with other tools.
-
-- **JSON** (`--format json`) — machine-readable findings with file, job, severity, rule ID, and message; stable schema
-- **SARIF** (`--format sarif`) — [Static Analysis Results Interchange Format](https://sarifweb.azurewebsites.net); consumed natively by GitHub Code Scanning and GitLab SAST
-- **JUnit XML** (`--format junit`) — lets CI pipelines publish lint results as a test report artifact
-- **GitHub / GitLab annotation format** — emit `::error file=…,line=…::message` lines so findings appear as inline comments in PR diffs
+- [x] **JSON** (`--format json`) — shipped v0.2.18; machine-readable findings with stable schema (version 1)
+- [x] **SARIF** (`--format sarif`) — shipped v0.2.18; SARIF 2.1.0; consumed natively by GitHub Code Scanning and GitLab SAST
+- [x] **JUnit XML** (`--format junit`) — shipped v0.2.18; lets CI pipelines publish lint results as a test report artifact
+- [x] **GitHub annotation format** (`--format github`) — shipped v0.2.18; emits `::error file=…,line=…,title=RULE::message` lines so findings appear as inline comments in PR diffs
 
 ---
 
@@ -69,42 +70,68 @@ Right now the only output is plain-text findings. Structured output enables inte
 
 The SVG renderer and terminal tree cover the basic layout. These would bring it closer to GitLab's full interactive view.
 
-- ~~**Terminal job tree**~~ — ✓ shipped in v0.2.0 as `glint graph tree`; stages as branches, jobs as leaves, context-aware annotations
-- **Multi-job connector accuracy** — draw one connector per job pair rather than one per stage pair in classic mode, so pipelines with uneven columns look correct
-- **Job tooltip / detail panel** — embed a hidden `<title>` and `<desc>` per chip so SVG viewers show `stage`, `when`, `image`, and `needs` on hover
-- **`when: on_failure` visual distinction** — dashed border or distinct icon for failure-path jobs
-- **Blocked / skipped state colouring** — grey out jobs that are statically unreachable given known `rules:` conditions
-- **Interactive HTML output** — self-contained `.html` file with pan/zoom and a job-detail sidebar; no external dependencies
-- **Mermaid pipeline output** — keep `pipeline.go` but wire it up through `--graph pipeline --format mermaid` for users who want to paste into mermaid.live
+- [x] **Terminal job tree** — shipped v0.2.0 as `glint graph tree`; stages as branches, jobs as leaves, context-aware annotations
+- [x] **`glint graph includes` shows jobs per file** — shipped post-v0.2.0; each include node shows the jobs it defines as dashed-arrow rounded nodes in a distinct style
+- [x] **Multi-job connector accuracy** — shipped v0.2.25; classic mode uses a bus-bar pattern (vertical rail at the midpoint + horizontal stubs per job) instead of a single center-to-center line, so uneven columns look correct
+- [x] **Job tooltip / detail panel** — shipped v0.2.25; each chip is wrapped in `<g data-job="…"><title>…</title><desc>…</desc>` — SVG viewers show stage, when, image, and needs on hover; HTML output uses the data for the sidebar
+- [x] **`when: on_failure` visual distinction** — shipped v0.2.25; dashed chip border + X-mark icon + red circle (`#d9534f`); legend entry added; Mermaid `on_failure` class wired
+- [x] **Blocked / skipped state colouring** — shipped v0.2.25; `glint graph pipeline` accepts context flags (`--branch`, `--tag`, etc.); jobs evaluated as skipped are greyed out (`#868686`) with dimmed text and no icon
+- [x] **Interactive HTML output** — shipped v0.2.25; `glint graph pipeline --format html` writes a self-contained `.html` file with mouse pan/zoom and a click-to-open job-detail sidebar; no external dependencies
+- [x] **Mermaid pipeline output** — shipped v0.2.25; `glint graph pipeline --format mermaid` prints a Mermaid flowchart to stdout (paste into mermaid.live)
+- [x] **Same-stage job ordering** — shipped v0.2.26; jobs within a stage that have `needs:` between each other are placed in topological sub-columns (left-to-right by depth); stage header spans all sub-columns
+- [x] **Graph links rendered behind job chips** — shipped v0.2.26; SVG connectors (Bézier curves and bus-bar stubs) are drawn before job chips so lines pass behind rectangles
+- [x] **`glint graph --no-skipped`** — shipped v0.3.0; removes jobs evaluated as `skipped` in the given context from tree, SVG, HTML, and Mermaid output
+
+---
+
+## Findings quality
+
+- [x] **File and line numbers on findings** — shipped post-v0.2.0; every finding includes the source file and exact line of the job key; works across local includes, remote project templates, and fetched component templates
+- [x] **Ruff-style output format** — shipped v0.2.11; findings follow `file:line: RULEID [severity] message` matching the convention used by ruff and other modern linters
+- [x] **Colorized, columnized text output** — shipped v0.3.0; four aligned columns (location, rule, severity, message); `error` in bold red, `warning` in bold orange; auto-detected terminal color (respects `NO_COLOR`)
+- [x] **`line:col` locations** — shipped v0.3.0; `Column int` on `model.Job` and `Finding`; text output and `Finding.String()` emit `file:line:col` when column is known
+- [x] **`needs: optional: true` false-positive errors** — shipped post-v0.2.0; optional missing needs are downgraded to `[WARNING]`
+- [x] **`extends:` jobs with missing script false errors** — shipped post-v0.2.0; jobs using `extends:` that have no `script` after resolution emit `[WARNING]` (the script may come from an unfetchable remote base)
+- [x] **`rules:if:` static reachability (GL042)** — shipped v0.2.20; warns when all `rules:if:` conditions evaluate to false given declared variable values (only fires when all referenced vars are declared in YAML)
 
 ---
 
 ## CI / editor integration
 
-- **GitLab CI template** — a `.gitlab-ci.yml` snippet that runs `glint` as a pipeline-validation job before the real pipeline executes; publishable to the GitLab CI/CD Catalog
-- **GitHub Actions action** — `uses: k3nny/glint@v1` wrapper for repositories that mirror or manage GitLab pipelines from GitHub
-- **Pre-commit hook** — entry for [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com) so `glint` runs automatically on `git commit` when `.gitlab-ci.yml` changes
-- **LSP server** — `glint lsp` mode exposing diagnostics over the Language Server Protocol; enables inline squiggles in VS Code, JetBrains, Neovim, etc. without a dedicated extension
-- **VS Code extension** — thin wrapper around the LSP server with syntax highlighting for `.gitlab-ci.yml`
+- [x] **GitLab CI template** — shipped v0.2.28; `templates/check.yml` is a GitLab CI/CD Catalog component with `spec:` inputs for stage, file, version, allow_failure, and extra args; also usable as a plain local/remote include
+- [x] **GitHub Actions action** — shipped v0.2.28; `action.yml` composite action downloads the glint Linux binary and runs `glint check`; mirror to GitHub as `k3nny/glint` to reference as `uses: k3nny/glint@v0.2.28`
+- [x] **Pre-commit hook** — shipped v0.2.28; `.pre-commit-hooks.yaml` defines `language: golang` hook; pre-commit builds glint from source on first run and re-runs on staged `.gitlab-ci.yml` changes
+- [x] **LSP server** — shipped v0.2.29; `glint lsp` runs a JSON-RPC 2.0 LSP server over stdin/stdout; `textDocument/didOpen`, `didChange`, `didSave`, `didClose` all publish diagnostics; rule IDs appear as the diagnostic `code`; include resolution is best-effort using env-var token and default cache dir
+- [x] **VS Code extension** — shipped v0.2.30; `editors/vscode/` TypeScript extension wraps `glint lsp` via `vscode-languageclient`; activates on YAML files and restricts LSP processing to `**/.gitlab-ci.yml`; configurable binary path via `glint.executablePath`; build with `task ext-compile`, package with `task ext-package`
 
 ---
 
 ## Configuration
 
-- **`.glint.yml` config file** — project-level configuration for:
-  - Rule suppression by rule ID (e.g. `ignore: [no-only, missing-stages]`)
-  - Severity overrides (demote specific errors to warnings)
-  - Custom `stages` allowlist for projects that use a non-standard default set
-  - Token and URL defaults so flags are not needed in every invocation
-- **Inline suppression comments** — `# glint: ignore next-line <rule-id>` in the pipeline YAML
+- [x] **`.glint.yml` config file** — shipped v0.2.19; `ignore:`, `severity:`, `stages:`, `token:`, `url:`, `cache_dir:`; searched from the pipeline directory up to the git root
+- [x] **Inline suppression comments** — shipped v0.2.19; `# glint: ignore GL007` before a job definition; comma/space-separated rules; `# glint: ignore all` wildcard
+- [x] **Proxy support** — shipped v0.2.31; `--proxy` flag on `check`, `graph`, and `lsp` subcommands; also configurable via `proxy:` in `.glint.yml`; overrides `HTTP_PROXY` / `HTTPS_PROXY` env vars when set
+
+---
+
+## Security & hardening
+
+- [x] **Path traversal guard for local includes** — shipped v0.2.31; `include: local:` paths containing `../../` or similar sequences are rejected instead of reading files outside the repository root
+- [x] **HTTP timeout on remote fetches** — shipped v0.2.31; all HTTP calls via the fetcher use a 30-second timeout to prevent indefinite hangs on slow or unresponsive servers
+- [x] **Unbounded response size cap** — shipped v0.2.31; remote include and GitLab API responses are capped at 10 MiB; responses exceeding the limit are rejected to prevent memory exhaustion
+- [x] **Cache file permissions** — shipped v0.2.31; cache directories are created with mode `0700` and cache files with mode `0600`; previously used world-readable `0755`/`0644`
+- [x] **GL045: HTTP remote include warning** — shipped v0.2.31; warns when `include: remote:` uses a plain `http://` URL; CI templates fetched unencrypted are at risk of tampering
+- [x] **LSP Content-Length DoS cap** — shipped v0.2.31; `glint lsp` rejects messages with `Content-Length` exceeding 64 MiB to prevent memory exhaustion from a malicious client
 
 ---
 
 ## Reliability and developer experience
 
-- **Structured rule IDs** — assign a stable short ID to every rule (e.g. `GS001`) so suppression, documentation, and SARIF output are stable across versions
-- **`--explain <rule-id>`** — print the rule description, rationale, and an example fix
-- ~~**Semantic versioning and first release**~~ — shipped as `v0.1.0` (2026-06-07)
-- ~~**Subcommand CLI**~~ — shipped as `v0.2.0` (2026-06-11); `glint check` / `glint graph [mode]` with ruff-style `--help`
-- **Changelog automation** — generate release notes from Conventional Commits via `git-cliff` or similar
-- **Fuzz testing** — add a `go test -fuzz` target for the YAML parser to harden it against malformed input
+- [x] **Structured rule IDs** — shipped post-v0.2.0; GL001–GL031 assigned; GL032 added v0.2.11; GL033 added v0.2.15; GL034–GL041 added v0.2.16; output formats added v0.2.18; GL042–GL043 added v0.2.20; GL044 added v0.2.24; graph improvements shipped v0.2.25–v0.2.26
+- [x] **`glint explain <rule-id>`** — shipped v0.2.20; prints rule description, rationale, bad-YAML example, and fix; `glint explain` (no arg) lists all rules
+- [x] **Semantic versioning and first release** — shipped v0.1.0 (2026-06-07)
+- [x] **Subcommand CLI** — shipped v0.2.0 (2026-06-11); `glint check` / `glint graph [mode]` with ruff-style `--help`
+- [x] **Changelog automation** — shipped v0.2.27; `cliff.toml` configures git-cliff to produce Keep-a-Changelog–compatible release notes from Conventional Commits; `task changelog` regenerates `CHANGELOG.md`, `task changelog-next` previews unreleased entries
+- [x] **Fuzz testing** — shipped v0.2.27; `FuzzParseBytes` and `FuzzSanitizeYAMLEscapes` in `internal/model/fuzz_test.go`; seeds run as regular tests in CI; `task fuzz` runs them continuously (default 30 s)
+- [x] **`glint check --no-warn`** — shipped v0.3.0; discards all warning findings before output and exit-code calculation; mixed pipelines (errors + warnings) still exit 2 but only errors are printed; warnings-only pipelines exit 0
+- [x] **Exit codes 2 / 10** *(breaking)* — shipped v0.3.0; `glint check` exits `2` when errors are present (previously `1`) and `10` when findings contain only warnings; exit `0` for clean

Taskfile.yml

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ version: "3"
 vars:
   BINARY: glint
   GO: /usr/local/go/bin/go
+  VERSION:
+    sh: git describe --tags --always --dirty 2>/dev/null || echo "dev"
 
 tasks:
   default:
@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@ tasks:
   build:
     desc: Build the glint binary
     cmds:
-      - "{{.GO}} build -o {{.BINARY}} ./cmd/glint/..."
+      - "{{.GO}} build -ldflags \"-X main.version={{.VERSION}}\" -o {{.BINARY}} ./cmd/glint/..."
     sources:
       - "**/*.go"
       - go.mod
@@ -59,21 +61,86 @@ tasks:
         ignore_error: false
       - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --tag v1.0.0 testdata/context_rules.yml
         ignore_error: false
-      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check samba-testdata/.gitlab-ci.yml
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/rules_if_expr.yml
         ignore_error: false
-      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check samba-testdata/.gitlab-ci-coverage.yml
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --branch main testdata/rules_if_expr.yml
         ignore_error: false
-      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check samba-testdata/.gitlab-ci-private.yml
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --branch feat/x testdata/rules_if_expr.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/workflow_vars.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --branch main testdata/workflow_vars.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --branch develop testdata/workflow_vars.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --branch feat/x testdata/workflow_vars.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/workflow_escape.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/variable_refs.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/variable_refs_included.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/dead_rules.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/new_rules_valid.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/new_rules_invalid.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/samba/.gitlab-ci.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/samba/.gitlab-ci-coverage.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/samba/.gitlab-ci-private.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --format json testdata/valid.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --format sarif testdata/valid.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --format junit testdata/valid.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check --format github testdata/invalid.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/config_ignored/.gitlab-ci.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/config_severity/.gitlab-ci.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/config_suppress/.gitlab-ci.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/static_dead_rules.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/inherit_dead.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/inherit_dead_fields.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/rules_needs_valid.yml
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/rules_needs_invalid.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} explain GL007
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} explain gl042
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} explain GL044
+        ignore_error: false
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} check testdata/insecure_remote_include.yml
+        ignore_error: true
+      - cmd: ./{{.BINARY}} explain
         ignore_error: false
 
   lint-go:
     desc: Run go vet on all packages
     cmd: "{{.GO}} vet ./..."
 
+  lint-static:
+    desc: Run staticcheck on all packages
+    cmd: "{{.GO}} tool staticcheck ./..."
+
   ci:
-    desc: Full CI check — vet, test, build, validate
+    desc: Full CI check — vet, staticcheck, test, build, validate
     cmds:
       - task: lint-go
+      - task: lint-static
       - task: test
       - task: build
       - task: validate
@@ -87,7 +154,7 @@ tasks:
       - sh: git describe --tags --exact-match
         msg: "Current commit is not tagged — Windows build requires a git tag"
     cmds:
-      - "GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 {{.GO}} build -o {{.BINARY}}-{{.TAG}}.exe ./cmd/glint/..."
+      - "GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 {{.GO}} build -ldflags \"-X main.version={{.TAG}}\" -o {{.BINARY}}-{{.TAG}}.exe ./cmd/glint/..."
     sources:
       - "**/*.go"
       - go.mod
@@ -103,13 +170,46 @@ tasks:
       - sh: git describe --tags --exact-match
         msg: "Current commit is not tagged — Linux build requires a git tag"
     cmds:
-      - "GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 {{.GO}} build -o {{.BINARY}}-{{.TAG}}-linux-amd64 ./cmd/glint/..."
+      - "GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 {{.GO}} build -ldflags \"-X main.version={{.TAG}}\" -o {{.BINARY}}-{{.TAG}}-linux-amd64 ./cmd/glint/..."
     sources:
       - "**/*.go"
       - go.mod
     generates:
       - "{{.BINARY}}-{{.TAG}}-linux-amd64"
 
+  fuzz:
+    desc: "Run all fuzz targets (set FUZZ_TIME=60s to control per-target duration, default 30s)"
+    cmds:
+      - "{{.GO}} test -fuzz=FuzzParseBytes          -fuzztime=${FUZZ_TIME:-30s} ./internal/model/"
+      - "{{.GO}} test -fuzz=FuzzSanitizeYAMLEscapes -fuzztime=${FUZZ_TIME:-30s} ./internal/model/"
+      - "{{.GO}} test -fuzz=FuzzEvalIf              -fuzztime=${FUZZ_TIME:-30s} ./internal/cicontext/"
+      - "{{.GO}} test -fuzz=FuzzExpandVarRefs       -fuzztime=${FUZZ_TIME:-30s} ./internal/cicontext/"
+      - "{{.GO}} test -fuzz=FuzzLint                -fuzztime=${FUZZ_TIME:-30s} ./internal/linter/"
+
+  changelog:
+    desc: "Regenerate CHANGELOG.md from git history (requires git-cliff — see README)"
+    cmd: git cliff --config cliff.toml --output CHANGELOG.md
+
+  changelog-next:
+    desc: "Preview unreleased changelog entries without writing (requires git-cliff)"
+    cmd: git cliff --config cliff.toml --unreleased
+
+  ext-install:
+    desc: Install VS Code extension npm dependencies (run once after checkout)
+    dir: editors/vscode
+    cmd: npm install
+
+  ext-compile:
+    desc: Compile the VS Code extension TypeScript source
+    dir: editors/vscode
+    cmd: npm run compile
+
+  ext-package:
+    desc: Package the VS Code extension into a .vsix file
+    dir: editors/vscode
+    deps: [ext-compile]
+    cmd: npm run package
+
   clean:
     desc: Remove build artifacts
     cmd: rm -f {{.BINARY}} {{.BINARY}}-*.exe {{.BINARY}}-*-linux-amd64

USAGE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+# glint — usage reference
+
+Full examples and option descriptions for every command.
+For the lint rules reference see [FEATURES.md](FEATURES.md).
+
+---
+
+## `glint check`
+
+Lint a pipeline file. Exits `0` when no errors are found, `1` when at least
+one error is reported (warnings alone do not fail).
+
+```bash
+glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
+```
+
+### Output formats
+
+Pass `--format` to control the output. Plain text is the default.
+
+```bash
+# Default: ruff-style text (human-readable)
+glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# JSON — stable schema, machine-readable
+glint check --format json .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# SARIF 2.1.0 — GitHub Code Scanning / GitLab SAST
+glint check --format sarif .gitlab-ci.yml > glint.sarif
+
+# JUnit XML — CI test-report artifact (GitLab: artifacts:reports:junit)
+glint check --format junit .gitlab-ci.yml > glint-junit.xml
+
+# GitHub Actions annotations — inline PR diff comments
+glint check --format github .gitlab-ci.yml
+```
+
+In structured formats (`json`, `sarif`, `junit`, `github`) the summary line is
+written to stderr so stdout contains only the machine-readable payload.
+
+**JSON schema (`schema_version: 1`):**
+```json
+{
+  "schema_version": 1,
+  "glint_version": "v0.2.20",
+  "pipeline": ".gitlab-ci.yml",
+  "findings": [
+    {"rule":"GL004","severity":"error","file":".gitlab-ci.yml","line":14,
+     "job":"deploy","message":"stage \"production\" is not defined in 'stages'"}
+  ],
+  "summary": {"total": 1, "errors": 1, "warnings": 0}
+}
+```
+
+**GitHub annotation lines:**
+```
+::error file=.gitlab-ci.yml,line=14,title=GL004::job "deploy": stage "production" is not defined in 'stages'
+```
+
+### Context simulation
+
+Pass `--branch`, `--tag`, or `--source` to evaluate `rules:if:` and
+`only`/`except` against a specific pipeline event. The pipeline is still fully
+linted; the context summary is printed first. When no context flag is given,
+glint defaults to `--branch main --source push`.
+
+```bash
+# What runs on a push to develop?
+glint check --branch develop .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# What runs when a v1.2.0 tag is pushed?
+glint check --tag v1.2.0 .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Merge request pipeline
+glint check --source merge_request_event .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Arbitrary variable overrides (repeatable)
+glint check --branch main --var DEPLOY_ENV=production .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Debug variable resolution
+glint check --list-vars .gitlab-ci.yml
+```
+
+**Predefined variables** set by the shortcut flags:
+
+| Flag | Variables populated |
+|------|---------------------|
+| `--branch NAME` | `CI_COMMIT_BRANCH`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG`, `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push` |
+| `--tag NAME` | `CI_COMMIT_TAG`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME`, `CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG`, `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push`; clears `CI_COMMIT_BRANCH` |
+| `--source EVENT` | `CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE` |
+| `--var KEY=VALUE` | any variable; overrides shortcuts; repeatable |
+
+### Remote project includes
+
+Provide a token so glint can fetch `include: project:` templates:
+
+```bash
+# Personal access token (read_api scope)
+GITLAB_TOKEN=glpat-xxxx glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# CI/CD job token (when running inside a pipeline)
+CI_JOB_TOKEN=$CI_JOB_TOKEN glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Self-hosted GitLab
+GITLAB_TOKEN=glpat-xxxx GITLAB_URL=https://gitlab.example.com glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Via flags (override env vars)
+glint check --token glpat-xxxx --gitlab-url https://gitlab.example.com .gitlab-ci.yml
+```
+
+Project includes are skipped with a warning when no token is available; linting
+continues with whatever is resolved.
+
+**Token resolution order** (first non-empty wins):
+
+| Source | Header |
+|--------|--------|
+| `--token` flag / `GITLAB_TOKEN` env | `PRIVATE-TOKEN` |
+| `CI_JOB_TOKEN` env | `JOB-TOKEN` |
+| `GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN` env | `PRIVATE-TOKEN` |
+
+**URL resolution order:** `--gitlab-url` flag → `CI_SERVER_URL` env → `GITLAB_URL` env → `https://gitlab.com`
+
+### Include cache and offline mode
+
+```bash
+# Cache fetched templates to disk (keyed by SHA-256 of the request coordinates)
+glint check --cache-dir ~/.cache/glint .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Fully offline — serve from cache, warn on misses, make no network calls
+glint check --offline .gitlab-ci.yml
+glint check --offline --cache-dir /path/to/cache .gitlab-ci.yml
+```
+
+`--offline` without `--cache-dir` uses `~/.cache/glint` automatically.
+There is no automatic cache expiry; delete the directory or individual entries
+to force a re-fetch.
+
+### Component reference format
+
+`include: component:` references follow the format:
+
+```
+<host>/<project-path>/<component-name>@<version>
+
+gitlab.com/components/secret-detection/secret-detection@v0.1.0
+gitlab.com/my-org/ci-catalog/lint@main
+gitlab.example.com/platform/components/build@~latest
+```
+
+The component file is looked up in order:
+1. `templates/<component-name>.yml` (single-file layout)
+2. `templates/<component-name>/template.yml` (directory layout)
+
+Public Catalog components work without a token. `with:` input parameters are
+substituted locally before parsing; they are not validated against the
+component spec.
+
+### Example output
+
+```
+# Clean pipeline
+Context: branch=main, source=push
+
+Active  (5): build, deploy-staging, test, lint, security-scan
+
+OK: .gitlab-ci.yml — no issues found (5 job(s), 3 stage(s))
+
+# With --branch develop
+Context: branch=develop, source=push
+
+Active  (3): build, deploy-staging, test
+Skipped (2): deploy-prod, release-notes
+
+OK: .gitlab-ci.yml — no issues found (5 job(s), 3 stage(s))
+
+# Pipeline with issues
+.gitlab-ci.yml:14: GL004 [error] job "deploy": stage "production" is not defined in 'stages'
+.gitlab-ci.yml:22: GL027 [error] job "test": needs unknown job "build-app"
+.gitlab-ci.yml:31: GL007 [warning] job "old-job": 'only'/'except' are deprecated; prefer 'rules'
+
+3 finding(s): 2 error(s)
+```
+
+---
+
+## `glint graph`
+
+Visualise the pipeline. Without a mode word, prints a job tree and the include
+dependency graph separated by `---`.
+
+```bash
+# Default: job tree + include dependency graph
+glint graph .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Job tree only
+glint graph tree .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Job tree with context (shows active/manual/skipped annotations)
+glint graph tree --branch develop .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Include dependency graph → Mermaid flowchart to stdout
+glint graph includes .gitlab-ci.yml > includes.mmd
+
+# GitLab-like pipeline layout → PNG/SVG written to --out dir
+glint graph pipeline .gitlab-ci.yml
+# prints the output path, e.g.: glint-out/pipeline-20260614-143022.png
+
+# Pipeline graph with skipped-job colouring (grey out context-unreachable jobs)
+glint graph pipeline --branch main .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Interactive HTML with pan/zoom and job-detail sidebar
+glint graph pipeline --format html .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Mermaid flowchart of the pipeline to stdout
+glint graph pipeline --format mermaid .gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# Mermaid includes graph to stdout + pipeline SVG file path to stderr
+glint graph all .gitlab-ci.yml > includes.mmd
+
+# Custom output directory
+glint graph pipeline --out /tmp/graphs .gitlab-ci.yml
+```
+
+**Job tree** — stages as branches, jobs as leaves; annotated with `[manual]`,
+`[delayed]`, `[trigger]` where applicable. Context flags apply the same
+evaluation as `glint check`.
+
+**Include graph** — [Mermaid](https://mermaid.js.org) flowchart; pipe to `.mmd`
+or paste into [mermaid.live](https://mermaid.live). Nodes are colour-coded by
+include type: orange (main file), purple (project), green (component), blue
+(local), grey (remote URL), light orange (GitLab template).
+
+**Pipeline graph** — GitLab CI-style SVG rendered to a timestamped file.
+Converted to PNG when `rsvg-convert`, `inkscape`, or `magick` is available.
+
+**Pipeline graph formats** (`--format`):
+
+| Flag | Output |
+|------|--------|
+| `svg` (default) | Write SVG/PNG to `--out` |
+| `html` | Write self-contained HTML to `--out` — inline SVG with mouse pan/zoom, drag, and a job-detail sidebar that opens on chip click |
+| `mermaid` | Print Mermaid flowchart to stdout |
+
+**Visual chip styles:**
+
+| Type | Colour | Icon | Border |
+|------|--------|------|--------|
+| regular | blue `#1f75cb` | checkmark | solid |
+| manual | orange `#fc6d26` | play triangle | solid |
+| trigger | purple `#6b4fbb` | chevron | solid |
+| delayed | yellow `#fca326` | clock | solid |
+| on_failure | red `#d9534f` | X mark | dashed |
+| skipped (context) | grey `#868686` | none | solid |
+
+Pass context flags (`--branch`, `--tag`, `--source`, `--var`) to grey out jobs
+that would be skipped in the given pipeline event.
+DAG mode (Bézier arrows between jobs) activates automatically when any job has
+a `needs:` list; classic mode uses stage-column connectors otherwise.
+
+---
+
+## `glint explain`
+
+Print the documentation for a specific lint rule.
+
+```bash
+# Description, example, and fix for GL007
+glint explain GL007
+
+# Case-insensitive
+glint explain gl007
+
+# List all rules with ID, severity, and title
+glint explain
+```
+
+---
+
+## Project configuration (`.glint.yml`)
+
+Place a `.glint.yml` anywhere in the directory tree from the pipeline file up
+to the first `.git` boundary. glint searches upward and uses the first file it
+finds.
+
+```yaml
+# Suppress rules globally for this project.
+ignore:
+  - GL007   # migrating from only:/except:
+  - GL032   # dynamic variables injected by CI
+
+# Override rule severity: error | warning | ignore
+# 'ignore' is equivalent to listing the rule under ignore:.
+severity:
+  GL004: warning   # demote during a stage migration
+  GL035: error     # promote to hard error for this project
+
+# Extra stage names valid beyond those declared in the pipeline YAML
+# (e.g. injected by an include template you don't own).
+stages:
+  - quality
+  - security
+
+# Default token — lower priority than --token and GITLAB_TOKEN.
+token: glpat-xxxx
+
+# Default GitLab instance URL.
+url: https://gitlab.example.com
+
+# Default cache directory for fetched remote includes.
+cache_dir: ~/.cache/glint
+```
+
+**Priority chain:** `--token`/`--gitlab-url` flags > `.glint.yml` > environment variables.
+
+---
+
+## Inline suppression (`# glint: ignore`)
+
+Suppress a finding for a specific job by placing a comment immediately before
+the job definition in the pipeline YAML:
+
+```yaml
+# glint: ignore GL007
+legacy-job:
+  stage: build
+  only: [main]
+  script: echo ok
+
+# Multiple rules — comma- or space-separated:
+# glint: ignore GL007, GL032
+other-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo ok
+
+# Suppress every rule for this job:
+# glint: ignore all
+noisy-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo ok
+```
+
+Suppressions are scoped to the single job they precede and do not affect other
+jobs or pipeline-level findings. For project-wide suppression, use `.glint.yml`
+`ignore:` instead.

action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# GitHub Actions composite action — glint pipeline validator
+#
+# To use this action, mirror this repository to GitHub as k3nny/glint, then:
+#
+#   - uses: k3nny/glint@v0.2.28
+#     with:
+#       file: .gitlab-ci.yml   # optional
+#
+# Alternatively, copy this file into your own repository and reference it
+# as a local action:
+#
+#   - uses: ./.github/actions/glint
+
+name: 'glint'
+description: 'Validate a GitLab CI pipeline file with glint'
+author: 'k3nny'
+
+branding:
+  icon: 'check-circle'
+  color: 'orange'
+
+inputs:
+  version:
+    description: >-
+      glint release tag to install (e.g. 'v0.2.28'). Defaults to 'latest'
+      which resolves to the newest published release.
+    required: false
+    default: 'latest'
+  file:
+    description: 'Path to the pipeline file to validate.'
+    required: false
+    default: '.gitlab-ci.yml'
+  args:
+    description: 'Additional arguments passed to glint check (e.g. --format sarif).'
+    required: false
+    default: ''
+
+runs:
+  using: 'composite'
+  steps:
+    - name: Install glint
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        GLINT_VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
+      run: |
+        set -euo pipefail
+        if [ "$GLINT_VERSION" = "latest" ]; then
+          GLINT_VERSION=$(curl -sf \
+            "https://git.k3nny.fr/api/v1/repos/k3nny/glint/releases?limit=1" \
+            | grep '"tag_name"' | head -1 | cut -d'"' -f4)
+        fi
+        DEST="$RUNNER_TEMP/glint-bin"
+        mkdir -p "$DEST"
+        URL="https://git.k3nny.fr/k3nny/glint/releases/download/${GLINT_VERSION}/glint-${GLINT_VERSION}-linux-amd64"
+        curl -sfL "$URL" -o "$DEST/glint"
+        chmod +x "$DEST/glint"
+        echo "$DEST" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+        "$DEST/glint" --version
+
+    - name: Run glint check
+      shell: bash
+      run: glint check ${{ inputs.args }} "${{ inputs.file }}"

cliff.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# git-cliff configuration for glint
+# Install: brew install git-cliff  OR  cargo install git-cliff
+# Usage:   task changelog            -- regenerate full CHANGELOG.md
+#          task changelog-next       -- preview unreleased section (dry-run)
+
+[changelog]
+header = """
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/).
+This project uses [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org).
+"""
+body = """
+{% if version %}\
+## [{{ version | trim_start_matches(pat="v") }}] - {{ timestamp | date(format="%Y-%m-%d") }}
+
+{% else %}\
+## [Unreleased]
+
+{% endif %}\
+{% for group, commits in commits | group_by(attribute="group") %}\
+### {{ group | upper_first }}
+
+{% for commit in commits %}\
+- {% if commit.scope %}**{{ commit.scope }}**: {% endif %}\
+{{ commit.message | upper_first }}\
+{% if commit.breaking %} **[BREAKING]**{% endif %}
+
+{% endfor %}\
+{% endfor %}\
+"""
+trim = true
+footer = ""
+postprocessors = []
+
+[git]
+conventional_commits = true
+filter_unconventional = true
+split_commits = false
+commit_preprocessors = [
+  # Drop Co-Authored-By trailers (should not appear in subjects, but guard anyway).
+  { pattern = "Co-Authored-By:.*", replace = "" },
+]
+commit_parsers = [
+  # Breaking changes (type! or scope!) — promote above everything else.
+  { message = "^[a-z]+\\([a-z-]+\\)!:|^[a-z]+!:", group = "Breaking Changes" },
+  { message = "^feat",     group = "Added" },
+  { message = "^fix",      group = "Fixed" },
+  { message = "^perf",     group = "Changed" },
+  { message = "^refactor", group = "Changed" },
+  # Maintenance commits — omit from the changelog body.
+  { message = "^docs",   skip = true },
+  { message = "^style",  skip = true },
+  { message = "^test",   skip = true },
+  { message = "^chore",  skip = true },
+  { message = "^build",  skip = true },
+  { message = "^claude", skip = true },
+]
+protect_breaking_commits = false
+filter_commits = true
+tag_pattern = "v[0-9].*"
+topo_order = false
+sort_commits = "oldest"

cmd/glint/explain.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
+)
+
+func cmdExplain(args []string) {
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		printRuleList()
+		return
+	}
+	ruleID := strings.ToUpper(args[0])
+	entry, ok := linter.RuleCatalog[ruleID]
+	if !ok {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint explain: unknown rule %q\n\nRun 'glint explain' to list all rules.\n", ruleID)
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+	printRuleEntry(ruleID, entry)
+}
+
+func printRuleEntry(id string, e linter.RuleEntry) {
+	sev := strings.ToLower(string(e.Severity))
+	header := fmt.Sprintf("%s  [%s]  %s", id, sev, e.Title)
+	rule := fmt.Sprintf("\n%s\n%s\n\n%s\n",
+		header,
+		strings.Repeat("─", len(header)),
+		e.Description,
+	)
+	fmt.Print(rule)
+
+	if e.Example != "" {
+		fmt.Println("Example:")
+		fmt.Println()
+		for _, line := range strings.Split(e.Example, "\n") {
+			fmt.Printf("  %s\n", line)
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+	}
+
+	if e.Fix != "" {
+		fmt.Println("Fix:")
+		fmt.Println()
+		for _, line := range strings.Split(e.Fix, "\n") {
+			fmt.Printf("  %s\n", line)
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+	}
+}
+
+func printRuleList() {
+	ids := make([]string, 0, len(linter.RuleCatalog))
+	for id := range linter.RuleCatalog {
+		ids = append(ids, id)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(ids)
+
+	fmt.Printf("glint %s — lint rules\n\n", version)
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		e := linter.RuleCatalog[id]
+		sev := strings.ToLower(string(e.Severity))
+		fmt.Printf("  %-6s  [%-7s]  %s\n", id, sev, e.Title)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("\nUse 'glint explain <RULE>' for details on a specific rule.")
+}

cmd/glint/filter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/config"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
+)
+
+// applyConfig filters and adjusts findings according to the project config
+// and inline suppression comments parsed from the pipeline YAML.
+//
+// Processing order:
+//  1. Build a combined ignore set from config.Ignore and any severity entry
+//     whose value is "ignore".
+//  2. Drop findings whose rule is in the ignore set.
+//  3. Drop findings suppressed by an inline "# glint: ignore" comment on the
+//     job definition (from p.Suppressions).
+//  4. Apply severity overrides ("error" / "warning") from config.Severity.
+func applyConfig(findings []linter.Finding, cfg config.Config, suppressions map[string][]string) []linter.Finding {
+	// Build the global ignore set (uppercased rule IDs).
+	ignoreSet := make(map[string]bool, len(cfg.Ignore))
+	for _, r := range cfg.Ignore {
+		ignoreSet[strings.ToUpper(r)] = true
+	}
+	// Severity entries with value "ignore" are equivalent to Ignore entries.
+	sevMap := make(map[string]string, len(cfg.Severity)) // upperRule → lowerLevel
+	for rule, sev := range cfg.Severity {
+		upper := strings.ToUpper(rule)
+		lower := strings.ToLower(sev)
+		sevMap[upper] = lower
+		if lower == "ignore" {
+			ignoreSet[upper] = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(ignoreSet) == 0 && len(sevMap) == 0 && len(suppressions) == 0 {
+		return findings
+	}
+
+	kept := findings[:0:0] // reuse underlying array but return fresh slice
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		ruleUpper := strings.ToUpper(f.Rule)
+
+		// Global ignore.
+		if ignoreSet[ruleUpper] {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Inline suppression.
+		if isSuppressed(f.Job, ruleUpper, suppressions) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Severity override.
+		if level, ok := sevMap[ruleUpper]; ok {
+			switch level {
+			case "error":
+				f.Severity = linter.Error
+			case "warning":
+				f.Severity = linter.Warning
+			}
+		}
+
+		kept = append(kept, f)
+	}
+	return kept
+}
+
+// isSuppressed reports whether jobName has a "# glint: ignore" directive that
+// covers ruleUpper. The wildcard entry "*" (from "# glint: ignore all")
+// suppresses every rule.
+func isSuppressed(jobName, ruleUpper string, suppressions map[string][]string) bool {
+	if jobName == "" || len(suppressions) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	rules, ok := suppressions[jobName]
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, r := range rules {
+		if r == "*" || r == ruleUpper {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

cmd/glint/filter_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/config"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
+)
+
+func TestApplyConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	findings := []linter.Finding{
+		{Severity: linter.Error, Rule: "GL004", Job: "deploy", File: "ci.yml", Line: 10, Message: "bad stage"},
+		{Severity: linter.Warning, Rule: "GL007", Job: "old-job", File: "ci.yml", Line: 20, Message: "deprecated"},
+		{Severity: linter.Warning, Rule: "GL032", Job: "check", File: "ci.yml", Line: 30, Message: "var ref"},
+	}
+
+	t.Run("no config — pass through", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := applyConfig(findings, config.Config{}, nil)
+		if len(got) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("got %d findings, want 3", len(got))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("ignore GL007", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg := config.Config{Ignore: []string{"GL007"}}
+		got := applyConfig(findings, cfg, nil)
+		if len(got) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("got %d findings, want 2", len(got))
+		}
+		for _, f := range got {
+			if f.Rule == "GL007" {
+				t.Error("GL007 should be suppressed")
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("ignore case-insensitive", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg := config.Config{Ignore: []string{"gl007"}}
+		got := applyConfig(findings, cfg, nil)
+		if len(got) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("got %d, want 2", len(got))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("severity demote error to warning", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg := config.Config{Severity: map[string]string{"GL004": "warning"}}
+		got := applyConfig(findings, cfg, nil)
+		if len(got) != 3 {
+			t.Fatalf("got %d findings, want 3", len(got))
+		}
+		if got[0].Severity != linter.Warning {
+			t.Errorf("GL004 severity = %s, want WARNING", got[0].Severity)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("severity promote warning to error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg := config.Config{Severity: map[string]string{"GL007": "error"}}
+		got := applyConfig(findings, cfg, nil)
+		if got[1].Severity != linter.Error {
+			t.Errorf("GL007 severity = %s, want ERROR", got[1].Severity)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("severity ignore is equivalent to ignore list", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg := config.Config{Severity: map[string]string{"GL032": "ignore"}}
+		got := applyConfig(findings, cfg, nil)
+		if len(got) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("got %d, want 2", len(got))
+		}
+		for _, f := range got {
+			if f.Rule == "GL032" {
+				t.Error("GL032 should be suppressed via severity=ignore")
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("inline suppression by job", func(t *testing.T) {
+		suppressions := map[string][]string{
+			"old-job": {"GL007"},
+		}
+		got := applyConfig(findings, config.Config{}, suppressions)
+		if len(got) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("got %d, want 2", len(got))
+		}
+		for _, f := range got {
+			if f.Job == "old-job" && f.Rule == "GL007" {
+				t.Error("old-job GL007 should be suppressed")
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("inline suppression wildcard", func(t *testing.T) {
+		suppressions := map[string][]string{
+			"old-job": {"*"},
+		}
+		got := applyConfig(findings, config.Config{}, suppressions)
+		// old-job had GL007; should be gone
+		if len(got) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("got %d, want 2", len(got))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("pipeline-level findings not suppressed by job comment", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pipelineFindings := []linter.Finding{
+			{Severity: linter.Error, Rule: "GL001", Job: "", File: "ci.yml", Line: 0, Message: "no stages"},
+		}
+		suppressions := map[string][]string{
+			"": {"GL001"}, // empty job key should not match pipeline-level
+		}
+		got := applyConfig(pipelineFindings, config.Config{}, suppressions)
+		// Pipeline-level findings (f.Job == "") are never suppressed by job comments.
+		if len(got) != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("got %d, want 1 (pipeline-level finding must not be suppressed)", len(got))
+		}
+	})
+}

cmd/glint/format.go

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
+)
+
+// --- JSON ---
+
+type jsonReport struct {
+	SchemaVersion int           `json:"schema_version"`
+	GlintVersion  string        `json:"glint_version"`
+	Pipeline      string        `json:"pipeline"`
+	Findings      []jsonFinding `json:"findings"`
+	Summary       jsonSummary   `json:"summary"`
+}
+
+type jsonFinding struct {
+	Rule     string `json:"rule,omitempty"`
+	Severity string `json:"severity"`
+	File     string `json:"file,omitempty"`
+	Line     int    `json:"line,omitempty"`
+	Job      string `json:"job,omitempty"`
+	Message  string `json:"message"`
+}
+
+type jsonSummary struct {
+	Total    int `json:"total"`
+	Errors   int `json:"errors"`
+	Warnings int `json:"warnings"`
+}
+
+func writeJSON(w io.Writer, findings []linter.Finding, pipeline string) {
+	errs, warns := countSeverities(findings)
+	jf := make([]jsonFinding, 0, len(findings))
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		jf = append(jf, jsonFinding{
+			Rule:     f.Rule,
+			Severity: strings.ToLower(string(f.Severity)),
+			File:     f.File,
+			Line:     f.Line,
+			Job:      f.Job,
+			Message:  f.Message,
+		})
+	}
+	report := jsonReport{
+		SchemaVersion: 1,
+		GlintVersion:  version,
+		Pipeline:      pipeline,
+		Findings:      jf,
+		Summary:       jsonSummary{Total: len(findings), Errors: errs, Warnings: warns},
+	}
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(w)
+	enc.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	_ = enc.Encode(report)
+}
+
+// --- SARIF 2.1.0 ---
+
+type sarifLog struct {
+	Schema  string     `json:"$schema"`
+	Version string     `json:"version"`
+	Runs    []sarifRun `json:"runs"`
+}
+
+type sarifRun struct {
+	Tool    sarifTool     `json:"tool"`
+	Results []sarifResult `json:"results"`
+}
+
+type sarifTool struct {
+	Driver sarifDriver `json:"driver"`
+}
+
+type sarifDriver struct {
+	Name           string      `json:"name"`
+	Version        string      `json:"version"`
+	InformationURI string      `json:"informationUri"`
+	Rules          []sarifRule `json:"rules"`
+}
+
+type sarifRule struct {
+	ID               string       `json:"id"`
+	ShortDescription sarifMessage `json:"shortDescription"`
+	HelpURI          string       `json:"helpUri,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type sarifMessage struct {
+	Text string `json:"text"`
+}
+
+type sarifResult struct {
+	RuleID    string          `json:"ruleId,omitempty"`
+	Level     string          `json:"level"`
+	Message   sarifMessage    `json:"message"`
+	Locations []sarifLocation `json:"locations,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type sarifLocation struct {
+	PhysicalLocation sarifPhysLoc `json:"physicalLocation"`
+}
+
+type sarifPhysLoc struct {
+	ArtifactLocation sarifArtifact `json:"artifactLocation"`
+	Region           *sarifRegion  `json:"region,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type sarifArtifact struct {
+	URI       string `json:"uri"`
+	URIBaseID string `json:"uriBaseId,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type sarifRegion struct {
+	StartLine int `json:"startLine"`
+}
+
+func writeSARIF(w io.Writer, findings []linter.Finding, _ string) {
+	// Collect unique rule IDs (preserving first-seen order).
+	seenRules := map[string]bool{}
+	var rules []sarifRule
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Rule != "" && !seenRules[f.Rule] {
+			seenRules[f.Rule] = true
+			rules = append(rules, sarifRule{
+				ID:               f.Rule,
+				ShortDescription: sarifMessage{Text: "glint rule " + f.Rule},
+				HelpURI:          "https://git.k3nny.fr/glint",
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	if rules == nil {
+		rules = []sarifRule{}
+	}
+
+	var results []sarifResult
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		level := "warning"
+		if f.Severity == linter.Error {
+			level = "error"
+		}
+		msg := f.Message
+		if f.Job != "" {
+			msg = fmt.Sprintf("job %q: %s", f.Job, msg)
+		}
+		result := sarifResult{
+			RuleID:  f.Rule,
+			Level:   level,
+			Message: sarifMessage{Text: msg},
+		}
+		if f.File != "" {
+			loc := sarifLocation{
+				PhysicalLocation: sarifPhysLoc{
+					ArtifactLocation: sarifArtifact{URI: f.File, URIBaseID: "%SRCROOT%"},
+				},
+			}
+			if f.Line > 0 {
+				loc.PhysicalLocation.Region = &sarifRegion{StartLine: f.Line}
+			}
+			result.Locations = []sarifLocation{loc}
+		}
+		results = append(results, result)
+	}
+	if results == nil {
+		results = []sarifResult{}
+	}
+
+	log := sarifLog{
+		Schema:  "https://json.schemastore.org/sarif-2.1.0.json",
+		Version: "2.1.0",
+		Runs: []sarifRun{{
+			Tool: sarifTool{Driver: sarifDriver{
+				Name:           "glint",
+				Version:        strings.TrimPrefix(version, "v"),
+				InformationURI: "https://git.k3nny.fr/glint",
+				Rules:          rules,
+			}},
+			Results: results,
+		}},
+	}
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(w)
+	enc.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	_ = enc.Encode(log)
+}
+
+// --- JUnit XML ---
+
+type junitTestsuites struct {
+	XMLName  xml.Name         `xml:"testsuites"`
+	Name     string           `xml:"name,attr"`
+	Tests    int              `xml:"tests,attr"`
+	Failures int              `xml:"failures,attr"`
+	Time     string           `xml:"time,attr"`
+	Suites   []junitTestsuite `xml:"testsuite"`
+}
+
+type junitTestsuite struct {
+	Name     string          `xml:"name,attr"`
+	Tests    int             `xml:"tests,attr"`
+	Failures int             `xml:"failures,attr"`
+	Time     string          `xml:"time,attr"`
+	Cases    []junitTestcase `xml:"testcase"`
+}
+
+type junitTestcase struct {
+	Name      string        `xml:"name,attr"`
+	Classname string        `xml:"classname,attr"`
+	Failure   *junitFailure `xml:"failure,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type junitFailure struct {
+	Message string `xml:"message,attr"`
+	Type    string `xml:"type,attr"`
+	Body    string `xml:",chardata"`
+}
+
+func writeJUnit(w io.Writer, findings []linter.Finding, pipeline string) {
+	_, fails := countSeverities(findings)
+	_ = fails // re-derive below to count both errors and warnings as failures
+
+	var cases []junitTestcase
+	if len(findings) == 0 {
+		cases = []junitTestcase{{Name: "no issues found", Classname: pipeline}}
+	} else {
+		for _, f := range findings {
+			name := f.Rule
+			if name == "" {
+				name = "lint"
+			}
+			classname := f.File
+			if classname == "" {
+				classname = pipeline
+			}
+			if f.Job != "" {
+				classname += "#" + f.Job
+			}
+			msg := f.Message
+			if f.Job != "" {
+				msg = fmt.Sprintf("job %q: %s", f.Job, msg)
+			}
+			cases = append(cases, junitTestcase{
+				Name:      name,
+				Classname: classname,
+				Failure: &junitFailure{
+					Message: msg,
+					Type:    strings.ToLower(string(f.Severity)),
+					Body:    f.String(),
+				},
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	suite := junitTestsuite{
+		Name:     pipeline,
+		Tests:    len(cases),
+		Failures: len(findings), // all findings are failures
+		Time:     "0",
+		Cases:    cases,
+	}
+	suites := junitTestsuites{
+		Name:     "glint",
+		Tests:    len(cases),
+		Failures: len(findings),
+		Time:     "0",
+		Suites:   []junitTestsuite{suite},
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprint(w, `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>`)
+	fmt.Fprintln(w)
+	enc := xml.NewEncoder(w)
+	enc.Indent("", "  ")
+	_ = enc.Encode(suites)
+	_ = enc.Flush()
+	fmt.Fprintln(w)
+}
+
+// --- GitHub Actions annotations ---
+
+// writeGitHub emits GitHub Actions workflow command annotation lines.
+// Each finding becomes an ::error:: or ::warning:: line that GitHub CI
+// renders as an inline comment on the relevant file in pull requests.
+func writeGitHub(w io.Writer, findings []linter.Finding) {
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		level := "warning"
+		if f.Severity == linter.Error {
+			level = "error"
+		}
+		msg := f.Message
+		if f.Job != "" {
+			msg = fmt.Sprintf("job %q: %s", f.Job, msg)
+		}
+		// GitHub annotation messages must not contain raw newlines, percent signs,
+		// carriage returns, or colons in the parameter block.
+		msg = strings.ReplaceAll(msg, "%", "%25")
+		msg = strings.ReplaceAll(msg, "\r", "%0D")
+		msg = strings.ReplaceAll(msg, "\n", "%0A")
+
+		var params []string
+		if f.File != "" {
+			params = append(params, "file="+f.File)
+			if f.Line > 0 {
+				params = append(params, fmt.Sprintf("line=%d", f.Line))
+			}
+		}
+		if f.Rule != "" {
+			params = append(params, "title="+f.Rule)
+		}
+
+		paramStr := ""
+		if len(params) > 0 {
+			paramStr = " " + strings.Join(params, ",")
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "::%s%s::%s\n", level, paramStr, msg)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- shared helpers ---
+
+func countSeverities(findings []linter.Finding) (errors, warnings int) {
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Severity == linter.Error {
+			errors++
+		} else {
+			warnings++
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}

cmd/glint/format_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
+)
+
+var testFindings = []linter.Finding{
+	{
+		Severity: linter.Error,
+		Rule:     "GL004",
+		Job:      "deploy",
+		File:     ".gitlab-ci.yml",
+		Line:     14,
+		Message:  `stage "production" is not defined in 'stages'`,
+	},
+	{
+		Severity: linter.Warning,
+		Rule:     "GL007",
+		Job:      "old-job",
+		File:     ".gitlab-ci.yml",
+		Line:     31,
+		Message:  "'only'/'except' are deprecated; prefer 'rules'",
+	},
+}
+
+func TestWriteJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("findings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		writeJSON(&buf, testFindings, ".gitlab-ci.yml")
+
+		var got jsonReport
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("invalid JSON: %v", err)
+		}
+		if got.SchemaVersion != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("schema_version = %d, want 1", got.SchemaVersion)
+		}
+		if len(got.Findings) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("got %d findings, want 2", len(got.Findings))
+		}
+		if got.Summary.Errors != 1 || got.Summary.Warnings != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("summary = %+v, want {2,1,1}", got.Summary)
+		}
+		if got.Findings[0].Rule != "GL004" || got.Findings[0].Severity != "error" {
+			t.Errorf("finding[0] = %+v", got.Findings[0])
+		}
+		if got.Findings[0].Job != "deploy" || got.Findings[0].Line != 14 {
+			t.Errorf("finding[0] job/line = %s/%d", got.Findings[0].Job, got.Findings[0].Line)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		writeJSON(&buf, nil, "ci.yml")
+
+		var got jsonReport
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("invalid JSON: %v", err)
+		}
+		if got.Findings == nil {
+			t.Error("findings must be [] not null")
+		}
+		if got.Summary.Total != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("total = %d, want 0", got.Summary.Total)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestWriteSARIF(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("findings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		writeSARIF(&buf, testFindings, ".gitlab-ci.yml")
+
+		var got sarifLog
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("invalid JSON: %v", err)
+		}
+		if got.Version != "2.1.0" {
+			t.Errorf("version = %q, want 2.1.0", got.Version)
+		}
+		if len(got.Runs) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("runs count = %d, want 1", len(got.Runs))
+		}
+		run := got.Runs[0]
+		if run.Tool.Driver.Name != "glint" {
+			t.Errorf("driver.name = %q", run.Tool.Driver.Name)
+		}
+		if len(run.Results) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("results count = %d, want 2", len(run.Results))
+		}
+		r0 := run.Results[0]
+		if r0.RuleID != "GL004" || r0.Level != "error" {
+			t.Errorf("result[0] ruleId/level = %s/%s", r0.RuleID, r0.Level)
+		}
+		if len(r0.Locations) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("result[0] locations count = %d, want 1", len(r0.Locations))
+		}
+		loc := r0.Locations[0].PhysicalLocation
+		if loc.ArtifactLocation.URI != ".gitlab-ci.yml" {
+			t.Errorf("artifactLocation.uri = %q", loc.ArtifactLocation.URI)
+		}
+		if loc.Region == nil || loc.Region.StartLine != 14 {
+			t.Errorf("region = %v", loc.Region)
+		}
+		// Message should include job name prefix.
+		if !strings.Contains(r0.Message.Text, `job "deploy"`) {
+			t.Errorf("message missing job prefix: %q", r0.Message.Text)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		writeSARIF(&buf, nil, "ci.yml")
+
+		var got sarifLog
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("invalid JSON: %v", err)
+		}
+		run := got.Runs[0]
+		if run.Results == nil {
+			t.Error("results must be [] not null")
+		}
+		if run.Tool.Driver.Rules == nil {
+			t.Error("rules must be [] not null")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestWriteJUnit(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("findings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		writeJUnit(&buf, testFindings, ".gitlab-ci.yml")
+
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(buf.String(), "<?xml") {
+			t.Error("output does not start with XML declaration")
+		}
+
+		var got junitTestsuites
+		if err := xml.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("invalid XML: %v\noutput:\n%s", err, buf.String())
+		}
+		if got.Failures != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("failures = %d, want 2", got.Failures)
+		}
+		if len(got.Suites) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("suites count = %d, want 1", len(got.Suites))
+		}
+		suite := got.Suites[0]
+		if len(suite.Cases) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("test cases count = %d, want 2", len(suite.Cases))
+		}
+		if suite.Cases[0].Name != "GL004" {
+			t.Errorf("case[0].name = %q", suite.Cases[0].Name)
+		}
+		if suite.Cases[0].Failure == nil {
+			t.Error("case[0] has no failure element")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty_is_passing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		writeJUnit(&buf, nil, "ci.yml")
+
+		var got junitTestsuites
+		if err := xml.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("invalid XML: %v", err)
+		}
+		if got.Failures != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("failures = %d, want 0", got.Failures)
+		}
+		suite := got.Suites[0]
+		if len(suite.Cases) != 1 || suite.Cases[0].Failure != nil {
+			t.Error("expected exactly one passing testcase when no findings")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestWriteGitHub(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		findings []linter.Finding
+		wantLine string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "error with file and line",
+			findings: []linter.Finding{testFindings[0]},
+			wantLine: "::error file=.gitlab-ci.yml,line=14,title=GL004::job \"deploy\": stage \"production\" is not defined in 'stages'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "warning",
+			findings: []linter.Finding{testFindings[1]},
+			wantLine: "::warning file=.gitlab-ci.yml,line=31,title=GL007::job \"old-job\": 'only'/'except' are deprecated; prefer 'rules'",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no file or line",
+			findings: []linter.Finding{{
+				Severity: linter.Error,
+				Rule:     "GL001",
+				Message:  "no stages defined",
+			}},
+			wantLine: "::error title=GL001::no stages defined",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var buf bytes.Buffer
+			writeGitHub(&buf, tc.findings)
+			got := strings.TrimRight(buf.String(), "\n")
+			if got != tc.wantLine {
+				t.Errorf("\ngot:  %s\nwant: %s", got, tc.wantLine)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCountSeverities(t *testing.T) {
+	errs, warns := countSeverities(testFindings)
+	if errs != 1 || warns != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("countSeverities = (%d, %d), want (1, 1)", errs, warns)
+	}
+}

cmd/glint/lsp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/config"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/lsp"
+)
+
+func cmdLSP(args []string) {
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("glint lsp", flag.ExitOnError)
+	token := fs.String("token", "", "GitLab personal access token (overrides GITLAB_TOKEN)")
+	gitlabURL := fs.String("gitlab-url", "", "GitLab instance URL (overrides CI_SERVER_URL / GITLAB_URL)")
+	cacheDir := fs.String("cache-dir", "", "directory for caching fetched remote includes")
+	offline := fs.Bool("offline", false, "skip all network calls; serve only from --cache-dir")
+	proxy := fs.String("proxy", "", "HTTP proxy URL for remote includes and GitLab API calls (e.g. http://proxy:8080); overrides system proxy env vars")
+	fs.Usage = func() {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint %s\n\n", version)
+		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, `Start a Language Server Protocol server for .gitlab-ci.yml files.
+
+Reads JSON-RPC 2.0 messages from stdin and writes responses to stdout using
+the standard Content-Length framing. Connect with any LSP client (VS Code,
+Neovim, Emacs, etc.).
+
+Usage: glint lsp [OPTIONS]
+
+Options:
+      --token <TOKEN>
+          GitLab personal access token used for resolving project: and
+          component: includes. Defaults to GITLAB_TOKEN env var.
+
+      --gitlab-url <URL>
+          GitLab instance URL for resolving remote includes.
+          [env: CI_SERVER_URL | GITLAB_URL] [default: https://gitlab.com]
+
+      --cache-dir <DIR>
+          Cache directory for fetched remote includes. Defaults to
+          ~/.cache/glint so subsequent opens are served from cache.
+
+      --offline
+          Do not make any network calls; resolve only local includes.
+          Implies --cache-dir default (~/.cache/glint) when not set.
+
+      --proxy <URL>
+          HTTP proxy URL for remote includes and GitLab API calls
+          (e.g. http://proxy:8080). Overrides system proxy env vars
+          (HTTP_PROXY / HTTPS_PROXY). Also configurable via proxy: in
+          .glint.yml.
+
+  -h, --help
+          Print help
+
+Examples:
+  glint lsp
+  glint lsp --token glpat-xxxx --cache-dir ~/.cache/glint
+  glint lsp --offline
+  glint lsp --proxy http://proxy.example.com:8080
+`)
+	}
+	_ = fs.Parse(args)
+
+	// Load project config from the working directory (the project root from
+	// which the LSP server is launched). CLI flags take priority.
+	wd, _ := os.Getwd()
+	glintCfg, cfgErr := config.Load(wd)
+	if cfgErr != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint lsp: [warning] %s: %v\n", config.Filename, cfgErr)
+	}
+
+	fetcherToken := *token
+	if fetcherToken == "" {
+		fetcherToken = glintCfg.Token
+	}
+	fetcherURL := *gitlabURL
+	if fetcherURL == "" {
+		fetcherURL = glintCfg.URL
+	}
+	resolvedCacheDir := *cacheDir
+	if resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = glintCfg.CacheDir
+	}
+	if resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = defaultCacheDir()
+	}
+	resolvedProxy := *proxy
+	if resolvedProxy == "" {
+		resolvedProxy = glintCfg.Proxy
+	}
+
+	cfg := fetcher.AutoConfig().WithOverrides(fetcherURL, fetcherToken, resolvedCacheDir, *offline).WithProxy(resolvedProxy)
+
+	srv := lsp.New(os.Stdin, os.Stdout, cfg, version)
+	if err := srv.Run(); err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint lsp: %v\n", err)
+		exit(2)
+	}
+}

cmd/glint/main.go

@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@ import (
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/cicontext"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/config"
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/graph"
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
@@ -16,16 +18,63 @@ import (
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/resolver"
 )
 
+// version is set at build time via -ldflags "-X main.version=vX.Y.Z".
+var version = "dev"
+
+// exit is a variable so tests can capture exit calls without terminating.
+var exit = os.Exit
+
+// userHomeDirFn is a variable so tests can simulate UserHomeDir failure.
+var userHomeDirFn = os.UserHomeDir
+
+// defaultCacheDir returns the platform-default glint cache directory:
+// $XDG_CACHE_HOME/glint or ~/.cache/glint.
+func defaultCacheDir() string {
+	if xdg := os.Getenv("XDG_CACHE_HOME"); xdg != "" {
+		return filepath.Join(xdg, "glint")
+	}
+	if home, err := userHomeDirFn(); err == nil {
+		return filepath.Join(home, ".cache", "glint")
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// execCommandOutput is a variable so tests can mock external command execution.
+var execCommandOutput = func(name string, args ...string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return exec.Command(name, args...).Output()
+}
+
+// gitDiffFiles runs "git diff --name-only <ref>" and returns the list of changed
+// file paths. Returns nil + error when the command fails (e.g. not in a git repo
+// or the ref doesn't exist).
+func gitDiffFiles(ref string) ([]string, error) {
+	out, err := execCommandOutput("git", "diff", "--name-only", ref)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("git diff --name-only %s: %w", ref, err)
+	}
+	var files []string
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), "\n") {
+		if line != "" {
+			files = append(files, line)
+		}
+	}
+	return files, nil
+}
+
 const globalUsage = `glint: Lint and visualise GitLab CI pipelines locally.
 
 Usage: glint [OPTIONS] <COMMAND>
 
 Commands:
-  check    Lint a pipeline file — exits 0 (clean) or 1 (errors found)
+  check    Lint a pipeline file — exits 0 (clean), 2 (errors), or 10 (warnings only)
+  render   Resolve all includes and extends into a single merged YAML file
   graph    Visualise the pipeline as a job tree or Mermaid graph
+  explain  Show description and fix for a lint rule (e.g. glint explain GL007)
+  lsp      Start a Language Server Protocol server (stdin/stdout)
 
 Options:
-  -h, --help  Print help
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -v, --version  Print version
 
 For help with a specific command, see: ` + "`glint <command> --help`" + `.
 `
@@ -33,18 +82,28 @@ For help with a specific command, see: ` + "`glint <command> --help`" + `.
 func main() {
 	if len(os.Args) < 2 {
 		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, globalUsage)
-		os.Exit(2)
+		exit(2)
+		return
 	}
 	switch os.Args[1] {
 	case "check":
 		cmdCheck(os.Args[2:])
+	case "render":
+		cmdRender(os.Args[2:])
 	case "graph":
 		cmdGraph(os.Args[2:])
+	case "explain":
+		cmdExplain(os.Args[2:])
+	case "lsp":
+		cmdLSP(os.Args[2:])
 	case "-h", "--help", "help":
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint %s\n\n", version)
 		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, globalUsage)
+	case "-v", "--version", "version":
+		fmt.Printf("glint %s\n", version)
 	default:
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint: unknown command %q\n\n%s", os.Args[1], globalUsage)
-		os.Exit(2)
+		exit(2)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -61,16 +120,32 @@ func cmdCheck(args []string) {
 	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("glint check", flag.ExitOnError)
 	token := fs.String("token", "", "GitLab personal access token (overrides GITLAB_TOKEN)")
 	gitlabURL := fs.String("gitlab-url", "", "GitLab instance URL (overrides CI_SERVER_URL / GITLAB_URL)")
+	cacheDir := fs.String("cache-dir", "", "directory to cache fetched remote includes (created if needed)")
+	offline := fs.Bool("offline", false, "skip all network calls; serve only from --cache-dir")
+	proxy := fs.String("proxy", "", "HTTP proxy URL for remote includes and GitLab API calls (e.g. http://proxy:8080); overrides system proxy env vars")
+	format := fs.String("format", "text", "output format: text, json, sarif, junit, github")
+	noWarn := fs.Bool("no-warn", false, "suppress warning findings; only errors are shown and affect the exit code")
 	branch := fs.String("branch", "", "simulate a branch push (sets CI_COMMIT_BRANCH, …)")
 	tag := fs.String("tag", "", "simulate a tag push (sets CI_COMMIT_TAG, …)")
 	source := fs.String("source", "", "set CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE")
+	listVars := fs.Bool("list-vars", false, "print all collected pipeline variables (from root and included files) to stderr, then continue")
 	var vars multiFlag
 	fs.Var(&vars, "var", "set a CI variable as KEY=VALUE; repeatable")
+	var changesFiles multiFlag
+	fs.Var(&changesFiles, "changes", "mark a file path as changed for rules:changes: evaluation; repeatable")
+	changesFrom := fs.String("changes-from", "", "git ref to diff against for rules:changes: evaluation (e.g. HEAD~1, origin/main)")
+	var contexts multiFlag
+	fs.Var(&contexts, "context", "simulation context as KEY=VALUE[,...]; repeatable for multi-context comparison table")
 	fs.Usage = func() {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint %s\n\n", version)
 		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, `Lint a GitLab CI pipeline file.
 
 Resolves local includes and extends chains, then runs all lint rules.
-Exits 0 when no errors are found, 1 when at least one error is reported.
+
+Exit codes:
+  0   no findings (clean)
+  2   one or more errors
+  10  one or more warnings, no errors
 
 Usage: glint check [OPTIONS] <PIPELINE>
 
@@ -78,6 +153,14 @@ Arguments:
   <PIPELINE>  Path to the .gitlab-ci.yml file to lint
 
 Options:
+      --format <FORMAT>
+          Output format for findings.
+          [default: text] [possible values: text, json, sarif, junit, github]
+
+      --no-warn
+          Suppress warning findings. Only errors are printed and counted toward
+          the exit code; warnings are ignored entirely.
+
       --token <TOKEN>
           GitLab personal access token. Required to fetch project: includes;
           component: includes are attempted unauthenticated.
@@ -87,9 +170,21 @@ Options:
           GitLab instance URL.
           [env: CI_SERVER_URL | GITLAB_URL] [default: https://gitlab.com]
 
+      --cache-dir <DIR>
+          Cache fetched remote templates (project: and component: includes) in
+          DIR. The directory is created on first use. Subsequent runs read from
+          cache first, avoiding repeated network calls.
+
+      --offline
+          Do not make any network calls. All remote includes must already be
+          present in --cache-dir; missing entries emit a warning (same as
+          having no token). Implies the default cache dir (~/.cache/glint) when
+          --cache-dir is not set.
+
       --branch <NAME>
           Simulate a branch push. Populates: CI_COMMIT_BRANCH,
           CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME, CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG, CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push.
+          [default: main]
 
       --tag <NAME>
           Simulate a tag push. Populates: CI_COMMIT_TAG, CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME,
@@ -97,82 +192,279 @@ Options:
 
       --source <EVENT>
           Override CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE.
-          [possible values: push, merge_request_event, schedule, web, api]
+          [default: push] [possible values: push, merge_request_event, schedule, web, api]
 
       --var <KEY=VALUE>
           Set or override a CI variable. Takes precedence over --branch, --tag,
           and --source. Repeatable.
 
+      --changes <PATH>
+          Mark a file as changed for rules:changes: evaluation. Repeatable.
+          When given, only jobs whose rules:changes: patterns match at least one
+          --changes path will have that rule fire; without --changes or
+          --changes-from the condition is treated as always matching (permissive).
+
+      --changes-from <REF>
+          Run "git diff --name-only <REF>" to determine changed files for
+          rules:changes: evaluation. Combined with --changes if both are given.
+
+      --context <KEY=VALUE[,...]>
+          Define a simulation context. Repeatable: each --context flag adds one
+          column to a comparison table showing every job's state across contexts.
+          Known keys: branch, tag, source. Any other KEY=VALUE is treated as a
+          CI variable override. Examples:
+            --context branch=main --context branch=develop
+            --context tag=v1.0.0
+            --context branch=main,DEPLOY_ENV=prod
+
+      --list-vars
+          Print all pipeline-level variables collected from the root file and
+          every included file (sorted KEY=VALUE) to stderr, then continue
+          normally. Useful for debugging variable resolution and GL032 findings.
+
   -h, --help
           Print help
 
+Note: when none of --branch, --tag, --source, or --var are given, glint
+defaults to --branch main --source push so that rules:if: expressions are
+always evaluated.
+
 Examples:
   glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
-  glint check --branch main .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --format json .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --format sarif .gitlab-ci.yml | upload-to-github-code-scanning
+  glint check --format junit .gitlab-ci.yml > junit.xml
+  glint check --format github .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --branch develop .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --tag v1.0.0 .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --source merge_request_event .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --list-vars .gitlab-ci.yml
   GITLAB_TOKEN=glpat-xxxx glint check .gitlab-ci.yml
   glint check --token glpat-xxxx --gitlab-url https://gitlab.example.com .gitlab-ci.yml
   glint check --branch main --var DEPLOY_ENV=production .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --cache-dir ~/.cache/glint .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --offline --cache-dir ~/.cache/glint .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --changes src/main.go --changes Dockerfile .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --changes-from origin/main .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --context branch=main --context branch=develop .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint check --context branch=main --context tag=v1.0.0 --context source=schedule .gitlab-ci.yml
 `)
 	}
 	_ = fs.Parse(args)
 
+	// Apply implicit defaults only in single-context mode when no flags are given.
+	if len(contexts) == 0 && *branch == "" && *tag == "" && *source == "" && len(vars) == 0 {
+		*branch = "main"
+		*source = "push"
+	}
+
+	validFormats := map[string]bool{
+		"text": true, "json": true, "sarif": true, "junit": true, "github": true,
+	}
+	if !validFormats[*format] {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint: unknown format %q; valid: text, json, sarif, junit, github\n", *format)
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+
 	if fs.NArg() != 1 {
 		fs.Usage()
-		os.Exit(2)
+		exit(2)
+		return
 	}
 	path := fs.Arg(0)
+	rootDir := filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(path))
 
-	cfg := fetcher.AutoConfig().WithOverrides(*gitlabURL, *token)
+	// Load project config (.glint.yml), searching from the pipeline directory
+	// up to the git root.
+	glintCfg, cfgErr := config.Load(rootDir)
+	if cfgErr != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] %s: %v\n", path, config.Filename, cfgErr)
+	}
+
+	// CLI flags take priority over config file values, which take priority over
+	// environment variables (read by AutoConfig).
+	fetcherToken := *token
+	if fetcherToken == "" {
+		fetcherToken = glintCfg.Token
+	}
+	fetcherURL := *gitlabURL
+	if fetcherURL == "" {
+		fetcherURL = glintCfg.URL
+	}
+	resolvedCacheDir := *cacheDir
+	if resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = glintCfg.CacheDir
+	}
+	if *offline && resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = defaultCacheDir()
+	}
+	resolvedProxy := *proxy
+	if resolvedProxy == "" {
+		resolvedProxy = glintCfg.Proxy
+	}
+
+	cfg := fetcher.AutoConfig().WithOverrides(fetcherURL, fetcherToken, resolvedCacheDir, *offline).WithProxy(resolvedProxy)
 
 	p, err := model.Parse(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: %v\n", err)
-		os.Exit(2)
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Merge config-defined stages into the pipeline before linting so that
+	// GL004 does not fire for jobs in stages declared only in .glint.yml.
+	stageSet := make(map[string]bool, len(p.Stages))
+	for _, s := range p.Stages {
+		stageSet[s] = true
+	}
+	for _, s := range glintCfg.Stages {
+		if !stageSet[s] {
+			p.Stages = append(p.Stages, s)
+			stageSet[s] = true
+		}
 	}
 
-	rootDir := filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(path))
 	warnings, _ := resolver.ResolveIncludes(p, cfg, rootDir)
 	for _, w := range warnings {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "[WARNING] include %s\n", w)
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] include %s\n", path, w)
 	}
 
 	extWarnings, err := resolver.Resolve(p)
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: resolving extends: %v\n", err)
-		os.Exit(2)
+		exit(2)
+		return
 	}
 	for _, w := range extWarnings {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "[WARNING] job %q extends unknown job %q; extends chain skipped\n", w.Job, w.Base)
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] job %q extends unknown job %q; extends chain skipped\n", path, w.Job, w.Base)
 	}
 
-	ctx := cicontext.New(*branch, *tag, *source, vars)
-	if !ctx.IsEmpty() {
-		printContext(p, ctx)
-	}
-
-	findings := linter.Lint(p)
-	hasErrors := false
-	for _, f := range findings {
-		fmt.Println(f)
-		if f.Severity == linter.Error {
-			hasErrors = true
+	// Compute changed files once; shared across single and multi-context modes.
+	var allChanged []string
+	var changesReliable bool
+	if *changesFrom != "" || len(changesFiles) > 0 {
+		changesReliable = len(changesFiles) > 0
+		if *changesFrom != "" {
+			files, err := gitDiffFiles(*changesFrom)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] --changes-from: %v\n", path, err)
+			} else {
+				allChanged = append(allChanged, files...)
+				changesReliable = true
+			}
 		}
+		allChanged = append(allChanged, changesFiles...)
+		if changesReliable && allChanged == nil {
+			allChanged = []string{}
+		}
+	}
+
+	var skipped map[string]bool // jobs excluded from cross-job lint checks
+
+	if len(contexts) > 0 {
+		// Multi-context mode: build one context per --context flag, then print a comparison table.
+		ctxList := make([]*cicontext.Context, 0, len(contexts))
+		runs := make([]bool, 0, len(contexts))
+		for _, spec := range contexts {
+			cb, ct, cs, cv := parseContextSpec(spec)
+			c := cicontext.New(cb, ct, cs, cv)
+			if changesReliable {
+				c.SetChangedFiles(allChanged)
+			}
+			ran := enrichContext(c, p)
+			ctxList = append(ctxList, c)
+			runs = append(runs, ran)
+		}
+		if *format == "text" {
+			printContextTable(p, ctxList, contexts, runs)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Single-context mode: existing flow.
+		ctx := cicontext.New(*branch, *tag, *source, vars)
+		if changesReliable {
+			ctx.SetChangedFiles(allChanged)
+		}
+		if !ctx.IsEmpty() {
+			if !enrichContext(ctx, p) {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] workflow:rules: pipeline would not start for this context\n", path)
+			}
+			// Build skipped set: jobs statically unreachable in this context are
+			// excluded from needs:/dependencies: cross-checks to avoid false positives.
+			skipped = make(map[string]bool)
+			for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+				if cicontext.EvalJob(job, ctx) == cicontext.JobSkipped {
+					skipped[name] = true
+				}
+			}
+			if len(skipped) == 0 {
+				skipped = nil
+			}
+		}
+		if *listVars {
+			printVars(p, ctx)
+		}
+		// Context summary only makes sense in plain-text output; suppress it in
+		// structured formats so stdout contains only the machine-readable payload.
+		if !ctx.IsEmpty() && *format == "text" {
+			printContext(p, ctx)
+		}
+	}
+
+	findings := linter.Lint(p, skipped)
+	findings = applyConfig(findings, glintCfg, p.Suppressions)
+
+	// --no-warn: discard warnings before any output or exit-code calculation.
+	if *noWarn {
+		kept := findings[:0]
+		for _, f := range findings {
+			if f.Severity != linter.Warning {
+				kept = append(kept, f)
+			}
+		}
+		findings = kept
+	}
+
+	errCount, warnCount := countSeverities(findings)
+
+	// In structured formats the summary line goes to stderr so stdout is clean.
+	summaryOut := os.Stdout
+	if *format != "text" {
+		summaryOut = os.Stderr
+	}
+
+	switch *format {
+	case "json":
+		writeJSON(os.Stdout, findings, path)
+	case "sarif":
+		writeSARIF(os.Stdout, findings, path)
+	case "junit":
+		writeJUnit(os.Stdout, findings, path)
+	case "github":
+		writeGitHub(os.Stdout, findings)
+	default: // "text"
+		writeTextFindings(os.Stdout, findings)
 	}
 
 	if len(findings) == 0 {
-		fmt.Printf("OK: %s — no issues found (%d job(s), %d stage(s))\n", path, len(p.Jobs), len(p.Stages))
+		fmt.Fprintf(summaryOut, "OK: %s — no issues found (%d job(s), %d stage(s))\n", path, len(p.Jobs), len(p.Stages))
 	} else {
-		errCount := 0
-		for _, f := range findings {
-			if f.Severity == linter.Error {
-				errCount++
-			}
+		switch {
+		case errCount > 0 && warnCount > 0:
+			fmt.Fprintf(summaryOut, "%d finding(s): %d error(s), %d warning(s)\n", len(findings), errCount, warnCount)
+		case errCount > 0:
+			fmt.Fprintf(summaryOut, "%d finding(s): %d error(s)\n", len(findings), errCount)
+		default:
+			fmt.Fprintf(summaryOut, "%d finding(s): %d warning(s)\n", len(findings), warnCount)
 		}
-		fmt.Printf("%d finding(s): %d error(s)\n", len(findings), errCount)
 	}
 
-	if hasErrors {
-		os.Exit(1)
+	switch {
+	case errCount > 0:
+		exit(2)
+	case warnCount > 0:
+		exit(10)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -191,8 +483,13 @@ func cmdGraph(args []string) {
 	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("glint graph", flag.ExitOnError)
 	token := fs.String("token", "", "GitLab personal access token (overrides GITLAB_TOKEN)")
 	gitlabURL := fs.String("gitlab-url", "", "GitLab instance URL (overrides CI_SERVER_URL / GITLAB_URL)")
-	out := fs.String("out", "glint-out", "output directory for Mermaid graph files (pipeline mode)")
+	cacheDir := fs.String("cache-dir", "", "directory to cache fetched remote includes (created if needed)")
+	offline := fs.Bool("offline", false, "skip all network calls; serve only from --cache-dir")
+	proxy := fs.String("proxy", "", "HTTP proxy URL for remote includes and GitLab API calls (e.g. http://proxy:8080)")
+	out := fs.String("out", "glint-out", "output directory for rendered graph files (pipeline mode)")
+	format := fs.String("format", "svg", "pipeline output format: svg, mermaid, or html")
 	fs.Usage = func() {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint %s\n\n", version)
 		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, `Visualise the pipeline as a job tree and/or Mermaid graph.
 
 Usage: glint graph [MODE] [OPTIONS] <PIPELINE>
@@ -207,6 +504,15 @@ Options:
           Output directory for rendered graph files.
           Used by the pipeline and all modes only. [default: glint-out]
 
+      --format <FORMAT>
+          Output format for pipeline mode: svg (default), mermaid, or html.
+          svg:     write a GitLab CI-style SVG/PNG to --out (converted to PNG
+                   when rsvg-convert, inkscape, or magick is available).
+          mermaid: print a Mermaid flowchart to stdout (paste into mermaid.live).
+          html:    write a self-contained HTML file with pan/zoom and a
+                   job-detail sidebar to --out.
+          [default: svg] [possible values: svg, mermaid, html]
+
       --token <TOKEN>
           GitLab personal access token. Used to fetch remote project: includes
           when building the include dependency graph.
@@ -221,6 +527,7 @@ Options:
           evaluated state ([skipped] or [manual]; no tag means active).
           Populates: CI_COMMIT_BRANCH, CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME, CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG,
           CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE=push.
+          [default: main]
 
       --tag <NAME>
           Simulate a tag push. Populates: CI_COMMIT_TAG, CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME,
@@ -228,50 +535,152 @@ Options:
 
       --source <EVENT>
           Override CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE.
-          [possible values: push, merge_request_event, schedule, web, api]
+          [default: push] [possible values: push, merge_request_event, schedule, web, api]
 
       --var <KEY=VALUE>
           Set or override a CI variable. Repeatable.
 
+      --changes <PATH>
+          Mark a file path as changed for rules:changes: evaluation. Repeatable.
+
+      --changes-from <REF>
+          Run "git diff --name-only <REF>" to determine changed files for
+          rules:changes: evaluation.
+
+      --no-skipped
+          Omit jobs that would be skipped in the given context. Requires at
+          least one context flag (--branch, --tag, --source, --var) or the
+          implicit default context (branch=main). Skipped jobs are removed
+          from the tree, SVG, HTML, and Mermaid output entirely.
+
+      --list-vars
+          Print all pipeline-level variables collected from the root file and
+          every included file (sorted KEY=VALUE) to stderr, then continue
+          normally. Useful for debugging variable resolution.
+
   -h, --help
           Print help
 
+Note: when none of --branch, --tag, --source, or --var are given, glint
+defaults to --branch main --source push so that rules:if: expressions are
+always evaluated.
+
 Examples:
   glint graph .gitlab-ci.yml
   glint graph tree .gitlab-ci.yml
-  glint graph tree --branch main .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint graph tree --branch develop .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint graph tree --tag v1.0.0 .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint graph tree --list-vars .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint graph tree --changes src/main.go .gitlab-ci.yml
   glint graph includes .gitlab-ci.yml > includes.mmd
   glint graph pipeline .gitlab-ci.yml
   glint graph pipeline --out /tmp/graphs .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint graph pipeline --format mermaid .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint graph pipeline --format html .gitlab-ci.yml
   glint graph all .gitlab-ci.yml > includes.mmd
 `)
 	}
 	branch := fs.String("branch", "", "simulate a branch push (sets CI_COMMIT_BRANCH, …)")
 	tag := fs.String("tag", "", "simulate a tag push (sets CI_COMMIT_TAG, …)")
 	source := fs.String("source", "", "set CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE")
+	noSkipped := fs.Bool("no-skipped", false, "hide jobs that would be skipped in the given context (requires a context)")
+	listVars := fs.Bool("list-vars", false, "print all collected pipeline variables to stderr, then continue")
 	var vars multiFlag
 	fs.Var(&vars, "var", "set a CI variable as KEY=VALUE; repeatable")
+	var changesFiles multiFlag
+	fs.Var(&changesFiles, "changes", "mark a file path as changed for rules:changes: evaluation; repeatable")
+	changesFrom := fs.String("changes-from", "", "git ref to diff against for rules:changes: evaluation (e.g. HEAD~1, origin/main)")
 	_ = fs.Parse(args)
 
+	// Apply implicit defaults when no context flag is given at all.
+	if *branch == "" && *tag == "" && *source == "" && len(vars) == 0 {
+		*branch = "main"
+		*source = "push"
+	}
+
 	if fs.NArg() != 1 {
 		fs.Usage()
-		os.Exit(2)
+		exit(2)
+		return
 	}
 	path := fs.Arg(0)
+	rootDir := filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(path))
 
-	cfg := fetcher.AutoConfig().WithOverrides(*gitlabURL, *token)
+	glintCfg, cfgErr := config.Load(rootDir)
+	if cfgErr != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] %s: %v\n", path, config.Filename, cfgErr)
+	}
+
+	fetcherToken := *token
+	if fetcherToken == "" {
+		fetcherToken = glintCfg.Token
+	}
+	fetcherURL := *gitlabURL
+	if fetcherURL == "" {
+		fetcherURL = glintCfg.URL
+	}
+	resolvedCacheDir := *cacheDir
+	if resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = glintCfg.CacheDir
+	}
+	if *offline && resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = defaultCacheDir()
+	}
+	resolvedProxy := *proxy
+	if resolvedProxy == "" {
+		resolvedProxy = glintCfg.Proxy
+	}
+
+	cfg := fetcher.AutoConfig().WithOverrides(fetcherURL, fetcherToken, resolvedCacheDir, *offline).WithProxy(resolvedProxy)
 
 	p, err := model.Parse(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: %v\n", err)
-		os.Exit(2)
+		exit(2)
+		return
 	}
 
-	rootDir := filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(path))
 	resolver.ResolveIncludes(p, cfg, rootDir) //nolint:errcheck
-	resolver.Resolve(p)                        //nolint:errcheck
+	resolver.Resolve(p)                       //nolint:errcheck
 
 	ctx := cicontext.New(*branch, *tag, *source, vars)
+	// Wire up rules:changes: evaluation when file-change data is provided.
+	if *changesFrom != "" || len(changesFiles) > 0 {
+		var allChanged []string
+		reliable := len(changesFiles) > 0
+		if *changesFrom != "" {
+			files, err := gitDiffFiles(*changesFrom)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] --changes-from: %v\n", path, err)
+			} else {
+				allChanged = append(allChanged, files...)
+				reliable = true
+			}
+		}
+		allChanged = append(allChanged, changesFiles...)
+		if reliable {
+			if allChanged == nil {
+				allChanged = []string{}
+			}
+			ctx.SetChangedFiles(allChanged)
+		}
+	}
+	if !ctx.IsEmpty() {
+		enrichContext(ctx, p)
+	}
+	if *listVars {
+		printVars(p, ctx)
+	}
+
+	// --no-skipped: remove jobs that evaluate to skipped in the current context
+	// before handing the pipeline to any graph function.
+	if *noSkipped && !ctx.IsEmpty() {
+		for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+			if !strings.HasPrefix(name, ".") && cicontext.EvalJob(job, ctx) == cicontext.JobSkipped {
+				delete(p.Jobs, name)
+			}
+		}
+	}
 
 	switch mode {
 	case "default":
@@ -283,23 +692,117 @@ Examples:
 	case "includes":
 		fmt.Print(graph.Includes(path, p.Include, cfg))
 	case "pipeline":
-		outPath, err := graph.RenderPipeline(p, *out)
-		if err != nil {
-			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: rendering pipeline graph: %v\n", err)
-			os.Exit(2)
+		switch *format {
+		case "mermaid":
+			fmt.Print(graph.Pipeline(p))
+		case "html":
+			outPath, err := graph.RenderHTML(p, *out, ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: rendering pipeline graph: %v\n", err)
+				exit(2)
+				return
+			}
+			fmt.Println(outPath)
+		default: // "svg"
+			outPath, err := graph.RenderPipeline(p, *out, ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: rendering pipeline graph: %v\n", err)
+				exit(2)
+				return
+			}
+			fmt.Println(outPath)
 		}
-		fmt.Println(outPath)
 	case "all":
 		fmt.Print(graph.Includes(path, p.Include, cfg))
-		outPath, err := graph.RenderPipeline(p, *out)
+		outPath, err := graph.RenderPipeline(p, *out, ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: rendering pipeline graph: %v\n", err)
-			os.Exit(2)
+			exit(2)
+			return
 		}
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, outPath)
 	}
 }
 
+// printVars prints the collected variable namespaces to stderr:
+//  1. Pipeline variables — declared in variables: blocks across the root file
+//     and all included files (merged by ResolveIncludes).
+//  2. Workflow-rule variables — union of variables: from every workflow:rules
+//     entry; any one of them may be injected at runtime.
+//  3. Effective context variables — only when ctx is non-empty; shows the
+//     fully merged set visible to job rules:if: after enrichContext.
+func printVars(p *model.Pipeline, ctx *cicontext.Context) {
+	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Pipeline variables (YAML, root + includes):")
+	printVarMap(p.Variables)
+
+	if p.Workflow != nil {
+		union := map[string]any{}
+		for _, rule := range p.Workflow.Rules {
+			for k, v := range rule.Variables {
+				union[k] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if len(union) > 0 {
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Workflow-rule variables (union across all rules):")
+			printVarMap(union)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !ctx.IsEmpty() {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Effective context variables (after workflow + CLI flags):")
+		keys := make([]string, 0, len(ctx.Vars))
+		for k := range ctx.Vars {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		sort.Strings(keys)
+		for _, k := range keys {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  %s=%s\n", k, ctx.Vars[k])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func printVarMap(m map[string]any) {
+	keys := make([]string, 0, len(m))
+	for k := range m {
+		keys = append(keys, k)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(keys)
+	if len(keys) == 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  (none)")
+		return
+	}
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  %s=%s\n", k, varValueString(m[k]))
+	}
+}
+
+func varValueString(v any) string {
+	if s, ok := cicontext.ScalarString(v); ok {
+		return s
+	}
+	return "(complex)"
+}
+
+// enrichContext injects pipeline-level variable defaults and then
+// workflow-rule-generated variables into ctx before job evaluation.
+// Injection respects pinned variables (--branch/--tag/--source/--var always win).
+// Returns false when workflow:rules: would prevent the pipeline from starting.
+func enrichContext(ctx *cicontext.Context, p *model.Pipeline) bool {
+	// Pipeline variables: injected as defaults (lowest priority).
+	for k, v := range cicontext.ExtractStringVars(p.Variables) {
+		ctx.Inject(k, v)
+	}
+	// Workflow rules: evaluate to find which rule matches, then inject its variables.
+	runs, ruleVars := cicontext.EvalWorkflow(p, ctx)
+	for k, v := range ruleVars {
+		ctx.Inject(k, v)
+	}
+	// Expand $VAR / ${VAR} references within variable values now that all
+	// sources (pipeline, workflow rules, CLI) have been merged.
+	ctx.ExpandVars()
+	return runs
+}
+
 func printContext(p *model.Pipeline, ctx *cicontext.Context) {
 	fmt.Printf("Context: %s\n\n", ctx.Summary())
 
@@ -327,3 +830,136 @@ func printJobGroup(label string, jobs []string) {
 	}
 	fmt.Printf("%s (%d): %s\n", label, len(jobs), strings.Join(jobs, ", "))
 }
+
+// parseContextSpec parses "branch=main,DEPLOY_ENV=prod" into its parts.
+// Known keys (branch, tag, source) are extracted; everything else goes into extraVars.
+func parseContextSpec(spec string) (branch, tag, source string, extraVars []string) {
+	for _, kv := range strings.Split(spec, ",") {
+		kv = strings.TrimSpace(kv)
+		if kv == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		parts := strings.SplitN(kv, "=", 2)
+		key := parts[0]
+		val := ""
+		if len(parts) == 2 {
+			val = parts[1]
+		}
+		switch strings.ToLower(key) {
+		case "branch":
+			branch = val
+		case "tag":
+			tag = val
+		case "source":
+			source = val
+		default:
+			extraVars = append(extraVars, kv)
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// sortedJobNames returns non-hidden job names ordered by stage position, then alphabetically.
+func sortedJobNames(p *model.Pipeline) []string {
+	stageIdx := make(map[string]int, len(p.Stages))
+	for i, s := range p.Stages {
+		stageIdx[s] = i
+	}
+	type entry struct {
+		name  string
+		stage int
+	}
+	entries := make([]entry, 0, len(p.Jobs))
+	for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(name, ".") {
+			continue
+		}
+		idx, ok := stageIdx[job.Stage]
+		if !ok {
+			idx = len(p.Stages)
+		}
+		entries = append(entries, entry{name: name, stage: idx})
+	}
+	sort.Slice(entries, func(i, j int) bool {
+		if entries[i].stage != entries[j].stage {
+			return entries[i].stage < entries[j].stage
+		}
+		return entries[i].name < entries[j].name
+	})
+	names := make([]string, len(entries))
+	for i, e := range entries {
+		names[i] = e.name
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+// printContextTable prints a side-by-side comparison of job states across contexts.
+func printContextTable(p *model.Pipeline, ctxs []*cicontext.Context, labels []string, runs []bool) {
+	jobs := sortedJobNames(p)
+	if len(jobs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Evaluate all jobs for all contexts up front so we can compute column widths.
+	states := make([][]string, len(jobs))
+	for r, name := range jobs {
+		states[r] = make([]string, len(ctxs))
+		for c, ctx := range ctxs {
+			if !runs[c] {
+				states[r][c] = "blocked"
+			} else {
+				switch cicontext.EvalJob(p.Jobs[name], ctx) {
+				case cicontext.JobActive:
+					states[r][c] = "active"
+				case cicontext.JobManual:
+					states[r][c] = "manual"
+				default:
+					states[r][c] = "skipped"
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Compute column widths.
+	jobCol := len("JOB")
+	for _, name := range jobs {
+		if len(name) > jobCol {
+			jobCol = len(name)
+		}
+	}
+	ctxCols := make([]int, len(labels))
+	for i, lbl := range labels {
+		ctxCols[i] = len(lbl)
+	}
+	for r := range jobs {
+		for c, s := range states[r] {
+			if len(s) > ctxCols[c] {
+				ctxCols[c] = len(s)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Print header.
+	fmt.Println("Context comparison:")
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Printf("%-*s", jobCol, "JOB")
+	for i, lbl := range labels {
+		fmt.Printf("  %-*s", ctxCols[i], lbl)
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Print(strings.Repeat("-", jobCol))
+	for _, w := range ctxCols {
+		fmt.Print("  " + strings.Repeat("-", w))
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	// Print rows.
+	for r, name := range jobs {
+		fmt.Printf("%-*s", jobCol, name)
+		for c, s := range states[r] {
+			fmt.Printf("  %-*s", ctxCols[c], s)
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+}

cmd/glint/output.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
+)
+
+// ANSI escape sequences used for colorized output.
+const (
+	ansiReset  = "\033[0m"
+	ansiBold   = "\033[1m"
+	ansiDim    = "\033[2m"
+	ansiRed    = "\033[31m"
+	ansiOrange = "\033[33m" // rendered as orange/amber in most terminals
+)
+
+// colorEnabled reports whether ANSI color should be used when writing to w.
+// Colors are suppressed when NO_COLOR is set or when w is not a terminal.
+func colorEnabled(w io.Writer) bool {
+	if os.Getenv("NO_COLOR") != "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	f, ok := w.(*os.File)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	fi, err := f.Stat()
+	return err == nil && (fi.Mode()&os.ModeCharDevice) != 0
+}
+
+// writeTextFindings prints findings in a columnized format with optional
+// ANSI color. All findings are scanned first to compute column widths so
+// that each field aligns across all output lines.
+//
+// Output columns (space-separated, no borders):
+//
+//	location   RULE   severity   message
+func writeTextFindings(w io.Writer, findings []linter.Finding) {
+	if len(findings) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	color := colorEnabled(w)
+
+	// Pre-compute locations and maximum location width.
+	locs := make([]string, len(findings))
+	maxLoc := 0
+	for i, f := range findings {
+		locs[i] = findingLocation(f)
+		if len(locs[i]) > maxLoc {
+			maxLoc = len(locs[i])
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Rule IDs are always 5 chars (GL001–GL999).
+	const ruleWidth = 5
+	// Severity width: "warning" = 7 chars.
+	const sevWidth = 7
+
+	for i, f := range findings {
+		loc := locs[i]
+		rule := f.Rule
+		sev := strings.ToLower(string(f.Severity))
+
+		msg := f.Message
+		if f.Job != "" {
+			msg = fmt.Sprintf("job %q: %s", f.Job, msg)
+		}
+
+		if color {
+			var sevSeq string
+			if f.Severity == linter.Error {
+				sevSeq = ansiRed + ansiBold
+			} else {
+				sevSeq = ansiOrange + ansiBold
+			}
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s%-*s%s  %s%-*s%s  %s%-*s%s  %s\n",
+				ansiDim, maxLoc, loc, ansiReset,
+				ansiBold, ruleWidth, rule, ansiReset,
+				sevSeq, sevWidth, sev, ansiReset,
+				msg,
+			)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, "%-*s  %-*s  %-*s  %s\n",
+				maxLoc, loc,
+				ruleWidth, rule,
+				sevWidth, sev,
+				msg,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// findingLocation formats the file:line:col location string for a finding.
+func findingLocation(f linter.Finding) string {
+	if f.File == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	switch {
+	case f.Line > 0 && f.Column > 0:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d:%d", f.File, f.Line, f.Column)
+	case f.Line > 0:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", f.File, f.Line)
+	default:
+		return f.File
+	}
+}

cmd/glint/render.go

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/config"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/resolver"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+func cmdRender(args []string) {
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("glint render", flag.ExitOnError)
+	output := fs.String("output", "", "output file path (default: rendered.gitlab-ci.yml; use - for stdout)")
+	token := fs.String("token", "", "GitLab personal access token (overrides GITLAB_TOKEN)")
+	gitlabURL := fs.String("gitlab-url", "", "GitLab instance URL (overrides CI_SERVER_URL / GITLAB_URL)")
+	cacheDir := fs.String("cache-dir", "", "directory to cache fetched remote includes")
+	offline := fs.Bool("offline", false, "skip all network calls; serve only from --cache-dir")
+	proxy := fs.String("proxy", "", "HTTP proxy URL for remote includes (e.g. http://proxy:8080)")
+	fs.Usage = func() {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "glint %s\n\n", version)
+		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, `Resolve all includes and extends into a single merged YAML file.
+
+Performs the same include resolution and extends merging that GitLab CI
+does server-side, then writes the fully flattened pipeline to a single file.
+Useful for inspecting the resolved pipeline or running further local tooling.
+
+The output file strips 'include:' (consumed by resolution) and 'extends:'
+(applied to each job) keys. All other fields are preserved verbatim.
+Template jobs (names starting with '.') are retained.
+
+Usage: glint render [OPTIONS] <PIPELINE>
+
+Arguments:
+  <PIPELINE>  Path to the .gitlab-ci.yml file to resolve
+
+Options:
+      --output <FILE>
+          Write the rendered pipeline to FILE.
+          Use '-' to write to stdout.
+          [default: rendered.gitlab-ci.yml]
+
+      --token <TOKEN>
+          GitLab personal access token for fetching project: and component:
+          includes.
+          [env: GITLAB_TOKEN | CI_JOB_TOKEN | GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN]
+
+      --gitlab-url <URL>
+          GitLab instance URL.
+          [env: CI_SERVER_URL | GITLAB_URL] [default: https://gitlab.com]
+
+      --cache-dir <DIR>
+          Cache directory for fetched remote includes.
+
+      --offline
+          Do not make any network calls; use cache only.
+
+      --proxy <URL>
+          HTTP proxy URL for remote includes and GitLab API calls.
+
+  -h, --help
+          Print help
+
+Examples:
+  glint render .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint render --output merged.yml .gitlab-ci.yml
+  glint render --output - .gitlab-ci.yml | yq .
+  glint render --offline --cache-dir ~/.cache/glint .gitlab-ci.yml
+`)
+	}
+	_ = fs.Parse(args)
+
+	if fs.NArg() != 1 {
+		fs.Usage()
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+	path := fs.Arg(0)
+	rootDir := filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(path))
+
+	glintCfg, cfgErr := config.Load(rootDir)
+	if cfgErr != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] %s: %v\n", path, config.Filename, cfgErr)
+	}
+
+	fetcherToken := *token
+	if fetcherToken == "" {
+		fetcherToken = glintCfg.Token
+	}
+	fetcherURL := *gitlabURL
+	if fetcherURL == "" {
+		fetcherURL = glintCfg.URL
+	}
+	resolvedCacheDir := *cacheDir
+	if resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = glintCfg.CacheDir
+	}
+	if *offline && resolvedCacheDir == "" {
+		resolvedCacheDir = defaultCacheDir()
+	}
+	resolvedProxy := *proxy
+	if resolvedProxy == "" {
+		resolvedProxy = glintCfg.Proxy
+	}
+
+	cfg := fetcher.AutoConfig().WithOverrides(fetcherURL, fetcherToken, resolvedCacheDir, *offline).WithProxy(resolvedProxy)
+
+	p, err := model.Parse(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: %v\n", err)
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+
+	warnings, _ := resolver.ResolveIncludes(p, cfg, rootDir)
+	for _, w := range warnings {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] include %s\n", path, w)
+	}
+
+	extWarnings, err := resolver.Resolve(p)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: resolving extends: %v\n", err)
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+	for _, w := range extWarnings {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s: [warning] job %q extends unknown job %q; extends chain skipped\n", path, w.Job, w.Base)
+	}
+
+	doc, err := buildRenderDoc(p)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: building output: %v\n", err)
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+
+	outPath := *output
+	if outPath == "" {
+		outPath = "rendered.gitlab-ci.yml"
+	}
+
+	var w interface{ Write([]byte) (int, error) }
+	if outPath == "-" {
+		w = os.Stdout
+	} else {
+		f, err := os.Create(outPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: creating output file: %v\n", err)
+			exit(2)
+			return
+		}
+		defer f.Close()
+		w = f
+	}
+
+	enc := yaml.NewEncoder(w)
+	enc.SetIndent(2)
+	if err := enc.Encode(doc); err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: writing output: %v\n", err)
+		exit(2)
+		return
+	}
+	_ = enc.Close()
+
+	if outPath != "-" {
+		jobCount := 0
+		for name := range p.Jobs {
+			if !strings.HasPrefix(name, ".") {
+				jobCount++
+			}
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "rendered: %s (%d job(s), %d stage(s))\n", outPath, jobCount, len(p.Stages))
+	}
+}
+
+// buildRenderDoc constructs an ordered yaml.Node document from the resolved
+// pipeline. Pipeline-level keys (stages, variables, default, workflow) come
+// first, followed by template jobs (.name) then regular jobs, both sorted
+// alphabetically. 'include:' and 'extends:' are omitted — they have been
+// consumed by the resolution passes.
+func buildRenderDoc(p *model.Pipeline) (*yaml.Node, error) {
+	root := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.MappingNode, Tag: "!!map"}
+
+	addField := func(key string, val any) error {
+		n, err := anyToNode(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("encoding %q: %w", key, err)
+		}
+		root.Content = append(root.Content,
+			&yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: key},
+			n,
+		)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if len(p.Stages) > 0 {
+		if err := addField("stages", p.Stages); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if len(p.Variables) > 0 {
+		if err := addField("variables", p.Variables); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if p.Default != nil {
+		if err := addField("default", p.Default); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if p.Workflow != nil {
+		if err := addField("workflow", p.Workflow); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Collect and sort job names: template jobs first, then regular jobs.
+	var templates, regular []string
+	for name := range p.RawJobs {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(name, ".") {
+			templates = append(templates, name)
+		} else {
+			regular = append(regular, name)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(templates)
+	sort.Strings(regular)
+
+	for _, name := range append(templates, regular...) {
+		raw := p.RawJobs[name]
+		// Copy to avoid mutating the shared map; strip resolution-consumed keys.
+		cleaned := make(map[string]any, len(raw))
+		for k, v := range raw {
+			if k == "extends" {
+				continue
+			}
+			cleaned[k] = v
+		}
+		if err := addField(name, cleaned); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	doc := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.DocumentNode, Content: []*yaml.Node{root}}
+	return doc, nil
+}
+
+// anyToNode converts an arbitrary Go value to a *yaml.Node by round-tripping
+// through yaml.Marshal / yaml.Unmarshal, which preserves all value types.
+func anyToNode(v any) (*yaml.Node, error) {
+	data, err := yaml.Marshal(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var doc yaml.Node
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &doc); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if doc.Kind == yaml.DocumentNode && len(doc.Content) > 0 {
+		return doc.Content[0], nil
+	}
+	return &doc, nil
+}

editors/vscode/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+node_modules/
+out/
+*.vsix

editors/vscode/.vscodeignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+src/**
+tsconfig.json
+.gitignore
+node_modules/**
+!node_modules/vscode-languageclient/**
+!node_modules/vscode-languageserver-protocol/**
+!node_modules/vscode-languageserver-types/**
+!node_modules/vscode-jsonrpc/**

editors/vscode/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+{
+  "name": "glint",
+  "displayName": "glint — GitLab CI Linter",
+  "description": "Inline diagnostics for .gitlab-ci.yml pipelines powered by the glint language server",
+  "version": "0.2.29",
+  "publisher": "k3nny",
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "https://git.k3nny.fr/k3nny/glint"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "vscode": "^1.82.0"
+  },
+  "categories": [
+    "Linters"
+  ],
+  "keywords": [
+    "gitlab",
+    "ci",
+    "yaml",
+    "lint",
+    "pipeline"
+  ],
+  "activationEvents": [
+    "onLanguage:yaml"
+  ],
+  "main": "./out/extension.js",
+  "contributes": {
+    "configuration": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "title": "glint",
+      "properties": {
+        "glint.executablePath": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "default": "glint",
+          "markdownDescription": "Path to the `glint` binary. Leave as `glint` if it is on your `PATH`, or set an absolute path (e.g. `/usr/local/bin/glint`)."
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "compile": "tsc -p ./",
+    "watch": "tsc --watch -p ./",
+    "package": "vsce package"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "vscode-languageclient": "^9.0.1"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@types/node": "^20",
+    "@types/vscode": "^1.82.0",
+    "@vscode/vsce": "^2.22.0",
+    "typescript": "^5.3.0"
+  }
+}

editors/vscode/src/extension.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import * as vscode from 'vscode';
+import {
+  LanguageClient,
+  LanguageClientOptions,
+  ServerOptions,
+  TransportKind,
+} from 'vscode-languageclient/node';
+
+let client: LanguageClient | undefined;
+
+export function activate(context: vscode.ExtensionContext): void {
+  const cfg = vscode.workspace.getConfiguration('glint');
+  const glintPath = cfg.get<string>('executablePath') || 'glint';
+
+  const serverOptions: ServerOptions = {
+    command: glintPath,
+    args: ['lsp'],
+    transport: TransportKind.stdio,
+  };
+
+  const clientOptions: LanguageClientOptions = {
+    // Only process .gitlab-ci.yml files, not all YAML.
+    documentSelector: [
+      { scheme: 'file', language: 'yaml', pattern: '**/.gitlab-ci.yml' },
+    ],
+  };
+
+  client = new LanguageClient(
+    'glint',
+    'glint — GitLab CI Linter',
+    serverOptions,
+    clientOptions,
+  );
+
+  client.start();
+  context.subscriptions.push(client);
+}
+
+export async function deactivate(): Promise<void> {
+  await client?.stop();
+}

editors/vscode/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "module": "commonjs",
+    "target": "ES2020",
+    "lib": ["ES2020"],
+    "outDir": "out",
+    "rootDir": "src",
+    "strict": true,
+    "sourceMap": true,
+    "esModuleInterop": true,
+    "skipLibCheck": true
+  },
+  "include": ["src"],
+  "exclude": ["node_modules", "out"]
+}

go.mod

@@ -2,4 +2,15 @@ module git.k3nny.fr/glint
 
 go 1.26.4
 
-require gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
+require gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
+
+require (
+	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.1-0.20240526193622-a339e1f7089c // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp/typeparams v0.0.0-20231108232855-2478ac86f678 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.35.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.20.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.44.1-0.20260420230617-19499e7caabc // indirect
+	honnef.co/go/tools v0.8.0-rc.1 // indirect
+)
+
+tool honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck

go.sum

@@ -1,3 +1,20 @@
+github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.1-0.20240526193622-a339e1f7089c h1:pxW6RcqyfI9/kWtOwnv/G+AzdKuy2ZrqINhenH4HyNs=
+github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.1-0.20240526193622-a339e1f7089c/go.mod h1:ukJfTF/6rtPPRCnwkur4qwRxa8vTRFBF0uk2lLoLwho=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 h1:wk8382ETsv4JYUZwIsn6YpYiWiBsYLSJiTsyBybVuN8=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0/go.mod h1:pXiqmnSA92OHEEa9HXL2W4E7lf9JzCmGVUdgjX3N/iU=
+golang.org/x/exp/typeparams v0.0.0-20231108232855-2478ac86f678 h1:1P7xPZEwZMoBoz0Yze5Nx2/4pxj6nw9ZqHWXqP0iRgQ=
+golang.org/x/exp/typeparams v0.0.0-20231108232855-2478ac86f678/go.mod h1:AbB0pIl9nAr9wVwH+Z2ZpaocVmF5I4GyWCDIsVjR0bk=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.35.0 h1:Ww1D637e6Pg+Zb2KrWfHQUnH2dQRLBQyAtpr/haaJeM=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.35.0/go.mod h1:+GwiRhIInF8wPm+4AoT6L0FA1QWAad3OMdTRx4tFYlU=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.20.0 h1:e0PTpb7pjO8GAtTs2dQ6jYa5BWYlMuX047Dco/pItO4=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.20.0/go.mod h1:9xrNwdLfx4jkKbNva9FpL6vEN7evnE43NNNJQ2LF3+0=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.44.1-0.20260420230617-19499e7caabc h1:vSv/HN1q9eoPD7lMyJYVJ/GPYnqtqu6adMxUmrxOB78=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.44.1-0.20260420230617-19499e7caabc/go.mod h1:KA0AfVErSdxRZIsOVipbv3rQhVXTnlU6UhKxHd1seDI=
+golang.org/x/tools/go/expect v0.1.1-deprecated h1:jpBZDwmgPhXsKZC6WhL20P4b/wmnpsEAGHaNy0n/rJM=
+golang.org/x/tools/go/expect v0.1.1-deprecated/go.mod h1:eihoPOH+FgIqa3FpoTwguz/bVUSGBlGQU67vpBeOrBY=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+honnef.co/go/tools v0.8.0-rc.1 h1:wqMm2kjcEXMOr+6yau+pdKqJKe6l2N1aKPkpini+Kzk=
+honnef.co/go/tools v0.8.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:XA+OnlRA9EDh/ukGvXMNSZNKGwFQJ+5dER0ioUkOxks=

internal/cicontext/changes_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+package cicontext
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// ── doublestarMatch ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestDoublestarMatch(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		pattern string
+		path    string
+		want    bool
+	}{
+		// exact match
+		{"Dockerfile", "Dockerfile", true},
+		{"Dockerfile", "dockerfile", false},
+		// single-segment wildcard
+		{"*.go", "main.go", true},
+		{"*.go", "main.py", false},
+		// * does not cross /
+		{"*.go", "src/main.go", false},
+		// ** matches multiple segments
+		{"**/*.go", "src/main.go", true},
+		{"**/*.go", "src/pkg/util.go", true},
+		{"**/*.go", "src/main.py", false},
+		// ** at end matches everything
+		{"src/**", "src/main.go", true},
+		{"src/**", "src/a/b/c.go", true},
+		{"src/**", "other/main.go", false},
+		// ** in the middle
+		{"src/**/*.go", "src/pkg/main.go", true},
+		{"src/**/*.go", "src/a/b/main.go", true},
+		{"src/**/*.go", "test/pkg/main.go", false},
+		// bare ** matches everything
+		{"**", "anything/and/everything.txt", true},
+		{"**", "file.go", true},
+		// no wildcard, multi-segment
+		{"src/main.go", "src/main.go", true},
+		{"src/main.go", "src/other.go", false},
+		// ** matches zero segments too
+		{"src/**/main.go", "src/main.go", true},
+		{"src/**/main.go", "src/pkg/main.go", true},
+		// malformed pattern (gracefully handled)
+		{"[invalid", "file.go", false},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.pattern+"~"+tc.path, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := doublestarMatch(tc.pattern, tc.path)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("doublestarMatch(%q, %q) = %v; want %v", tc.pattern, tc.path, got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── extractChangesPaths ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestExtractChangesPaths(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nil → nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		if extractChangesPaths(nil) != nil {
+			t.Error("expected nil")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := extractChangesPaths("Dockerfile")
+		if len(got) != 1 || got[0] != "Dockerfile" {
+			t.Errorf("got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("[]string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := extractChangesPaths([]string{"a.go", "b.go"})
+		if len(got) != 2 || got[0] != "a.go" || got[1] != "b.go" {
+			t.Errorf("got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("[]any strings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := extractChangesPaths([]any{"src/**", "*.yml"})
+		if len(got) != 2 || got[0] != "src/**" || got[1] != "*.yml" {
+			t.Errorf("got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("[]any ignores non-strings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := extractChangesPaths([]any{"ok", 42})
+		if len(got) != 1 || got[0] != "ok" {
+			t.Errorf("got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("map with paths key", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := extractChangesPaths(map[string]any{
+			"paths":      []any{"src/**"},
+			"compare_to": "origin/main",
+		})
+		if len(got) != 1 || got[0] != "src/**" {
+			t.Errorf("got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("map without paths key → nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := extractChangesPaths(map[string]any{"compare_to": "origin/main"})
+		if got != nil {
+			t.Errorf("expected nil, got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("unknown type → nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := extractChangesPaths(12345)
+		if got != nil {
+			t.Errorf("expected nil, got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── changesMatch ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestChangesMatch(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nil changes → always true", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"anything.go"})
+		if !changesMatch(nil, ctx) {
+			t.Error("nil changes should always match")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("nil changedFiles → permissive true", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		// changedFiles is nil by default → permissive
+		if !changesMatch([]any{"src/**"}, ctx) {
+			t.Error("nil changedFiles should be permissive (true)")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("no match → false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"test/main_test.go"})
+		if changesMatch([]any{"src/**/*.go"}, ctx) {
+			t.Error("should not match: changed file not under src/")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("match → true", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"src/pkg/main.go"})
+		if !changesMatch([]any{"src/**/*.go"}, ctx) {
+			t.Error("should match: src/pkg/main.go satisfies src/**/*.go")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("empty changedFiles + non-nil changes → false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{}) // explicit empty list
+		if changesMatch([]any{"Dockerfile"}, ctx) {
+			t.Error("empty file list with active filter should be false")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("one of many changed files matches", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"README.md", "src/main.go", "go.sum"})
+		if !changesMatch([]any{"src/**"}, ctx) {
+			t.Error("src/main.go should satisfy src/**")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── EvalJob with rules:changes: ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestEvalJob_RulesChanges(t *testing.T) {
+	makeJob := func(rules []model.Rule) model.Job {
+		return model.Job{Name: "job", Script: []any{"echo"}, Rules: rules}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("no changed files (permissive) — rule fires", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		// changedFiles nil → permissive
+		job := makeJob([]model.Rule{{Changes: []any{"src/**/*.go"}, When: "on_success"}})
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobActive {
+			t.Error("expected active: permissive when no file list")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("matching changed file — rule fires", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"src/main.go"})
+		job := makeJob([]model.Rule{{Changes: []any{"src/**"}, When: "on_success"}})
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobActive {
+			t.Error("expected active: src/main.go matches src/**")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no matching file — rule skipped, no other rule → skipped", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"docs/README.md"})
+		job := makeJob([]model.Rule{{Changes: []any{"src/**"}, When: "on_success"}})
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobSkipped {
+			t.Error("expected skipped: docs/README.md does not match src/**")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("changes filter with if: both must pass", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"src/main.go"})
+		job := makeJob([]model.Rule{
+			{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop"`, Changes: []any{"src/**"}, When: "on_success"},
+		})
+		// if: fails → rule skipped even though changes match
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobSkipped {
+			t.Error("expected skipped: if: condition fails")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("map form changes: {paths: [...]}", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"Dockerfile"})
+		job := makeJob([]model.Rule{{
+			Changes: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"Dockerfile"}, "compare_to": "origin/main"},
+			When:    "on_success",
+		}})
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobActive {
+			t.Error("expected active: map form changes should work")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── EvalWorkflow with rules:changes: ─────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestEvalWorkflow_Changes(t *testing.T) {
+	makePipeline := func(rules []model.Rule) *model.Pipeline {
+		return &model.Pipeline{Workflow: &model.Workflow{Rules: rules}}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("no changedFiles (permissive) → pipeline runs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		p := makePipeline([]model.Rule{{Changes: []any{"src/**"}, When: "always"}})
+		runs, _ := EvalWorkflow(p, ctx)
+		if !runs {
+			t.Error("expected pipeline to run: permissive when no file list")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("matching file → pipeline runs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"src/app.go"})
+		p := makePipeline([]model.Rule{{Changes: []any{"src/**"}, When: "always"}})
+		runs, _ := EvalWorkflow(p, ctx)
+		if !runs {
+			t.Error("expected pipeline to run: src/app.go matches src/**")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no matching file → no rule matches → pipeline blocked", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"docs/README.md"})
+		p := makePipeline([]model.Rule{{Changes: []any{"src/**"}, When: "always"}})
+		runs, _ := EvalWorkflow(p, ctx)
+		if runs {
+			t.Error("expected pipeline blocked: docs/README.md does not match src/**")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── SetChangedFiles / Summary ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSetChangedFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+	if ctx.changedFiles != nil {
+		t.Error("changedFiles should be nil initially")
+	}
+	ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"a.go", "b.go"})
+	if len(ctx.changedFiles) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 changed files, got %d", len(ctx.changedFiles))
+	}
+	// nil receiver should not panic
+	var nilCtx *Context
+	nilCtx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"x"})
+}
+
+func TestSummary_WithChangedFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+	// Without changed files
+	if s := ctx.Summary(); s != "branch=main, source=push" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected summary without changes: %q", s)
+	}
+	// With changed files
+	ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{"a.go", "b.go"})
+	s := ctx.Summary()
+	if s != "branch=main, source=push, 2 changed file(s)" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected summary with changes: %q", s)
+	}
+	// With empty changed files (strict, 0 files)
+	ctx.SetChangedFiles([]string{})
+	s = ctx.Summary()
+	if s != "branch=main, source=push, 0 changed file(s)" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected summary with 0 changes: %q", s)
+	}
+}

internal/cicontext/context.go

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 package cicontext
 
-import "strings"
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
 
 // Context holds the simulated CI execution environment used for context-aware
 // pipeline evaluation (rules:if:, only:, except:, workflow:rules:).
 // Variables are keyed by their name without the leading $.
 type Context struct {
-	Vars map[string]string
+	Vars         map[string]string
+	pinned       map[string]bool // vars set via --var or shortcuts; never overwritten by Inject
+	changedFiles []string        // nil = not provided (permissive); non-nil = known set of changed files
 }
 
 // New builds a Context from high-level shortcut values and optional KEY=VALUE
@@ -17,46 +22,55 @@ type Context struct {
 // preserving the existing linting behaviour when no context flags are given.
 //
 // Override priority (highest wins): extraVars > branch/tag/source shortcuts.
+// Both shortcut-derived and extraVar variables are pinned — they will not be
+// overwritten by Inject (used for pipeline-level and workflow-rule variables).
 func New(branch, tag, source string, extraVars []string) *Context {
 	if branch == "" && tag == "" && source == "" && len(extraVars) == 0 {
 		return &Context{}
 	}
 
 	vars := make(map[string]string)
+	pinned := make(map[string]bool)
+
+	pin := func(k, v string) {
+		vars[k] = v
+		pinned[k] = true
+	}
 
 	if branch != "" {
-		vars["CI_COMMIT_BRANCH"] = branch
-		vars["CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME"] = branch
-		vars["CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG"] = slugify(branch)
+		pin("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH", branch)
+		pin("CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME", branch)
+		pin("CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG", slugify(branch))
 		if source == "" {
 			source = "push"
 		}
 	}
 	if tag != "" {
-		vars["CI_COMMIT_TAG"] = tag
-		vars["CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME"] = tag
-		vars["CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG"] = slugify(tag)
-		delete(vars, "CI_COMMIT_BRANCH") // tag pushes have no branch variable
+		pin("CI_COMMIT_TAG", tag)
+		pin("CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME", tag)
+		pin("CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG", slugify(tag))
+		delete(vars, "CI_COMMIT_BRANCH")
+		delete(pinned, "CI_COMMIT_BRANCH")
 		if source == "" {
 			source = "push"
 		}
 	}
 	if source != "" {
-		vars["CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE"] = source
+		pin("CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE", source)
 	}
 	if _, ok := vars["CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH"]; !ok {
 		vars["CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH"] = "main"
 	}
 
-	// KEY=VALUE overrides win over shortcuts.
+	// KEY=VALUE overrides win over shortcuts and everything else.
 	for _, kv := range extraVars {
 		k, v, ok := strings.Cut(kv, "=")
 		if ok {
-			vars[k] = v
+			pin(k, v)
 		}
 	}
 
-	return &Context{Vars: vars}
+	return &Context{Vars: vars, pinned: pinned}
 }
 
 // IsEmpty reports whether no variables have been set (no context flags given).
@@ -73,6 +87,33 @@ func (c *Context) Get(key string) string {
 	return c.Vars[key]
 }
 
+// Inject sets key=value only if key is not already pinned (i.e. not set via
+// --branch / --tag / --source / --var). Used to inject pipeline-level variable
+// defaults and workflow-rule variables without overriding explicit user input.
+// Calling Inject in order from lowest-priority to highest-priority source
+// ensures later calls win over earlier ones.
+func (c *Context) Inject(key, value string) {
+	if c.pinned[key] {
+		return
+	}
+	if c.Vars == nil {
+		c.Vars = make(map[string]string)
+	}
+	c.Vars[key] = value
+}
+
+// SetChangedFiles records the list of files that changed for rules:changes:
+// evaluation. A non-nil slice (even empty) enables strict matching: only jobs
+// whose rules:changes: patterns match at least one file in the list will have
+// that rule fire. A nil slice (the default) means "not provided" — rules:changes:
+// conditions are treated as always satisfied (permissive), preserving the
+// behaviour when no changed-file data is available.
+func (c *Context) SetChangedFiles(files []string) {
+	if c != nil {
+		c.changedFiles = files
+	}
+}
+
 // Summary returns a short human-readable description of the context for CLI output.
 func (c *Context) Summary() string {
 	if c.IsEmpty() {
@@ -87,9 +128,139 @@ func (c *Context) Summary() string {
 	if v := c.Get("CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE"); v != "" {
 		parts = append(parts, "source="+v)
 	}
+	if c.changedFiles != nil {
+		parts = append(parts, fmt.Sprintf("%d changed file(s)", len(c.changedFiles)))
+	}
 	return strings.Join(parts, ", ")
 }
 
+// ExtractStringVars converts a map[string]any variable block (as used by
+// Pipeline.Variables and Rule.Variables) to a flat map[string]string.
+// Plain string values are used directly. Extended {value: ...} map form uses
+// the "value" key. Scalar non-string values (bool, int, float64) are
+// converted to their string representation, matching GitLab's own behaviour
+// where all CI variable values are strings.
+func ExtractStringVars(m map[string]any) map[string]string {
+	if len(m) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := make(map[string]string, len(m))
+	for k, v := range m {
+		if s, ok := ScalarString(v); ok {
+			out[k] = s
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// ScalarString converts a YAML-decoded CI variable value to its string
+// representation. Handles plain scalars and the extended {value: ...} map
+// form. Returns (s, true) on success, ("", false) for unrecognised forms.
+func ScalarString(v any) (string, bool) {
+	switch val := v.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return val, true
+	case bool:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%t", val), true
+	case int:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d", val), true
+	case float64:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%g", val), true
+	case map[string]any:
+		inner, ok := val["value"]
+		if !ok {
+			return "", false
+		}
+		return ScalarString(inner)
+	}
+	return "", false
+}
+
+// ExpandVars expands $VAR and ${VAR} references within every value in
+// ctx.Vars, using the same map as the expansion source. Iteration repeats
+// (up to 10 passes) so transitive chains like A=$B, B=$C resolve fully.
+// Variables that form circular references are left as-is after the limit.
+func (c *Context) ExpandVars() {
+	if c == nil || len(c.Vars) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	for range 10 {
+		changed := false
+		for k, v := range c.Vars {
+			expanded := expandVarRefs(v, c.Vars)
+			if expanded != v {
+				c.Vars[k] = expanded
+				changed = true
+			}
+		}
+		if !changed {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// expandVarRefs replaces $VAR and ${VAR} occurrences in s with their values
+// from vars. Unknown variables are left unchanged.
+func expandVarRefs(s string, vars map[string]string) string {
+	if !strings.Contains(s, "$") {
+		return s
+	}
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	i := 0
+	for i < len(s) {
+		if s[i] != '$' {
+			sb.WriteByte(s[i])
+			i++
+			continue
+		}
+		i++ // consume '$'
+		if i >= len(s) {
+			sb.WriteByte('$')
+			break
+		}
+		if s[i] == '{' {
+			i++ // consume '{'
+			j := i
+			for j < len(s) && isIdentByte(s[j]) {
+				j++
+			}
+			if j < len(s) && s[j] == '}' {
+				name := s[i:j]
+				if val, ok := vars[name]; ok {
+					sb.WriteString(val)
+				} else {
+					sb.WriteString("${")
+					sb.WriteString(name)
+					sb.WriteByte('}')
+				}
+				i = j + 1
+			} else {
+				// Malformed ${…} — emit literally
+				sb.WriteString("${")
+				i = j
+			}
+		} else {
+			j := i
+			for j < len(s) && isIdentByte(s[j]) {
+				j++
+			}
+			if j > i {
+				name := s[i:j]
+				if val, ok := vars[name]; ok {
+					sb.WriteString(val)
+				} else {
+					sb.WriteByte('$')
+					sb.WriteString(name)
+				}
+				i = j
+			} else {
+				sb.WriteByte('$')
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return sb.String()
+}
+
 // slugify converts a ref name to its GitLab slug form:
 // lowercased, non-alphanumeric characters replaced with '-', leading/trailing '-' removed.
 func slugify(s string) string {

internal/cicontext/context_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+package cicontext
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// ── New / IsEmpty / Get / Inject ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestNew_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("", "", "", nil)
+	if !ctx.IsEmpty() {
+		t.Error("expected empty context")
+	}
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH") != "" {
+		t.Error("expected empty Get on empty context")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNew_Branch(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("feature/abc", "", "", nil)
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH") != "feature/abc" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected branch: %q", ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH"))
+	}
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG") != "feature-abc" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected slug: %q", ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG"))
+	}
+	if ctx.Get("CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE") != "push" {
+		t.Error("expected default source=push for branch")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNew_Tag(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("", "v1.0.0", "", nil)
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_TAG") != "v1.0.0" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected tag: %q", ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_TAG"))
+	}
+	// tag should clear CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH") != "" {
+		t.Error("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH should be cleared when tag is set")
+	}
+	if ctx.Get("CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE") != "push" {
+		t.Error("expected default source=push for tag")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNew_BranchAndTagTogether(t *testing.T) {
+	// branch set first, then tag overwrites REF_NAME and clears BRANCH
+	ctx := New("main", "v2.0", "", nil)
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH") != "" {
+		t.Error("BRANCH should be cleared by tag")
+	}
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_TAG") != "v2.0" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected tag %q", ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_TAG"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNew_ExtraVars(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("main", "", "", []string{"DEPLOY_ENV=prod", "BAD_NO_EQUALS"})
+	if ctx.Get("DEPLOY_ENV") != "prod" {
+		t.Errorf("extra var not set: %q", ctx.Get("DEPLOY_ENV"))
+	}
+	if ctx.Get("BAD_NO_EQUALS") != "" {
+		t.Error("malformed KEY=VALUE should not be set")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNew_SourceOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("", "", "schedule", nil)
+	if ctx.Get("CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE") != "schedule" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected source: %q", ctx.Get("CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNew_DefaultBranch(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("feature", "", "", nil)
+	if ctx.Get("CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH") != "main" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected default branch: %q", ctx.Get("CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInject(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+	// pinned var should not be overwritten
+	ctx.Inject("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH", "other")
+	if ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH") != "main" {
+		t.Error("pinned var was overwritten by Inject")
+	}
+	// non-pinned var should be injected
+	ctx.Inject("MY_VAR", "hello")
+	if ctx.Get("MY_VAR") != "hello" {
+		t.Errorf("Inject failed: %q", ctx.Get("MY_VAR"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInject_NilVarsMap(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := &Context{}
+	ctx.Inject("K", "v") // should not panic
+	if ctx.Get("K") != "v" {
+		t.Error("Inject on nil Vars should initialise the map")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGet_NilContext(t *testing.T) {
+	var ctx *Context
+	if ctx.Get("X") != "" {
+		t.Error("nil context Get should return empty string")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── Summary ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSummary(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name   string
+		branch string
+		tag    string
+		source string
+		want   string
+	}{
+		{"empty context", "", "", "", ""},
+		{"branch only", "main", "", "", "branch=main, source=push"},
+		{"tag only", "", "v1.0", "", "tag=v1.0, source=push"},
+		{"source only", "", "", "schedule", "source=schedule"},
+		{"branch + source", "develop", "", "merge_request_event", "branch=develop, source=merge_request_event"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ctx := New(tc.branch, tc.tag, tc.source, nil)
+			got := ctx.Summary()
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("got %q want %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── ScalarString ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestScalarString(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		input   any
+		wantS   string
+		wantOK  bool
+	}{
+		{"string", "hello", "hello", true},
+		{"bool true", true, "true", true},
+		{"bool false", false, "false", true},
+		{"int", 42, "42", true},
+		{"float64", 3.14, "3.14", true},
+		{"map with value key", map[string]any{"value": "v"}, "v", true},
+		{"map without value key", map[string]any{"description": "x"}, "", false},
+		{"nil", nil, "", false},
+		{"slice", []any{1, 2}, "", false},
+		{"nested map value", map[string]any{"value": 99}, "99", true},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			s, ok := ScalarString(tc.input)
+			if ok != tc.wantOK || s != tc.wantS {
+				t.Errorf("got (%q, %v) want (%q, %v)", s, ok, tc.wantS, tc.wantOK)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── ExpandVars / expandVarRefs ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestExpandVars(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("simple expansion", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := &Context{Vars: map[string]string{"A": "hello", "B": "$A world"}}
+		ctx.ExpandVars()
+		if ctx.Vars["B"] != "hello world" {
+			t.Errorf("got %q", ctx.Vars["B"])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("transitive chain", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := &Context{Vars: map[string]string{"A": "x", "B": "$A", "C": "$B"}}
+		ctx.ExpandVars()
+		if ctx.Vars["C"] != "x" {
+			t.Errorf("got %q", ctx.Vars["C"])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("circular reference stops", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := &Context{Vars: map[string]string{"A": "$B", "B": "$A"}}
+		ctx.ExpandVars() // must not infinite-loop
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nil context is noop", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var ctx *Context
+		ctx.ExpandVars() // must not panic
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty vars is noop", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := &Context{}
+		ctx.ExpandVars() // must not panic
+	})
+}
+
+func TestExpandVarRefs(t *testing.T) {
+	vars := map[string]string{"FOO": "bar", "X": "123"}
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{"no dollar", "hello", "hello"},
+		{"simple ref", "$FOO", "bar"},
+		{"braced ref", "${FOO}", "bar"},
+		{"unknown ref unchanged", "$UNKNOWN", "$UNKNOWN"},
+		{"unknown braced unchanged", "${UNKNOWN}", "${UNKNOWN}"},
+		{"trailing dollar", "abc$", "abc$"},
+		{"dollar at end after ident", "$X_", "$X_"},
+		// Malformed ${…} without closing brace: "${" emitted, ident chars consumed.
+		{"malformed brace no close", "${FOO", "${"},
+		{"mixed", "pre_${FOO}_$X", "pre_bar_123"},
+		{"dollar no ident after", "$ abc", "$ abc"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := expandVarRefs(tc.input, vars)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("got %q want %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── slugify ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSlugify(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{"main", "main"},
+		{"feature/my-branch", "feature-my-branch"},
+		{"Feature_123", "feature-123"},
+		{"--leading", "leading"},
+		{"trailing--", "trailing"},
+		{"v1.2.3", "v1-2-3"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.input, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := slugify(tc.input)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("got %q want %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/cicontext/eval.go

@@ -9,21 +9,35 @@ import (
 // variable resolver.
 //
 // Supported:
-//   - Variable references: $VAR_NAME
+//   - Variable references: $VAR_NAME or ${VAR_NAME}
 //   - String literals:     "value" or 'value'
 //   - Null keyword:        null
-//   - Comparison:          == != =~ !~
+//   - Comparison:          == != =~ !~  (single = is accepted as == for user convenience)
 //   - Boolean:             && || !
 //   - Grouping:            ( )
+//   - Regex flags:         /pattern/i (case-insensitive), /pattern/m, /pattern/s
+//   - Multi-line:          newlines between tokens are treated as whitespace
+//   - Variable regex RHS:  $VAR =~ $PATTERN when $PATTERN holds a /regex/ string
 //
 // Regex patterns use Go's regexp syntax, which covers the common RE2 subset
 // used by GitLab CI. Unsupported or unparseable expressions fall back to true
 // (permissive) so the linter never silently drops jobs it cannot evaluate.
 func EvalIf(expr string, vars func(string) string) bool {
+	return evalIf(expr, vars, true)
+}
+
+// EvalIfStrict is like EvalIf but returns false (instead of true) when the
+// expression cannot be fully parsed. Use for workflow:rules: evaluation where
+// a failed parse should skip to the next rule rather than matching everything.
+func EvalIfStrict(expr string, vars func(string) string) bool {
+	return evalIf(expr, vars, false)
+}
+
+func evalIf(expr string, vars func(string) string, permissive bool) bool {
 	p := &exprParser{s: strings.TrimSpace(expr), vars: vars}
 	result, ok := p.parseOr()
 	if !ok || p.pos < len(p.s) {
-		return true // unparseable → permissive
+		return permissive
 	}
 	return result
 }
@@ -56,8 +70,13 @@ func (p *exprParser) consume(tok string) bool {
 }
 
 func (p *exprParser) skipWS() {
-	for p.pos < len(p.s) && (p.s[p.pos] == ' ' || p.s[p.pos] == '\t') {
-		p.pos++
+	for p.pos < len(p.s) {
+		b := p.s[p.pos]
+		if b == ' ' || b == '\t' || b == '\n' || b == '\r' {
+			p.pos++
+			continue
+		}
+		break
 	}
 }
 
@@ -67,11 +86,11 @@ func (p *exprParser) skipWS() {
 //   and_expr   → not_expr ( '&&' not_expr )*
 //   not_expr   → '!' not_expr | primary
 //   primary    → '(' or_expr ')' | comparison
-//   comparison → value ( op value | regex_op regex )? | value
-//   value      → '$' ident | '"' … '"' | "'" … "'" | 'null'
+//   comparison → value ( op value | regex_op regex_rhs )?
+//   value      → '$' '{' ident '}' | '$' ident | '"' … '"' | "'" … "'" | 'null'
 //   op         → '==' | '!='
 //   regex_op   → '=~' | '!~'
-//   regex      → '/' … '/'
+//   regex_rhs  → '/' … '/' flags? | '$' ident (where ident value is '/…/flags')
 
 func (p *exprParser) parseOr() (bool, bool) {
 	left, ok := p.parseAnd()
@@ -165,8 +184,11 @@ func (p *exprParser) parseComparison() (bool, bool) {
 
 	case p.consume("=~"):
 		p.skipWS()
-		pat, ok := p.parseRegexLiteral()
-		if !ok {
+		pat, patOk, permissive := p.parseRegexRHS()
+		if permissive {
+			return true, true
+		}
+		if !patOk {
 			return false, false
 		}
 		re, err := regexp.Compile(pat)
@@ -177,8 +199,11 @@ func (p *exprParser) parseComparison() (bool, bool) {
 
 	case p.consume("!~"):
 		p.skipWS()
-		pat, ok := p.parseRegexLiteral()
-		if !ok {
+		pat, patOk, permissive := p.parseRegexRHS()
+		if permissive {
+			return true, true
+		}
+		if !patOk {
 			return false, false
 		}
 		re, err := regexp.Compile(pat)
@@ -186,19 +211,66 @@ func (p *exprParser) parseComparison() (bool, bool) {
 			return true, true // bad pattern → permissive
 		}
 		return !re.MatchString(leftStr), true
+
+	// Single = not followed by = or ~ — accepted as == (common user mistake;
+	// GitLab CI only supports == but = is frequently written by accident).
+	case p.peek() == '=' && !p.startsWith("==") && !p.startsWith("=~"):
+		p.pos++ // consume '='
+		p.skipWS()
+		rightStr, ok := p.parseValue()
+		if !ok {
+			return false, false
+		}
+		return leftStr == rightStr, true
 	}
 
 	// No operator: variable is truthy when non-empty (defined and non-null).
 	return leftStr != "", true
 }
 
-// parseValue reads $VAR, "string", 'string', or null.
-// null and undefined variables both produce an empty string.
+// parseRegexRHS parses the right-hand side of =~ / !~ operators.
+// Returns (pattern, ok, permissive):
+//   - /regex/flags literal  → (pattern, true, false)
+//   - $VAR whose value is /regex/flags → (pattern, true, false)
+//   - $VAR whose value is empty or not a /regex/ → ("", false, true) — caller uses permissive true
+//   - parse error → ("", false, false)
+func (p *exprParser) parseRegexRHS() (pat string, ok bool, permissive bool) {
+	if p.peek() == '/' {
+		pat, ok = p.parseRegexLiteral()
+		return pat, ok, false
+	}
+	if p.peek() == '$' {
+		varVal, varOk := p.parseValue()
+		if !varOk {
+			return "", false, false
+		}
+		pat, ok = extractRegexFromString(varVal)
+		if !ok {
+			return "", false, true // variable is not a /regex/ value → permissive
+		}
+		return pat, true, false
+	}
+	return "", false, false
+}
+
+// parseValue reads $VAR, ${VAR}, "string", 'string', null, true, false, or an
+// integer literal. null and undefined variables both produce an empty string.
+// true/false and integers produce their string representations (GitLab CI
+// compares all values as strings).
 func (p *exprParser) parseValue() (string, bool) {
 	p.skipWS()
 
 	if p.peek() == '$' {
 		p.pos++ // consume '$'
+		if p.peek() == '{' {
+			p.pos++ // consume '{'
+			name := p.parseIdent()
+			if name == "" || p.peek() != '}' {
+				return "", false
+			}
+			p.pos++ // consume '}'
+			return p.vars(name), true
+		}
 		name := p.parseIdent()
 		if name == "" {
 			return "", false
@@ -206,12 +278,18 @@ func (p *exprParser) parseValue() (string, bool) {
 		return p.vars(name), true
 	}
 
-	// null keyword — must not be a prefix of a longer identifier.
-	if p.startsWith("null") {
-		end := p.pos + 4
-		if end >= len(p.s) || !isIdentByte(p.s[end]) {
-			p.pos += 4
-			return "", true // null → empty string
+	// Keywords and string literals must not be prefixes of longer identifiers.
+	for _, kw := range []struct{ tok, val string }{
+		{"null", ""},
+		{"true", "true"},
+		{"false", "false"},
+	} {
+		if p.startsWith(kw.tok) {
+			end := p.pos + len(kw.tok)
+			if end >= len(p.s) || !isIdentByte(p.s[end]) {
+				p.pos += len(kw.tok)
+				return kw.val, true
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -219,6 +297,15 @@ func (p *exprParser) parseValue() (string, bool) {
 		return p.parseStringLiteral()
 	}
 
+	// Integer literal — returned as its decimal string for string comparison.
+	if p.peek() >= '0' && p.peek() <= '9' {
+		start := p.pos
+		for p.pos < len(p.s) && p.s[p.pos] >= '0' && p.s[p.pos] <= '9' {
+			p.pos++
+		}
+		return p.s[start:p.pos], true
+	}
+
 	return "", false
 }
 
@@ -252,16 +339,14 @@ func (p *exprParser) parseStringLiteral() (string, bool) {
 }
 
 func (p *exprParser) parseRegexLiteral() (string, bool) {
-	if p.peek() != '/' {
-		return "", false
-	}
 	p.pos++ // consume opening '/'
 	var sb strings.Builder
 	for p.pos < len(p.s) {
 		b := p.s[p.pos]
 		if b == '/' {
 			p.pos++ // consume closing '/'
-			return sb.String(), true
+			flags := p.parseRegexFlags()
+			return applyRegexFlags(flags, sb.String()), true
 		}
 		if b == '\\' && p.pos+1 < len(p.s) {
 			p.pos++
@@ -275,6 +360,68 @@ func (p *exprParser) parseRegexLiteral() (string, bool) {
 	return "", false // unterminated regex
 }
 
+// parseRegexFlags reads zero or more regex flag letters (i, m, s) after the
+// closing '/'. Unknown letters are consumed but ignored.
+func (p *exprParser) parseRegexFlags() string {
+	start := p.pos
+	for p.pos < len(p.s) && isIdentByte(p.s[p.pos]) {
+		p.pos++
+	}
+	return p.s[start:p.pos]
+}
+
+// applyRegexFlags prepends Go regexp flag groups to pattern (e.g. (?i) for 'i').
+// Unknown flags are silently ignored.
+func applyRegexFlags(flags, pattern string) string {
+	if flags == "" {
+		return pattern
+	}
+	var prefix strings.Builder
+	for _, f := range flags {
+		switch f {
+		case 'i':
+			prefix.WriteString("(?i)")
+		case 'm':
+			prefix.WriteString("(?m)")
+		case 's':
+			prefix.WriteString("(?s)")
+		}
+	}
+	return prefix.String() + pattern
+}
+
+// extractRegexFromString parses a /pattern/flags string (typically from a CI
+// variable) and returns a Go regexp pattern with flags applied.
+func extractRegexFromString(s string) (string, bool) {
+	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+	if len(s) == 0 || s[0] != '/' {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	i := 1
+	for i < len(s) {
+		b := s[i]
+		if b == '/' {
+			i++ // past closing '/'
+			var flags strings.Builder
+			for i < len(s) && isIdentByte(s[i]) {
+				flags.WriteByte(s[i])
+				i++
+			}
+			return applyRegexFlags(flags.String(), sb.String()), true
+		}
+		if b == '\\' && i+1 < len(s) {
+			i++
+			sb.WriteByte('\\')
+			sb.WriteByte(s[i])
+		} else {
+			sb.WriteByte(b)
+		}
+		i++
+	}
+	return "", false // unterminated
+}
+
 func isIdentByte(b byte) bool {
 	return (b >= 'a' && b <= 'z') || (b >= 'A' && b <= 'Z') || (b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '_'
 }

internal/cicontext/eval_test.go

@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@ import "testing"
 func TestEvalIf(t *testing.T) {
 	vars := func(key string) string {
 		m := map[string]string{
-			"CI_COMMIT_BRANCH": "develop",
-			"CI_COMMIT_TAG":    "",
+			"CI_COMMIT_BRANCH":  "develop",
+			"CI_COMMIT_TAG":     "",
 			"CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE": "push",
-			"DEPLOY_ENV":       "staging",
+			"DEPLOY_ENV":        "staging",
+			"BRANCH_PATTERN":    "/^dev/",
+			"BRANCH_PATTERN_CI": "/^DEV/i",
+			"EMPTY_PATTERN":     "",
+			"PLAIN_PATTERN":     "develop",
 		}
 		return m[key]
 	}
@@ -69,9 +73,59 @@ func TestEvalIf(t *testing.T) {
 		{"extra spaces", `  $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH  ==  "develop"  `, true},
 		{"tabs", "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH\t==\t\"develop\"", true},
 
+		// ── Multi-line expressions (newlines between tokens) ──────────────────
+		{"multiline or true", "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"develop\" ||\n$CI_COMMIT_TAG != null", true},
+		{"multiline or false", "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"main\" ||\n$CI_COMMIT_TAG != null", false},
+		{"multiline and true", "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"develop\" &&\n$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == \"push\"", true},
+		{"multiline and false", "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"main\" &&\n$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == \"push\"", false},
+		{"multiline with crlf", "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"develop\" ||\r\n$CI_COMMIT_TAG != null", true},
+
+		// ── ${VAR} curly-brace syntax ─────────────────────────────────────────
+		{"curly var eq match", `${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH} == "develop"`, true},
+		{"curly var eq no match", `${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH} == "main"`, false},
+		{"curly var truthiness", `${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH}`, true},
+		{"curly var falsy", `${CI_COMMIT_TAG}`, false},
+		{"curly var neq null", `${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH} != null`, true},
+		{"curly mixed", `${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH} == "develop" && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "push"`, true},
+
+		// ── Regex flags (/pattern/i etc.) ─────────────────────────────────────
+		{"regex flag i match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ /^DEV/i`, true},
+		{"regex flag i no match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ /^MAIN/i`, false},
+		{"regex flag i not match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH !~ /^MAIN/i`, true},
+		{"regex no flag case sensitive", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ /^DEV/`, false},
+		{"regex flag i version tag", `$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE =~ /^PUSH$/i`, true},
+
+		// ── Variable on right side of =~ ──────────────────────────────────────
+		{"var regex rhs match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ $BRANCH_PATTERN`, true},
+		{"var regex rhs no match", `$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE =~ $BRANCH_PATTERN`, false},
+		{"var regex rhs ci flag match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ $BRANCH_PATTERN_CI`, true},
+		{"var regex rhs empty permissive", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ $EMPTY_PATTERN`, true},
+		{"var regex rhs plain permissive", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ $PLAIN_PATTERN`, true},
+		{"var regex rhs not match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH !~ $BRANCH_PATTERN`, false},
+
+		// ── Bare true/false keywords ─────────────────────────────────────────
+		// GitLab CI treats true/false as the string values "true"/"false".
+		{"bare true match", `$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == true`, false},       // "push" != "true"
+		{"bare false match", `$CI_COMMIT_TAG == false`, false},           // "" != "false"
+		{"bare true var set to true", `$DEPLOY_ENV == true`, false},      // "staging" != "true"
+		{"bare false neq", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH != false`, true},           // "develop" != "false"
+		{"bare true in compound", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH != null && $CI_COMMIT_TAG == false`, false},
+
+		// ── Integer literals ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+		// Compared as decimal strings (GitLab CI converts integers to strings).
+		{"int eq match", `$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE != 0`, true},  // "push" != "0"
+		{"int eq no match", `$CI_COMMIT_TAG == 0`, false},    // "" != "0"
+		{"int in compound", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH != null && $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH != 0`, true},
+
 		// ── Permissive fallback ───────────────────────────────────────────────
 		{"unparseable returns true", `this is not valid syntax %%%`, true},
 		{"empty expr returns true", ``, true},
+
+		// ── Single = as alias for == ──────────────────────────────────────────
+		{"single eq match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH = "develop"`, true},
+		{"single eq no match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH = "main"`, false},
+		{"single eq in compound", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH = "develop" && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE = "push"`, true},
+		{"single eq compound false", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH = "main" && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE = "push"`, false},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
@@ -83,3 +137,194 @@ func TestEvalIf(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+// TestEvalIfParserEdgeCases exercises low-level parser branches not reached
+// by the main table-driven tests above.
+func TestEvalIfParserEdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	vars := func(key string) string {
+		switch key {
+		case "BRANCH":
+			return "develop"
+		case "UNTERMINATED_RE":
+			return "/no-end"
+		case "ESCAPED_RE":
+			return `/^dev\./`
+		}
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// parseOr: right side of || fails to parse.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH || !(`, vars) {
+		t.Error("parseOr bad right: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+	if EvalIfStrict(`$BRANCH || !(`, vars) {
+		t.Error("parseOr bad right: expect strict-false")
+	}
+
+	// parsePrimary: inner parseOr succeeds but no closing ')'.
+	if !EvalIf(`($BRANCH == "develop"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("unmatched paren: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+	if EvalIfStrict(`($BRANCH == "develop"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("unmatched paren: expect strict-false")
+	}
+
+	// parseComparison ==: right-hand parseValue fails (! is not a valid value start).
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH == !invalid`, vars) {
+		t.Error("== bad rhs: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseComparison !=: right-hand parseValue fails.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH != ${`, vars) {
+		t.Error("!= bad rhs: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseRegexRHS: peek is neither '/' nor '$' → return "", false, false.
+	// parseComparison =~: patOk=false, permissive=false → return false, false.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ "literal"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("=~ string literal rhs: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+	if EvalIfStrict(`$BRANCH =~ "literal"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("=~ string literal rhs: expect strict-false")
+	}
+
+	// parseComparison =~: bad regex pattern → compile error → return true, true.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ /[unclosed/`, vars) {
+		t.Error("=~ bad regex: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseComparison !~: patOk=false → return false, false.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH !~ "literal"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("!~ string literal rhs: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+	if EvalIfStrict(`$BRANCH !~ "literal"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("!~ string literal rhs: expect strict-false")
+	}
+
+	// parseComparison !~: bad regex pattern → compile error → return true, true.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH !~ /[unclosed/`, vars) {
+		t.Error("!~ bad regex: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseComparison single =: RHS parseValue fails.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH = !invalid`, vars) {
+		t.Error("single = bad rhs: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseValue: '$' not followed by a valid identifier.
+	if !EvalIf(`$} == "develop"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("$ bad ident: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseValue: '${' with no closing '}' or empty name.
+	if !EvalIf(`${} == "develop"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("${} empty name: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+	if !EvalIf(`${BRANCH == "develop"`, vars) {
+		t.Error("${BRANCH no close brace: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseStringLiteral: escape sequence — \v is consumed and the next byte
+	// is written literally, so "de\velop" → "develop" which matches BRANCH.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH == "de\velop"`, vars) {
+		t.Error(`string escape: "de\velop" should decode to "develop"`)
+	}
+
+	// parseStringLiteral: unterminated string literal.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH == "no-end`, vars) {
+		t.Error("unterminated string: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+	if EvalIfStrict(`$BRANCH == "no-end`, vars) {
+		t.Error("unterminated string: expect strict-false")
+	}
+
+	// parseRegexLiteral: escape sequence in regex (backslash preserved).
+	// /^d\evelop/ → pattern "^d\evelop" — \e is invalid in Go regexp
+	// → compile error → permissive true.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ /^d\evelop/`, vars) {
+		t.Error("regex escape (bad compile): expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseRegexLiteral: unterminated regex (no closing '/').
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ /no-end`, vars) {
+		t.Error("unterminated regex: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+	if EvalIfStrict(`$BRANCH =~ /no-end`, vars) {
+		t.Error("unterminated regex: expect strict-false")
+	}
+
+	// applyRegexFlags: 'm' and 's' flags (exercises two additional switch cases).
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ /^DEV/ims`, vars) {
+		t.Error("regex /ims flags: case-insensitive should match 'develop'")
+	}
+
+	// extractRegexFromString: unterminated regex in variable value.
+	// UNTERMINATED_RE = "/no-end" (no closing '/') → permissive.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ $UNTERMINATED_RE`, vars) {
+		t.Error("unterminated re in var: expect permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// extractRegexFromString: escape sequence in variable value.
+	// ESCAPED_RE = /^dev\./  → pattern = "^dev\." (literal dot) → no match for "develop".
+	if EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ $ESCAPED_RE`, vars) {
+		t.Error("ESCAPED_RE=/^dev\\./ requires a literal dot; 'develop' has no dot")
+	}
+
+	// !~ permissive path (line 203-205): var value is a plain string, not /regex/ → permissive.
+	// BRANCH = "develop" which does not start with '/' → extractRegexFromString returns ok=false
+	// → parseRegexRHS returns permissive=true → !~ case returns (true, true).
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH !~ $BRANCH`, vars) {
+		t.Error("!~ plain-var rhs: plain variable value triggers permissive-true")
+	}
+
+	// parseRegexRHS: '$' in rhs but parseValue fails (line 244-246).
+	// '$}' — '$' followed by '}' which is not a valid identifier start → varOk=false.
+	if !EvalIf(`$BRANCH =~ $}`, vars) {
+		t.Error("=~ $}: parseValue fails → permissive-true (EvalIf overall)")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEvalIfStrict(t *testing.T) {
+	vars := func(key string) string {
+		m := map[string]string{
+			"CI_COMMIT_BRANCH":   "develop",
+			"CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE": "push",
+			"WORKFLOW":           "",
+		}
+		return m[key]
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		expr string
+		want bool
+	}{
+		// Parseable expressions behave identically to EvalIf.
+		{"parseable match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop"`, true},
+		{"parseable no match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, false},
+		{"single eq match", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH = "develop"`, true},
+		// Empty expression: ruleIfMatchesStrict handles the empty→true case
+		// before calling EvalIfStrict, so empty falls through to false here.
+		{"empty expr", ``, false},
+
+		// Unparseable expressions return false (strict) instead of true (permissive).
+		{"unparseable returns false", `this is not valid syntax %%%`, false},
+
+		// The key workflow-rule scenario: a complex condition with an
+		// unevaluable sub-expression should not match (strict=false) so that
+		// later workflow rules can be evaluated.
+		{"workflow rule complex no match", `$WORKFLOW = "gitflow" && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == /(push|web)/`, false},
+
+		// Compound with a bad second operand: strict returns false.
+		{"and with bad rhs strict false", `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop" && !(((`, false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := EvalIfStrict(tc.expr, vars)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("EvalIfStrict(%q) = %v, want %v", tc.expr, got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/cicontext/fuzz_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package cicontext
+
+import "testing"
+
+// FuzzEvalIf ensures the rules:if: expression evaluator never panics on
+// arbitrary input. It accepts two strings: the expression and a variable value
+// substituted for every variable reference encountered.
+// Run with: go test -fuzz=FuzzEvalIf ./internal/cicontext/
+func FuzzEvalIf(f *testing.F) {
+	// Seed corpus: representative expressions exercising every code path in
+	// the hand-rolled recursive-descent parser.
+	seeds := []struct{ expr, varVal string }{
+		// Simple comparisons
+		{`$VAR == "main"`, "main"},
+		{`$VAR != "main"`, "main"},
+		{`$VAR == null`, ""},
+		{`$VAR != null`, "x"},
+		// Regex operators
+		{`$VAR =~ /^v\d+\.\d+/`, "v1.2.3"},
+		{`$VAR !~ /^v\d+\.\d+/`, "not-a-version"},
+		{`$VAR =~ /^us\//`, "us/west"},
+		// Boolean operators
+		{`$A == "x" && $B == "y"`, "x"},
+		{`$A == "x" || $B == "y"`, "z"},
+		{`!($VAR == "main")`, "main"},
+		// Nested parens
+		{`($VAR == "a" || $VAR == "b") && $VAR != "c"`, "a"},
+		// Bare true / false
+		{`$VAR == true`, "true"},
+		{`$VAR == false`, "false"},
+		// Integer comparison (GitLab CI compares as strings)
+		{`$VAR == 42`, "42"},
+		// Regex with flags
+		{`$VAR =~ /main/i`, "MAIN"},
+		// Syntax errors / incomplete expressions
+		{``, ""},
+		{`&&`, ""},
+		{`$VAR =~`, "x"},
+		{`($VAR`, "x"},
+		{`$VAR == `, "x"},
+		// Variable syntax variants
+		{`${VAR} == "main"`, "main"},
+		// Deeply nested
+		{`((($VAR == "a")))`, "a"},
+		// String with escapes
+		{`$VAR == "hello\nworld"`, "hello\nworld"},
+		// Null literal
+		{`null == null`, ""},
+		{`$VAR == null`, ""},
+	}
+	for _, s := range seeds {
+		f.Add(s.expr, s.varVal)
+	}
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, expr, varVal string) {
+		// EvalIf must never panic; it may return any bool.
+		_ = EvalIf(expr, func(string) string { return varVal })
+		_ = EvalIfStrict(expr, func(string) string { return varVal })
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzExpandVarRefs ensures variable expansion in expression strings never
+// panics and never produces a longer output than the worst-case expansion bound.
+func FuzzExpandVarRefs(f *testing.F) {
+	seeds := []struct{ s, val string }{
+		{"$VAR", "hello"},
+		{"${VAR}", "hello"},
+		{"$A $B $C", "x"},
+		{"no vars here", ""},
+		{"$$double", "x"},
+		{"$", "x"},
+		{"${", "x"},
+		{"${}", "x"},
+		{"prefix_$VAR_suffix", "mid"},
+		{"$1INVALID", "x"},
+	}
+	for _, s := range seeds {
+		f.Add(s.s, s.val)
+	}
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, s, val string) {
+		vars := map[string]string{"VAR": val, "A": val, "B": val, "C": val}
+		_ = expandVarRefs(s, vars)
+	})
+}

internal/cicontext/reachability.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package cicontext
 
 import (
+	"path"
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -28,26 +29,37 @@ func (s JobState) String() string {
 	}
 }
 
-// EvalWorkflow returns false when the pipeline's workflow:rules block would
-// prevent any pipeline from starting in the given context.
-// Returns true when ctx is empty, when there is no workflow block, or when no
-// rule is configured.
-func EvalWorkflow(p *model.Pipeline, ctx *Context) bool {
+// EvalWorkflow evaluates the pipeline's workflow:rules block against ctx.
+// Returns (runs, ruleVars):
+//   - runs=false means the pipeline would not start for this context.
+//   - ruleVars holds any variables: defined on the matching rule; inject these
+//     into the context so job rules can reference them.
+//
+// Returns (true, nil) when ctx is empty, when there is no workflow block, or
+// when no rules are configured.
+func EvalWorkflow(p *model.Pipeline, ctx *Context) (bool, map[string]string) {
 	if ctx.IsEmpty() || p.Workflow == nil || len(p.Workflow.Rules) == 0 {
-		return true
+		return true, nil
 	}
 	vars := ctx.Get
 	for _, rule := range p.Workflow.Rules {
-		if !ruleIfMatches(rule.If, vars) {
+		// Workflow rules use strict evaluation: an unparseable condition is
+		// treated as no-match so later rules (with valid conditions or a
+		// bare when:) are reached. Permissive-true would cause an early rule
+		// with a complex/invalid condition to block all subsequent rules.
+		if !ruleIfMatchesStrict(rule.If, vars) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !changesMatch(rule.Changes, ctx) {
 			continue
 		}
 		when := rule.When
 		if when == "" {
 			when = "always"
 		}
-		return when != "never"
+		return when != "never", ExtractStringVars(rule.Variables)
 	}
-	return false // no rule matched → pipeline does not run
+	return false, nil // no rule matched → pipeline does not run
 }
 
 // EvalJob returns the effective JobState for job in the given context.
@@ -66,6 +78,9 @@ func EvalJob(job model.Job, ctx *Context) JobState {
 			if !ruleIfMatches(rule.If, vars) {
 				continue
 			}
+			if !changesMatch(rule.Changes, ctx) {
+				continue
+			}
 			return whenToState(rule.When)
 		}
 		return JobSkipped // no rule matched → job is excluded
@@ -90,6 +105,13 @@ func ruleIfMatches(ifExpr string, vars func(string) string) bool {
 	return EvalIf(ifExpr, vars)
 }
 
+func ruleIfMatchesStrict(ifExpr string, vars func(string) string) bool {
+	if ifExpr == "" {
+		return true // no if: condition → rule always matches
+	}
+	return EvalIfStrict(ifExpr, vars)
+}
+
 func whenToState(when string) JobState {
 	switch when {
 	case "never":
@@ -247,3 +269,91 @@ func matchGlob(pattern, s string) bool {
 	}
 	return len(s) == 0
 }
+
+// ── rules:changes: evaluation ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+// changesMatch reports whether the rule's changes: filter is satisfied.
+//
+//   - rule.Changes == nil → no filter; always true
+//   - ctx.changedFiles == nil → file list not provided; always true (permissive)
+//   - otherwise → true iff at least one changed file matches at least one pattern
+func changesMatch(changes any, ctx *Context) bool {
+	patterns := extractChangesPaths(changes)
+	if patterns == nil {
+		return true // no changes: filter
+	}
+	if ctx.changedFiles == nil {
+		return true // no file list provided → permissive
+	}
+	for _, changed := range ctx.changedFiles {
+		for _, pat := range patterns {
+			if doublestarMatch(pat, changed) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// extractChangesPaths normalises a rule.Changes value into a []string of glob
+// patterns. Returns nil when no changes: filter is present.
+func extractChangesPaths(changes any) []string {
+	switch v := changes.(type) {
+	case nil:
+		return nil
+	case string:
+		return []string{v}
+	case []string:
+		return v
+	case []any:
+		var out []string
+		for _, item := range v {
+			if s, ok := item.(string); ok {
+				out = append(out, s)
+			}
+		}
+		return out
+	case map[string]any:
+		// Extended form: { paths: [...], compare_to: "..." }
+		if raw, ok := v["paths"]; ok {
+			return extractChangesPaths(raw)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// doublestarMatch reports whether pattern matches the file path using GitLab-style
+// glob rules: '*' matches any character sequence within a single path segment;
+// '**' matches zero or more path segments (crossing '/' boundaries).
+func doublestarMatch(pattern, filePath string) bool {
+	return matchParts(strings.Split(pattern, "/"), strings.Split(filePath, "/"))
+}
+
+// matchParts is the recursive engine for doublestarMatch.
+func matchParts(pat, name []string) bool {
+	for len(pat) > 0 {
+		if pat[0] == "**" {
+			if len(pat) == 1 {
+				return true // trailing ** matches everything remaining
+			}
+			// ** can match 0, 1, 2, … leading segments of name.
+			for i := 0; i <= len(name); i++ {
+				if matchParts(pat[1:], name[i:]) {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+			return false
+		}
+		if len(name) == 0 {
+			return false
+		}
+		ok, err := path.Match(pat[0], name[0])
+		if err != nil || !ok {
+			return false
+		}
+		pat = pat[1:]
+		name = name[1:]
+	}
+	return len(name) == 0
+}

internal/cicontext/reachability_more_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+package cicontext
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// ── JobState.String ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestJobStateString(t *testing.T) {
+	if JobActive.String() != "active" { t.Errorf("active: got %q", JobActive.String()) }
+	if JobManual.String() != "manual" { t.Errorf("manual: got %q", JobManual.String()) }
+	if JobSkipped.String() != "skipped" { t.Errorf("skipped: got %q", JobSkipped.String()) }
+}
+
+// ── whenToState ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestWhenToState(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct { when string; want JobState }{
+		{"never",      JobSkipped},
+		{"manual",     JobManual},
+		{"on_success", JobActive},
+		{"always",     JobActive},
+		{"",           JobActive},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		got := whenToState(tc.when)
+		if got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("whenToState(%q)=%v want %v", tc.when, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ── EvalJob: only/except paths ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestEvalJob_OnlyExcept(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+
+	t.Run("only branches matches", func(t *testing.T) {
+		job := model.Job{Only: []any{"branches"}}
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobActive {
+			t.Error("expected active on branch")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("only tags excludes branch push", func(t *testing.T) {
+		job := model.Job{Only: []any{"tags"}}
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobSkipped {
+			t.Error("expected skipped — we are on a branch, not tag")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("except branches skips on branch push", func(t *testing.T) {
+		job := model.Job{Script: "echo ok", Except: []any{"branches"}}
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobSkipped {
+			t.Error("expected skipped — branches excluded")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("except non-matching source does not skip", func(t *testing.T) {
+		job := model.Job{Except: []any{"schedules"}}
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobActive {
+			t.Error("expected active — schedule is not the source")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("job when: manual with no filter", func(t *testing.T) {
+		job := model.Job{When: "manual"}
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobManual {
+			t.Error("expected manual")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty context returns active", func(t *testing.T) {
+		emptyCtx := New("", "", "", nil)
+		job := model.Job{Only: []any{"tags"}}
+		if EvalJob(job, emptyCtx) != JobActive {
+			t.Error("empty context should always return active")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── EvalJob: rules path ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestEvalJob_Rules(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+
+	t.Run("rule with never when excludes", func(t *testing.T) {
+		job := model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{{When: "never"}}}
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobSkipped {
+			t.Error("expected skipped — when:never")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no matching rule → skipped", func(t *testing.T) {
+		job := model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{
+			{If: "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"develop\"", When: "on_success"},
+		}}
+		if EvalJob(job, ctx) != JobSkipped {
+			t.Error("expected skipped — no rule matches main branch with develop condition")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── onlyMatches / exceptMatches ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestOnlyMatches(t *testing.T) {
+	branchCtx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+	tagCtx    := New("", "v1.0", "", nil)
+	mrCtx     := New("", "", "merge_request_event", nil)
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		only any
+		ctx  *Context
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{"nil only always matches", nil, branchCtx, true},
+		{"unrecognised form permissive", 42, branchCtx, true},
+		{"string form — branches keyword", "branches", branchCtx, true},
+		{"string form — tags keyword miss", "tags", branchCtx, false},
+		{"slice — merge_requests keyword", []any{"merge_requests"}, mrCtx, true},
+		{"slice — schedules keyword", []any{"schedules"}, branchCtx, false},
+		{"slice — pipelines keyword", []any{"pipelines"}, New("","","pipeline",nil), true},
+		{"slice — pushes keyword", []any{"pushes"}, New("","","push",nil), true},
+		{"slice — web keyword", []any{"web"}, New("","","web",nil), true},
+		{"slice — api keyword", []any{"api"}, New("","","api",nil), true},
+		{"slice — tag keyword match", []any{"tags"}, tagCtx, true},
+		{"glob pattern matches", []any{"feat/*"}, New("feat/abc","","",nil), true},
+		{"glob no match", []any{"feat/*"}, branchCtx, false},
+		{"regex pattern matches branch", []any{"/^main.*/"}, branchCtx, true},
+		{"regex pattern no match", []any{"/^develop/"}, branchCtx, false},
+		{"invalid regex treated as glob", []any{"/[invalid/"}, branchCtx, false},
+		{"map form with refs key", map[string]any{"refs": []any{"branches"}}, branchCtx, true},
+		{"map form no refs — permissive", map[string]any{"variables": []any{}}, branchCtx, true},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := onlyMatches(tc.only, tc.ctx)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("onlyMatches: got %v want %v", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExceptMatches(t *testing.T) {
+	branchCtx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name   string
+		except any
+		want   bool
+	}{
+		{"nil except never excludes", nil, false},
+		{"unrecognised form not excluded", 42, false},
+		{"branches excludes on branch push", []any{"branches"}, true},
+		{"tags does not exclude branch push", []any{"tags"}, false},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := exceptMatches(tc.except, branchCtx)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("exceptMatches: got %v want %v", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── extractRefList ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestExtractRefList(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		input any
+		wantN int // -1 means nil expected
+	}{
+		{"string", "branches", 1},
+		{"slice of strings", []any{"a", "b", "c"}, 3},
+		{"slice with non-string items skipped", []any{"a", 42, "b"}, 2},
+		{"map with refs key", map[string]any{"refs": []any{"branches"}}, 1},
+		{"map without refs key returns nil", map[string]any{"variables": nil}, -1},
+		{"unknown type returns nil", 123, -1},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := extractRefList(tc.input)
+			if tc.wantN == -1 {
+				if got != nil { t.Errorf("expected nil, got %v", got) }
+			} else {
+				if len(got) != tc.wantN { t.Errorf("len: got %d want %d (%v)", len(got), tc.wantN, got) }
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── globMatches / matchGlob ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestGlobMatches(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		pattern string
+		s       string
+		want    bool
+	}{
+		{"main", "main", true},
+		{"main", "develop", false},
+		{"feat/*", "feat/abc", true},
+		{"feat/*", "feat/", true},
+		{"feat/*", "main", false},
+		{"*", "anything", true},
+		{"*", "", true},
+		{"prefix*suffix", "prefixMIDDLEsuffix", true},
+		{"prefix*suffix", "prefixsuffix", true},
+		{"prefix*suffix", "prefixNO", false},
+		{"a*b*c", "aXbYc", true},
+		{"a*b*c", "abc", true},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.pattern+"/"+tc.s, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := globMatches(tc.pattern, tc.s)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("globMatches(%q, %q)=%v want %v", tc.pattern, tc.s, got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── refPatternMatches ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRefPatternMatches(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		pattern string
+		ref     string
+		want    bool
+	}{
+		{"/^main$/", "main", true},
+		{"/^main$/", "develop", false},
+		{"/feature/", "feature/abc", true},
+		{"feat/*", "feat/x", true},
+		{"main", "main", true},
+		{"main", "develop", false},
+		{"", "main", false},    // empty ref for pattern with no wildcard
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.pattern+"@"+tc.ref, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := refPatternMatches(tc.pattern, tc.ref)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("refPatternMatches(%q, %q)=%v want %v", tc.pattern, tc.ref, got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRefListMatches_Schedule verifies the "schedules" keyword matches when
+// CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE is "schedule".
+func TestRefListMatches_Schedule(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := New("", "", "schedule", nil)
+	if !refListMatches([]string{"schedules"}, ctx) {
+		t.Error("schedules keyword should match when source is 'schedule'")
+	}
+}

internal/cicontext/reachability_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+package cicontext
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestEvalWorkflow(t *testing.T) {
+	makePipeline := func(rules []model.Rule) *model.Pipeline {
+		return &model.Pipeline{Workflow: &model.Workflow{Rules: rules}}
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		rules    []model.Rule
+		branch   string
+		wantRuns bool
+		wantVars map[string]string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "no workflow block",
+			rules:    nil,
+			branch:   "main",
+			wantRuns: true,
+			wantVars: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "matching rule runs always",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, When: "always"},
+			},
+			branch:   "main",
+			wantRuns: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "matching rule when never",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, When: "never"},
+			},
+			branch:   "main",
+			wantRuns: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no rule matched",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`},
+			},
+			branch:   "develop",
+			wantRuns: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "matching rule with variables",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{
+					If:   `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`,
+					When: "always",
+					Variables: map[string]any{
+						"DEPLOY_TARGET": "production",
+						"ENVIRONMENT":   "prod",
+					},
+				},
+				{When: "always"},
+			},
+			branch:   "main",
+			wantRuns: true,
+			wantVars: map[string]string{
+				"DEPLOY_TARGET": "production",
+				"ENVIRONMENT":   "prod",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "fallback rule with different variables",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, Variables: map[string]any{"DEPLOY_TARGET": "production"}},
+				{When: "always", Variables: map[string]any{"DEPLOY_TARGET": "staging"}},
+			},
+			branch:   "develop",
+			wantRuns: true,
+			wantVars: map[string]string{"DEPLOY_TARGET": "staging"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty context always runs",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, When: "never"},
+			},
+			branch:   "", // no context
+			wantRuns: true,
+			wantVars: nil,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var p *model.Pipeline
+			if tc.rules == nil {
+				p = &model.Pipeline{}
+			} else {
+				p = makePipeline(tc.rules)
+			}
+			ctx := New(tc.branch, "", "", nil)
+			runs, vars := EvalWorkflow(p, ctx)
+			if runs != tc.wantRuns {
+				t.Errorf("EvalWorkflow runs = %v, want %v", runs, tc.wantRuns)
+			}
+			for k, want := range tc.wantVars {
+				if got := vars[k]; got != want {
+					t.Errorf("EvalWorkflow vars[%q] = %q, want %q", k, got, want)
+				}
+			}
+			if len(vars) != len(tc.wantVars) {
+				t.Errorf("EvalWorkflow returned %d vars, want %d; got %v", len(vars), len(tc.wantVars), vars)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestContextInject(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("inject does not overwrite pinned var", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", []string{"DEPLOY_TARGET=override"})
+		ctx.Inject("DEPLOY_TARGET", "workflow-value")
+		if got := ctx.Get("DEPLOY_TARGET"); got != "override" {
+			t.Errorf("Inject overwrote pinned var: got %q, want %q", got, "override")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("inject does not overwrite shortcut var", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.Inject("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH", "other")
+		if got := ctx.Get("CI_COMMIT_BRANCH"); got != "main" {
+			t.Errorf("Inject overwrote shortcut var: got %q, want %q", got, "main")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("inject sets new variable", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.Inject("DEPLOY_TARGET", "production")
+		if got := ctx.Get("DEPLOY_TARGET"); got != "production" {
+			t.Errorf("Inject did not set variable: got %q", got)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("inject later call overrides earlier call", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := New("main", "", "", nil)
+		ctx.Inject("DEPLOY_TARGET", "pipeline-default")
+		ctx.Inject("DEPLOY_TARGET", "workflow-override")
+		if got := ctx.Get("DEPLOY_TARGET"); got != "workflow-override" {
+			t.Errorf("second Inject did not win: got %q, want %q", got, "workflow-override")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestExtractStringVars(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		in   map[string]any
+		want map[string]string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "plain strings",
+			in:   map[string]any{"A": "hello", "B": "world"},
+			want: map[string]string{"A": "hello", "B": "world"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "extended value form",
+			in: map[string]any{
+				"KEY": map[string]any{"value": "extended", "description": "some desc"},
+			},
+			want: map[string]string{"KEY": "extended"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "mixed forms",
+			in: map[string]any{
+				"PLAIN":   "str",
+				"COMPLEX": map[string]any{"value": "val"},
+			},
+			want: map[string]string{"PLAIN": "str", "COMPLEX": "val"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "nil map",
+			in:   nil,
+			want: nil,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := ExtractStringVars(tc.in)
+			for k, want := range tc.want {
+				if got[k] != want {
+					t.Errorf("ExtractStringVars[%q] = %q, want %q", k, got[k], want)
+				}
+			}
+			if len(got) != len(tc.want) {
+				t.Errorf("ExtractStringVars returned %d entries, want %d", len(got), len(tc.want))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWorkflowVarsJobEval verifies the end-to-end flow: workflow rule injects
+// DEPLOY_TARGET, which is then used in a job's rules:if: expression.
+func TestWorkflowVarsJobEval(t *testing.T) {
+	rules := []model.Rule{
+		{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, Variables: map[string]any{"DEPLOY_TARGET": "production"}},
+		{When: "always", Variables: map[string]any{"DEPLOY_TARGET": "staging"}},
+	}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Workflow: &model.Workflow{Rules: rules},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"deploy-prod": {
+				Rules: []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$DEPLOY_TARGET == "production"`, When: "on_success"},
+					{When: "never"},
+				},
+			},
+			"deploy-staging": {
+				Rules: []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$DEPLOY_TARGET == "staging"`, When: "on_success"},
+					{When: "never"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		branch      string
+		wantProd    JobState
+		wantStaging JobState
+	}{
+		{"main", JobActive, JobSkipped},
+		{"develop", JobSkipped, JobActive},
+	} {
+		ctx := New(tc.branch, "", "", nil)
+		_, ruleVars := EvalWorkflow(p, ctx)
+		for k, v := range ruleVars {
+			ctx.Inject(k, v)
+		}
+		if got := EvalJob(p.Jobs["deploy-prod"], ctx); got != tc.wantProd {
+			t.Errorf("branch=%q deploy-prod = %v, want %v", tc.branch, got, tc.wantProd)
+		}
+		if got := EvalJob(p.Jobs["deploy-staging"], ctx); got != tc.wantStaging {
+			t.Errorf("branch=%q deploy-staging = %v, want %v", tc.branch, got, tc.wantStaging)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/config/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+// Filename is the name of the project-level glint configuration file.
+const Filename = ".glint.yml"
+
+// Config holds project-level glint configuration loaded from .glint.yml.
+type Config struct {
+	// Ignore lists rule IDs to suppress entirely (e.g. ["GL007", "GL032"]).
+	Ignore []string `yaml:"ignore"`
+
+	// Severity maps rule IDs to overridden severity levels.
+	// Valid values: "error", "warning", "ignore".
+	// "ignore" is equivalent to listing the rule in Ignore.
+	Severity map[string]string `yaml:"severity"`
+
+	// Stages lists additional stage names that are considered valid for this
+	// project, beyond what is declared in the pipeline's own stages: block.
+	// Jobs in these stages are not flagged by GL004.
+	Stages []string `yaml:"stages"`
+
+	// Token is a default GitLab personal access token used when neither the
+	// --token flag nor GITLAB_TOKEN (/ CI_JOB_TOKEN / GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN)
+	// environment variables are set.
+	Token string `yaml:"token"`
+
+	// URL is the default GitLab instance URL. Overridden by --gitlab-url and
+	// the CI_SERVER_URL / GITLAB_URL environment variables.
+	URL string `yaml:"url"`
+
+	// CacheDir is the default directory for caching fetched remote includes.
+	// Overridden by the --cache-dir flag.
+	CacheDir string `yaml:"cache_dir"`
+
+	// Proxy is the HTTP proxy URL for fetching remote includes and GitLab API
+	// calls (e.g. "http://proxy.example.com:8080"). Overridden by the --proxy
+	// flag. When empty, system proxy settings (HTTP_PROXY / HTTPS_PROXY /
+	// NO_PROXY env vars) are used automatically.
+	Proxy string `yaml:"proxy"`
+}
+
+// Load searches for a .glint.yml file starting from dir and walking up toward
+// the filesystem root. The walk stops at the first .git directory found (the
+// repository root) or at the filesystem root. Returns an empty Config (and no
+// error) when no config file is found.
+func Load(dir string) (Config, error) {
+	dir = filepath.Clean(dir)
+	for {
+		candidate := filepath.Join(dir, Filename)
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(candidate)
+		if err == nil {
+			var cfg Config
+			if yerr := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &cfg); yerr != nil {
+				return Config{}, fmt.Errorf("parsing %s: %w", candidate, yerr)
+			}
+			return cfg, nil
+		}
+		if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return Config{}, fmt.Errorf("reading %s: %w", candidate, err)
+		}
+
+		// Stop when we reach a git root so we don't wander into parent repos.
+		if _, serr := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, ".git")); serr == nil {
+			break
+		}
+
+		parent := filepath.Dir(dir)
+		if parent == dir {
+			break // filesystem root
+		}
+		dir = parent
+	}
+	return Config{}, nil
+}

internal/config/config_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestLoad_NotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	tmp := t.TempDir()
+	cfg, err := Load(tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.Ignore) != 0 || cfg.Token != "" || cfg.URL != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty config, got %+v", cfg)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLoad_Found(t *testing.T) {
+	tmp := t.TempDir()
+	content := `
+ignore:
+  - GL007
+  - GL032
+severity:
+  GL004: warning
+stages:
+  - quality
+token: glpat-test
+url: https://gitlab.example.com
+cache_dir: /tmp/glint-cache
+`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, Filename), []byte(content), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	cfg, err := Load(tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.Ignore) != 2 || cfg.Ignore[0] != "GL007" {
+		t.Errorf("ignore = %v", cfg.Ignore)
+	}
+	if cfg.Severity["GL004"] != "warning" {
+		t.Errorf("severity = %v", cfg.Severity)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.Stages) != 1 || cfg.Stages[0] != "quality" {
+		t.Errorf("stages = %v", cfg.Stages)
+	}
+	if cfg.Token != "glpat-test" {
+		t.Errorf("token = %q", cfg.Token)
+	}
+	if cfg.URL != "https://gitlab.example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("url = %q", cfg.URL)
+	}
+	if cfg.CacheDir != "/tmp/glint-cache" {
+		t.Errorf("cache_dir = %q", cfg.CacheDir)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLoad_WalksUp(t *testing.T) {
+	tmp := t.TempDir()
+	sub := filepath.Join(tmp, "subdir", "pipeline")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(sub, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Config at the top-level (no .git, so walk continues to tmp).
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, Filename), []byte("token: walked-up\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	cfg, err := Load(sub)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load: %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg.Token != "walked-up" {
+		t.Errorf("token = %q, want walked-up", cfg.Token)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLoad_StopsAtGitRoot(t *testing.T) {
+	tmp := t.TempDir()
+	sub := filepath.Join(tmp, "repo", "src")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(sub, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// .git marks the repo root — walk must stop here.
+	if err := os.Mkdir(filepath.Join(tmp, "repo", ".git"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Config placed ABOVE the .git root should not be found.
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, Filename), []byte("token: should-not-load\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	cfg, err := Load(sub)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load: %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg.Token != "" {
+		t.Errorf("token = %q, should not have crossed .git boundary", cfg.Token)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_ReadError covers the !os.IsNotExist(err) branch (config.go:59-61)
+// when the file exists but is not readable.
+func TestLoad_ReadError(t *testing.T) {
+	tmp := t.TempDir()
+	cfgPath := filepath.Join(tmp, Filename)
+	if err := os.WriteFile(cfgPath, []byte("ignore: []"), 0o000); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { os.Chmod(cfgPath, 0o644) })
+	_, err := Load(tmp)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error for unreadable config file")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLoad_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	tmp := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, Filename), []byte("ignore: [unclosed\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err := Load(tmp)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error for invalid YAML")
+	}
+}

internal/fetcher/cache.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package fetcher
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+)
+
+// cacheRead returns the cached bytes for the given cache key, or (nil, false)
+// on a miss (key not present, dir empty, or any read error).
+func cacheRead(dir, key string) ([]byte, bool) {
+	if dir == "" {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(cachePath(dir, key))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return data, true
+}
+
+// cacheWrite stores bytes in the cache for the given key. Write errors are
+// silently ignored so cache failures never block the normal fetch path.
+func cacheWrite(dir, key string, data []byte) {
+	if dir == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o700); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	_ = os.WriteFile(cachePath(dir, key), data, 0o600)
+}
+
+// cachePath returns the filesystem path for a cache entry.
+// The filename is the SHA-256 hex digest of the key so arbitrary keys (URLs,
+// "project:file@ref" strings) map to safe, stable filenames.
+func cachePath(dir, key string) string {
+	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(key))
+	return filepath.Join(dir, fmt.Sprintf("%x.yml", h))
+}

internal/fetcher/cache_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package fetcher
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestCachePath(t *testing.T) {
+	p1 := cachePath("/tmp/cache", "key1")
+	p2 := cachePath("/tmp/cache", "key2")
+	if p1 == p2 {
+		t.Error("different keys should produce different paths")
+	}
+	if filepath.Dir(p1) != "/tmp/cache" {
+		t.Errorf("expected /tmp/cache dir, got %q", filepath.Dir(p1))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCacheReadMiss(t *testing.T) {
+	// empty dir → miss
+	data, ok := cacheRead("", "key")
+	if ok || data != nil {
+		t.Error("empty cacheDir should always miss")
+	}
+
+	// nonexistent entry → miss
+	data, ok = cacheRead(t.TempDir(), "nonexistent-key")
+	if ok || data != nil {
+		t.Error("missing cache entry should miss")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCacheWriteAndRead(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	key := "https://example.com/template.yml"
+	content := []byte("stages: [build]")
+
+	cacheWrite(dir, key, content)
+
+	got, ok := cacheRead(dir, key)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("expected cache hit after write")
+	}
+	if string(got) != string(content) {
+		t.Errorf("cached content mismatch: got %q want %q", got, content)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCacheWrite_EmptyDir(t *testing.T) {
+	// Should silently do nothing when dir is empty string.
+	cacheWrite("", "key", []byte("data"))
+}
+
+// TestCacheWrite_DirIsFile covers the os.MkdirAll error path (cache.go:29-31)
+// when the cache dir path is occupied by a regular file.
+func TestCacheWrite_DirIsFile(t *testing.T) {
+	f := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "file")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(f, []byte("occupied"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// MkdirAll(f) fails because f is a file, not a directory.
+	cacheWrite(f, "key", []byte("data"))
+	// No panic, no error returned — the function silently returns.
+}
+
+func TestCacheWrite_MkdirAll(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "sub", "dir")
+	cacheWrite(dir, "k", []byte("v"))
+	if _, err := os.Stat(dir); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("directory not created: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCacheWrite_FilePermissions(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	cacheWrite(dir, "seckey", []byte("secret"))
+	info, err := os.Stat(cachePath(dir, "seckey"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("stat cache file: %v", err)
+	}
+	if mode := info.Mode().Perm(); mode != 0o600 {
+		t.Errorf("cache file mode = %04o; want 0600", mode)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCacheWrite_DirPermissions(t *testing.T) {
+	parent := t.TempDir()
+	dir := filepath.Join(parent, "glint-cache")
+	cacheWrite(dir, "k", []byte("v"))
+	info, err := os.Stat(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("stat cache dir: %v", err)
+	}
+	if mode := info.Mode().Perm(); mode != 0o700 {
+		t.Errorf("cache dir mode = %04o; want 0700", mode)
+	}
+}

internal/fetcher/gitlab.go

@@ -8,8 +8,18 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 )
 
+// httpClient is the shared HTTP client for all fetcher requests.
+// Timeout guards against hung remote servers. Transport is intentionally nil
+// so http.DefaultTransport is used dynamically — allowing tests to swap it.
+var httpClient = &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+
+// maxResponseBytes is the per-response size cap. Responses larger than this
+// are rejected to prevent memory exhaustion from pathological servers.
+const maxResponseBytes int64 = 10 << 20 // 10 MiB
+
 // TokenSource describes where a token was found, which determines the correct
 // authentication header to use with the GitLab API.
 type TokenSource int
@@ -22,9 +32,15 @@ const (
 
 // GitLabConfig holds everything needed to reach a GitLab instance.
 type GitLabConfig struct {
-	BaseURL string
-	Token   string
-	Source  TokenSource
+	BaseURL  string
+	Token    string
+	Source   TokenSource
+	CacheDir string // local cache directory; empty = caching disabled
+	Offline  bool   // when true, return an error instead of making network calls
+	// ProxyURL overrides the HTTP proxy for all requests made with this config.
+	// Empty string means use system proxy settings (HTTP_PROXY / HTTPS_PROXY /
+	// NO_PROXY env vars honoured automatically by http.DefaultTransport).
+	ProxyURL string
 }
 
 // AutoConfig builds a GitLabConfig from environment variables.
@@ -54,8 +70,38 @@ func AutoConfig() GitLabConfig {
 	return cfg
 }
 
-// WithOverrides returns a copy of cfg with non-empty overrides applied.
-func (cfg GitLabConfig) WithOverrides(baseURL, token string) GitLabConfig {
+// WithProxy returns a copy of cfg with ProxyURL set.
+func (cfg GitLabConfig) WithProxy(proxyURL string) GitLabConfig {
+	cfg.ProxyURL = proxyURL
+	return cfg
+}
+
+// client returns an HTTP client for this config.
+// When ProxyURL is set it takes precedence over system proxy env vars;
+// otherwise http.DefaultTransport's built-in ProxyFromEnvironment is used.
+func (cfg GitLabConfig) client() *http.Client {
+	if cfg.ProxyURL == "" {
+		return httpClient
+	}
+	proxyURL, err := url.Parse(cfg.ProxyURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return httpClient
+	}
+	// Clone the default transport so all TLS/dial settings are preserved.
+	t, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		return httpClient
+	}
+	transport := t.Clone()
+	transport.Proxy = http.ProxyURL(proxyURL)
+	return &http.Client{Timeout: httpClient.Timeout, Transport: transport}
+}
+
+// WithOverrides returns a copy of cfg with the provided overrides applied.
+// Non-empty strings overwrite the corresponding field; booleans are always
+// applied (so offline: false explicitly clears offline mode).
+// cacheDir: empty string disables caching.
+func (cfg GitLabConfig) WithOverrides(baseURL, token, cacheDir string, offline bool) GitLabConfig {
 	if baseURL != "" {
 		cfg.BaseURL = strings.TrimRight(baseURL, "/")
 	}
@@ -63,6 +109,8 @@ func (cfg GitLabConfig) WithOverrides(baseURL, token string) GitLabConfig {
 		cfg.Token = token
 		cfg.Source = TokenPrivate
 	}
+	cfg.CacheDir = cacheDir
+	cfg.Offline = offline
 	return cfg
 }
 
@@ -84,16 +132,24 @@ func (cfg GitLabConfig) HasToken() bool { return cfg.Token != "" }
 //   - filePath — repository file path, e.g. "/templates/ci.yml"
 //   - ref      — branch, tag, or commit SHA; empty string defaults to HEAD
 func (cfg GitLabConfig) FetchFile(project, filePath, ref string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if ref == "" {
+		ref = "HEAD"
+	}
+
+	cKey := cfg.BaseURL + "|" + project + "|" + filePath + "|" + ref
+	if data, ok := cacheRead(cfg.CacheDir, cKey); ok {
+		return data, nil
+	}
+	if cfg.Offline {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("offline mode: %s:%s@%s is not in the local cache (run without --offline first to populate the cache)", project, filePath, ref)
+	}
+
 	encodedProject := url.PathEscape(project)
 	encodedFile := url.PathEscape(strings.TrimPrefix(filePath, "/"))
 
 	apiURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/api/v4/projects/%s/repository/files/%s/raw",
 		cfg.BaseURL, encodedProject, encodedFile)
 
-	if ref == "" {
-		ref = "HEAD"
-	}
-
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, apiURL, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("building request: %w", err)
@@ -113,16 +169,19 @@ func (cfg GitLabConfig) FetchFile(project, filePath, ref string) ([]byte, error)
 		}
 	}
 
-	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	resp, err := cfg.client().Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("GET %s: %w", apiURL, err)
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, maxResponseBytes+1))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("reading response body: %w", err)
 	}
+	if int64(len(body)) > maxResponseBytes {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("response body exceeds maximum size (%d MiB)", maxResponseBytes>>20)
+	}
 
 	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		msg := strings.TrimSpace(string(body))
@@ -139,24 +198,37 @@ func (cfg GitLabConfig) FetchFile(project, filePath, ref string) ([]byte, error)
 		}
 	}
 
+	cacheWrite(cfg.CacheDir, cKey, body)
 	return body, nil
 }
 
 // FetchURL downloads the content at a plain HTTPS URL without authentication.
 // Used for include: remote: entries which are public by definition.
-func FetchURL(rawURL string) ([]byte, error) {
-	resp, err := http.Get(rawURL) //nolint:noctx
+// Responses are read from and written to the local cache when CacheDir is set.
+func (cfg GitLabConfig) FetchURL(rawURL string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if data, ok := cacheRead(cfg.CacheDir, rawURL); ok {
+		return data, nil
+	}
+	if cfg.Offline {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("offline mode: %s is not in the local cache (run without --offline first to populate the cache)", rawURL)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := cfg.client().Get(rawURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("GET %s: %w", rawURL, err)
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, maxResponseBytes+1))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("reading body: %w", err)
 	}
+	if int64(len(body)) > maxResponseBytes {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("response body exceeds maximum size (%d MiB)", maxResponseBytes>>20)
+	}
 	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("GET %s: status %d", rawURL, resp.StatusCode)
 	}
+	cacheWrite(cfg.CacheDir, rawURL, body)
 	return body, nil
 }
 

internal/fetcher/gitlab_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
+package fetcher
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// roundTripFunc allows constructing a custom http.RoundTripper from a function.
+type roundTripFunc func(*http.Request) (*http.Response, error)
+
+func (f roundTripFunc) RoundTrip(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) { return f(r) }
+
+// errReader is an io.Reader that always returns an error.
+type errReader struct{}
+
+func (e errReader) Read([]byte) (int, error) { return 0, errors.New("read error") }
+
+// replaceTransport temporarily replaces http.DefaultTransport and restores it.
+func replaceTransport(t *testing.T, rt http.RoundTripper) {
+	t.Helper()
+	orig := http.DefaultTransport
+	http.DefaultTransport = rt
+	t.Cleanup(func() { http.DefaultTransport = orig })
+}
+
+// ── firstNonEmpty ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestFirstNonEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	if firstNonEmpty("", "", "c") != "c" { t.Error("should return first non-empty") }
+	if firstNonEmpty("a", "b") != "a" { t.Error("should return first") }
+	if firstNonEmpty("", "") != "" { t.Error("all empty → empty") }
+}
+
+// ── AutoConfig ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestAutoConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	// Clear relevant env vars
+	for _, k := range []string{"CI_SERVER_URL", "GITLAB_URL", "GITLAB_TOKEN", "CI_JOB_TOKEN", "GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN"} {
+		os.Unsetenv(k)
+	}
+	cfg := AutoConfig()
+	if cfg.BaseURL != "https://gitlab.com" {
+		t.Errorf("default BaseURL: %q", cfg.BaseURL)
+	}
+	if cfg.Token != "" {
+		t.Error("expected no token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAutoConfig_EnvVars(t *testing.T) {
+	os.Setenv("CI_SERVER_URL", "https://my.gitlab.example.com/")
+	os.Setenv("GITLAB_TOKEN", "glpat-test")
+	defer func() {
+		os.Unsetenv("CI_SERVER_URL")
+		os.Unsetenv("GITLAB_TOKEN")
+	}()
+	cfg := AutoConfig()
+	if cfg.BaseURL != "https://my.gitlab.example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("trailing slash not trimmed: %q", cfg.BaseURL)
+	}
+	if cfg.Token != "glpat-test" || cfg.Source != TokenPrivate {
+		t.Errorf("token: %q source: %v", cfg.Token, cfg.Source)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAutoConfig_CIJobToken(t *testing.T) {
+	os.Unsetenv("GITLAB_TOKEN")
+	os.Setenv("CI_JOB_TOKEN", "job-token-123")
+	defer os.Unsetenv("CI_JOB_TOKEN")
+	cfg := AutoConfig()
+	if cfg.Token != "job-token-123" || cfg.Source != TokenJobToken {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected: %+v", cfg)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAutoConfig_PrivateToken(t *testing.T) {
+	os.Unsetenv("GITLAB_TOKEN")
+	os.Unsetenv("CI_JOB_TOKEN")
+	os.Setenv("GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN", "legacy-token")
+	defer os.Unsetenv("GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN")
+	cfg := AutoConfig()
+	if cfg.Token != "legacy-token" || cfg.Source != TokenPrivate {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected: %+v", cfg)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAutoConfig_GitlabURL(t *testing.T) {
+	os.Unsetenv("CI_SERVER_URL")
+	os.Setenv("GITLAB_URL", "https://gl.local")
+	defer os.Unsetenv("GITLAB_URL")
+	cfg := AutoConfig()
+	if cfg.BaseURL != "https://gl.local" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected BaseURL: %q", cfg.BaseURL)
+	}
+}
+
+// ── WithOverrides ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestWithOverrides(t *testing.T) {
+	base := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: "https://gitlab.com", Token: "old", Source: TokenPrivate}
+	got := base.WithOverrides("https://other.com/", "new-token", "/cache", true)
+	if got.BaseURL != "https://other.com" { t.Errorf("BaseURL: %q", got.BaseURL) }
+	if got.Token != "new-token" { t.Error("Token not overridden") }
+	if got.CacheDir != "/cache" { t.Error("CacheDir not set") }
+	if !got.Offline { t.Error("Offline not set") }
+	// empty string leaves BaseURL alone
+	got2 := base.WithOverrides("", "", "", false)
+	if got2.BaseURL != "https://gitlab.com" { t.Error("empty override should not change BaseURL") }
+}
+
+// ── ForHost ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestForHost(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: "https://gitlab.com"}
+	got := cfg.ForHost("my-host.example.com")
+	if got.BaseURL != "https://my-host.example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected BaseURL: %q", got.BaseURL)
+	}
+}
+
+// ── HasToken ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestHasToken(t *testing.T) {
+	if (GitLabConfig{}).HasToken() { t.Error("empty config should have no token") }
+	if !(GitLabConfig{Token: "x"}).HasToken() { t.Error("config with token should have token") }
+}
+
+// ── FetchFile ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestFetchFile_FromCache(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	key := "https://gitlab.com|my/project|/templates/ci.yml|HEAD"
+	cacheWrite(dir, key, []byte("cached: true"))
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: "https://gitlab.com", CacheDir: dir}
+	data, err := cfg.FetchFile("my/project", "/templates/ci.yml", "")
+	if err != nil { t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err) }
+	if string(data) != "cached: true" { t.Errorf("got %q", data) }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_Offline_Miss(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: "https://gitlab.com", Offline: true}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil { t.Fatal("expected error in offline mode") }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_OK(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		w.Write([]byte("script: echo ok"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok", Source: TokenPrivate}
+	data, err := cfg.FetchFile("ns/proj", "/ci.yml", "main")
+	if err != nil { t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err) }
+	if string(data) != "script: echo ok" { t.Errorf("got %q", data) }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_Unauthorized_NoToken(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil { t.Fatal("expected error") }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_Unauthorized_WithToken(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok", Source: TokenPrivate}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil { t.Fatal("expected error") }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_NotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
+		w.Write([]byte("not found"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil { t.Fatal("expected error") }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_OtherStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		w.Write([]byte("server error"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil { t.Fatal("expected error") }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_JobToken(t *testing.T) {
+	var gotHeader string
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		gotHeader = r.Header.Get("JOB-TOKEN")
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		w.Write([]byte("ok"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "ci-job-tok", Source: TokenJobToken}
+	cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if gotHeader != "ci-job-tok" {
+		t.Errorf("JOB-TOKEN header not sent, got %q", gotHeader)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_WritesToCache(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		w.Write([]byte("stage: build"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, CacheDir: dir}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/ci.yml", "main")
+	if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	// Second call should hit cache
+	data, ok := cacheRead(dir, srv.URL+"|p/q|/ci.yml|main")
+	if !ok { t.Fatal("cache miss after fetch") }
+	if string(data) != "stage: build" { t.Errorf("unexpected cache content: %q", data) }
+}
+
+// ── FetchURL ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestFetchURL_OK(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		w.Write([]byte("remote: content"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	data, err := cfg.FetchURL(srv.URL + "/template.yml")
+	if err != nil { t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err) }
+	if string(data) != "remote: content" { t.Errorf("got %q", data) }
+}
+
+func TestFetchURL_FromCache(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	rawURL := "https://example.com/tmpl.yml"
+	cacheWrite(dir, rawURL, []byte("cached"))
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{CacheDir: dir}
+	data, err := cfg.FetchURL(rawURL)
+	if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	if string(data) != "cached" { t.Errorf("got %q", data) }
+}
+
+func TestFetchURL_Offline(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{Offline: true}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchURL("https://example.com/tmpl.yml")
+	if err == nil { t.Fatal("expected error in offline mode") }
+}
+
+// TestFetchFile_NewRequestFails covers gitlab.go:113-115 — http.NewRequest error
+// when the BaseURL contains a control character (null byte) making the URL invalid.
+func TestFetchFile_NewRequestFails(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: "https://example.com\x00"}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for URL with null byte")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchFile_DoFails covers gitlab.go:132-134 — http.DefaultClient.Do error.
+func TestFetchFile_DoFails(t *testing.T) {
+	replaceTransport(t, roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+		return nil, errors.New("transport error")
+	}))
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: "https://example.com"}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error when transport fails")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchFile_ReadBodyFails covers gitlab.go:138-140 — io.ReadAll error on the
+// response body.
+func TestFetchFile_ReadBodyFails(t *testing.T) {
+	replaceTransport(t, roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+		return &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Body:       io.NopCloser(errReader{}),
+			Header:     make(http.Header),
+		}, nil
+	}))
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: "https://example.com"}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("p/q", "/f.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error when body read fails")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchURL_GetFails covers gitlab.go:173-175 — http.Get error.
+func TestFetchURL_GetFails(t *testing.T) {
+	replaceTransport(t, roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+		return nil, errors.New("get failed")
+	}))
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchURL("https://example.com/template.yml")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error when http.Get fails")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchURL_ReadBodyFails covers gitlab.go:178-180 — io.ReadAll error on the
+// FetchURL response body.
+func TestFetchURL_ReadBodyFails(t *testing.T) {
+	replaceTransport(t, roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+		return &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Body:       io.NopCloser(errReader{}),
+			Header:     make(http.Header),
+		}, nil
+	}))
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchURL("https://example.com/template.yml")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error when FetchURL body read fails")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchURL_NotOK(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchURL(srv.URL)
+	if err == nil { t.Fatal("expected error for non-200 status") }
+}
+
+func TestFetchFile_ResponseTooLarge(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		// Write maxResponseBytes+1 bytes to exceed the cap.
+		chunk := make([]byte, 4096)
+		written := int64(0)
+		for written <= maxResponseBytes {
+			n, _ := w.Write(chunk)
+			written += int64(n)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchFile("group/project", "/ci.yml", "main")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for oversized response")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "exceeds maximum size") {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchURL_ResponseTooLarge(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		chunk := make([]byte, 4096)
+		written := int64(0)
+		for written <= maxResponseBytes {
+			n, _ := w.Write(chunk)
+			written += int64(n)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := GitLabConfig{}
+	_, err := cfg.FetchURL(srv.URL)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for oversized response")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "exceeds maximum size") {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}

internal/graph/includes.go

@@ -55,9 +55,7 @@ func (b *treeBuilder) nextID() string {
 
 func (b *treeBuilder) buildChildren(parent *treeNode, rawIncludes []any) {
 	for _, entry := range rawIncludes {
-		for _, child := range b.parseEntry(entry) {
-			parent.children = append(parent.children, child)
-		}
+		parent.children = append(parent.children, b.parseEntry(entry)...)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -179,7 +177,7 @@ func (b *treeBuilder) recurseRemote(node *treeNode, rawURL string) {
 	}
 	b.visited[key] = true
 
-	data, err := fetcher.FetchURL(rawURL)
+	data, err := b.cfg.FetchURL(rawURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}

internal/graph/includes_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+package graph
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// ── mermaidLabel ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestMermaidLabel(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct{ in, want string }{
+		{"plain", "plain"},
+		{`has "quotes"`, "has 'quotes'"},
+		{"has#hash", "has#hash"},
+		{`"quoted"#both`, "'quoted'#both"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		got := mermaidLabel(tc.in)
+		if got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("mermaidLabel(%q)=%q want %q", tc.in, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ── includeFileList ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestIncludeFileList(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := includeFileList("file.yml"); len(got) != 1 || got[0] != "file.yml" {
+		t.Error("string form")
+	}
+	if got := includeFileList([]any{"a.yml", "b.yml"}); len(got) != 2 {
+		t.Error("slice form")
+	}
+	if got := includeFileList([]any{"ok.yml", 42}); len(got) != 1 {
+		t.Error("mixed slice drops non-strings")
+	}
+	if got := includeFileList(nil); got != nil {
+		t.Error("nil should return nil")
+	}
+	if got := includeFileList(123); got != nil {
+		t.Error("unknown type returns nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── parseComponentRef ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestParseComponentRef(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		ref       string
+		wantHost  string
+		wantProj  string
+		wantComp  string
+		wantVer   string
+		wantErr   bool
+	}{
+		{
+			ref: "gitlab.com/group/project/component@v1.0",
+			wantHost: "gitlab.com", wantProj: "group/project", wantComp: "component", wantVer: "v1.0",
+		},
+		{
+			ref: "gitlab.com/a/b/c/d@main",
+			wantHost: "gitlab.com", wantProj: "a/b/c", wantComp: "d", wantVer: "main",
+		},
+		{ref: "no-at-sign", wantErr: true},
+		{ref: "no-at-sign@", wantErr: true},
+		{ref: "host/comp@v1", wantErr: true}, // only 2 parts — need at least 3
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		host, proj, comp, ver, err := parseComponentRef(tc.ref)
+		if tc.wantErr {
+			if err == nil { t.Errorf("parseComponentRef(%q): expected error", tc.ref) }
+			continue
+		}
+		if err != nil { t.Errorf("parseComponentRef(%q): %v", tc.ref, err) }
+		if host != tc.wantHost { t.Errorf("host: got %q want %q", host, tc.wantHost) }
+		if proj != tc.wantProj { t.Errorf("project: got %q want %q", proj, tc.wantProj) }
+		if comp != tc.wantComp { t.Errorf("component: got %q want %q", comp, tc.wantComp) }
+		if ver != tc.wantVer  { t.Errorf("version: got %q want %q", ver, tc.wantVer) }
+	}
+}
+
+// ── jobNames ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestJobNames_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}}
+	if got := jobNames(p); got != nil {
+		t.Errorf("empty pipeline: expected nil, got %v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// ── treeBuilder helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestNextID(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}}
+	if b.nextID() != "inc1" { t.Error("first ID") }
+	if b.nextID() != "inc2" { t.Error("second ID") }
+}
+
+func TestParseEntry_String(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, baseDir: "/tmp"}
+	nodes := b.parseEntry("some/local.yml")
+	if len(nodes) != 1 { t.Fatalf("expected 1 node, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+	if !strings.Contains(nodes[0].label, "local:") { t.Error("expected local: label") }
+}
+
+func TestParseEntry_Unknown(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}}
+	nodes := b.parseEntry(42) // unknown type
+	if len(nodes) != 0 { t.Error("expected no nodes for unknown type") }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Template(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}}
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{"template": "Auto-DevOps"})
+	if len(nodes) != 1 { t.Fatalf("expected 1 node, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+	if !strings.Contains(nodes[0].label, "template:") { t.Error("expected template: label") }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Remote(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, cfg: fetcher.GitLabConfig{}}
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{"remote": "https://example.com/ci.yml"})
+	if len(nodes) != 1 { t.Fatalf("expected 1 node, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+	if !strings.Contains(nodes[0].label, "remote:") { t.Error("expected remote: label") }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Project_NoFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, cfg: fetcher.GitLabConfig{}}
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{"project": "g/p"})
+	if len(nodes) != 1 { t.Fatalf("expected 1 node, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+	if !strings.Contains(nodes[0].label, "project:") { t.Error("expected project: label") }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Project_WithRef(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, cfg: fetcher.GitLabConfig{}}
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{
+		"project": "g/p",
+		"ref":     "main",
+		"file":    "templates/ci.yml",
+	})
+	if len(nodes) != 1 { t.Fatalf("expected 1 node, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Project_MultipleFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, cfg: fetcher.GitLabConfig{}}
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{
+		"project": "g/p",
+		"file":    []any{"a.yml", "b.yml"},
+	})
+	if len(nodes) != 2 { t.Fatalf("expected 2 nodes, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Component_WithDollar(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}}
+	// Component ref with $ — skipped (dynamic, can't resolve)
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{"component": "${CI_SERVER_HOST}/group/project/comp@v1"})
+	if len(nodes) != 1 { t.Fatalf("expected 1 node, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+	if nodes[0].jobs != nil { t.Error("jobs should be nil for unresolvable component") }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Component_BadRef(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, cfg: fetcher.GitLabConfig{}}
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{"component": "no-at-sign"})
+	if len(nodes) != 1 { t.Fatalf("expected 1 node, got %d", len(nodes)) }
+}
+
+func TestParseMap_Unknown(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}}
+	nodes := b.parseMap(map[string]any{"unknown_key": "value"})
+	if len(nodes) != 0 { t.Error("expected no nodes for unknown map keys") }
+}
+
+// ── recurseLocal ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRecurseLocal_FileNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, baseDir: "/nonexistent"}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseLocal(node, "missing.yml")
+	if node.jobs != nil { t.Error("jobs should remain nil on missing file") }
+}
+
+func TestRecurseLocal_ValidFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	ciPath := filepath.Join(dir, "ci.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(ciPath, []byte("job1:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, baseDir: dir}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseLocal(node, "ci.yml")
+	if len(node.jobs) == 0 { t.Error("expected jobs to be populated") }
+}
+
+func TestRecurseLocal_VisitedPrevents_Loop(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	ciPath := filepath.Join(dir, "ci.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(ciPath, []byte("job1:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{"local:" + ciPath: true},
+		baseDir: dir,
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseLocal(node, "ci.yml")
+	if len(node.jobs) != 0 { t.Error("visited node should not be parsed again") }
+}
+
+func TestRecurseLocal_WithNestedIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	// parent.yml includes child.yml
+	childPath := filepath.Join(dir, "child.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(childPath, []byte("child-job:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	parentPath := filepath.Join(dir, "parent.yml")
+	parentContent := "include:\n  - local: child.yml\nparent-job:\n  script: echo\n"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(parentPath, []byte(parentContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, baseDir: dir}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseLocal(node, "parent.yml")
+	if len(node.children) == 0 { t.Error("expected children from nested include") }
+}
+
+func TestRecurseLocal_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	ciPath := filepath.Join(dir, "bad.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(ciPath, []byte(":\tbad\tyaml\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, baseDir: dir}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseLocal(node, "bad.yml")
+	if node.jobs != nil { t.Error("invalid YAML should not set jobs") }
+}
+
+// ── directJobs ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestDirectJobs_MissingFile(t *testing.T) {
+	if jobs := directJobs("/nonexistent/ci.yml"); jobs != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil for missing file")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDirectJobs_ValidFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	ciPath := filepath.Join(dir, "ci.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(ciPath, []byte("build:\n  script: make\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	jobs := directJobs(ciPath)
+	if len(jobs) == 0 { t.Error("expected jobs from valid file") }
+}
+
+// ── renderTree ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRenderTree_Basic(t *testing.T) {
+	root := &treeNode{
+		id:    "root",
+		label: "main.yml",
+		class: "main",
+		jobs:  []string{"job-a", "job-b"},
+		children: []*treeNode{
+			{id: "inc1", label: "local: child.yml", class: "local"},
+		},
+	}
+	out := renderTree(root)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "main.yml") { t.Error("expected root label") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "job-a") { t.Error("expected job-a") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "child.yml") { t.Error("expected child label") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "root --> inc1") { t.Error("expected edge root→inc1") }
+}
+
+// ── Includes (integration) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestIncludes_LocalFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+
+	childPath := filepath.Join(dir, "child.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(childPath, []byte("child-job:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	sourcePath := filepath.Join(dir, "pipeline.yml")
+	rawIncludes := []any{map[string]any{"local": "child.yml"}}
+
+	out := Includes(sourcePath, rawIncludes, fetcher.GitLabConfig{})
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "local:") { t.Error("expected local: node") }
+}
+
+func TestIncludes_NoIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	sourcePath := filepath.Join(dir, "pipeline.yml")
+	out := Includes(sourcePath, nil, fetcher.GitLabConfig{})
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "flowchart") { t.Error("expected flowchart") }
+}
+
+// ── fetchComponentFile (graph package) ────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestGraphFetchComponentFile_PrimarySuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "comp-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	data, err := fetchComponentFile(cfg, "g/p", "mycomp", "v1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("primary success: unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty data")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── recurseRemote ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRecurseRemote_AlreadyVisited(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{"remote:http://example.com/ci.yml": true},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseRemote(node, "http://example.com/ci.yml")
+	// Visited: nothing should be fetched or added.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseRemote_ValidWithJobs(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "remote-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseRemote(node, srv.URL+"/ci.yml")
+	if len(node.jobs) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected job names from remote YAML")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecurseRemote_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, ":\tbad\tyaml")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseRemote(node, srv.URL+"/bad.yml")
+	// ParseBytes fails → early return; no panic.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseRemote_WithSubIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	// The remote YAML includes a second URL (sub-includes path).
+	var callCount int
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		callCount++
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		if callCount == 1 {
+			// First call: returns YAML with a remote sub-include.
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, "include:\n  - remote: http://127.0.0.1:0/sub.yml\nparent-job:\n  script: echo")
+		} else {
+			// Sub-include fetch will fail (connection refused) — that's OK; we
+			// just need the sub-include routing path to be executed.
+			w.WriteHeader(500)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+		counter: 0,
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseRemote(node, srv.URL+"/ci.yml")
+	// parent-job should be in node.jobs even if sub-include fails.
+	if len(node.jobs) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected job names from remote YAML")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── recurseComponent ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+// tlsHost returns a helper that creates a TLS test server, swaps http.DefaultTransport
+// so the test client trusts the self-signed cert, and returns (close, host).
+func tlsComponent(t *testing.T, handler http.HandlerFunc) (host string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	srv := httptest.NewTLSServer(handler)
+	t.Cleanup(srv.Close)
+	orig := http.DefaultTransport
+	http.DefaultTransport = srv.Client().Transport
+	t.Cleanup(func() { http.DefaultTransport = orig })
+	return srv.URL[len("https://"):]
+}
+
+func TestRecurseComponent_AlreadyVisited(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{"component:gitlab.com/g/p/comp@v1": true},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseComponent(node, "gitlab.com/g/p/comp@v1")
+	// Already visited: nothing happens.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseComponent_DollarRef(t *testing.T) {
+	// ref containing $ → early return (line 196-197)
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, cfg: fetcher.GitLabConfig{}}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseComponent(node, "$CI_SERVER/g/p/comp@v1")
+	// no panic, node unchanged
+}
+
+func TestRecurseComponent_BadRef(t *testing.T) {
+	// ref with no @ → parseComponentRef fails (line 206-208)
+	b := &treeBuilder{visited: map[string]bool{}, cfg: fetcher.GitLabConfig{}}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseComponent(node, "gitlab.com/g/p/mycomp-no-version")
+	// no panic
+}
+
+func TestRecurseComponent_FetchError(t *testing.T) {
+	host := tlsComponent(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(404)
+	})
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseComponent(node, host+"/g/p/mycomp@v1")
+	// 404 → fetch error → early return; no panic.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseComponent_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	host := tlsComponent(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, ":\tbad\tyaml")
+	})
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseComponent(node, host+"/g/p/mycomp@v1")
+	// fetch succeeds but ParseBytes fails → early return; no panic.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseComponent_ValidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	host := tlsComponent(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "comp-job:\n  script: echo component")
+	})
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseComponent(node, host+"/g/p/mycomp@v1")
+	if len(node.jobs) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected job names from component YAML")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── recurseProject ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRecurseProject_AlreadyVisited(t *testing.T) {
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{"project:g/p:ci.yml@main": true},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{Token: "tok"},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseProject(node, "g/p", "ci.yml", "main")
+	// Already visited: nothing happens.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseProject_WithToken(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "proj-job:\n  script: echo project")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseProject(node, "g/p", "ci.yml", "main")
+	if len(node.jobs) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected job names from project YAML")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecurseProject_FetchError(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(404)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseProject(node, "g/p", "ci.yml", "main")
+	// fetch fails → early return; no panic.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseProject_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, ":\tbad\tyaml")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseProject(node, "g/p", "ci.yml", "main")
+	// ParseBytes fails → early return; no panic.
+}
+
+func TestRecurseProject_WithSubIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	// Project YAML includes sub-includes → covers recurseProject line 170 (buildChildren).
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "include:\n  - remote: http://127.0.0.1:0/sub.yml\nproj-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseProject(node, "g/p", "ci.yml", "main")
+	// proj-job should be populated; sub-include fetch fails (port 0) — that's fine.
+	if len(node.jobs) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected job names from project YAML")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecurseComponent_WithSubIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	// Component YAML includes sub-includes → covers recurseComponent line 221 (buildChildren).
+	host := tlsComponent(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "include:\n  - remote: http://127.0.0.1:0/sub.yml\ncomp-job:\n  script: echo")
+	})
+	b := &treeBuilder{
+		visited: map[string]bool{},
+		cfg:     fetcher.GitLabConfig{},
+		baseDir: "/tmp",
+	}
+	node := &treeNode{id: "n1"}
+	b.recurseComponent(node, host+"/g/p/mycomp@v1")
+	if len(node.jobs) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected job names from component YAML")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── fetchComponentFile (fallback path) ───────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestGraphFetchComponentFile_FallbackSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	// Primary path (templates/comp.yml) returns 404; fallback (templates/comp/template.yml) returns 200.
+	var reqCount int
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		reqCount++
+		if reqCount == 1 {
+			w.WriteHeader(404)
+		} else {
+			w.WriteHeader(200)
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, "fallback-job:\n  script: echo")
+		}
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	data, err := fetchComponentFile(cfg, "g/p", "mycomp", "v1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("fallback success: unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty data from fallback path")
+	}
+}
+
+// Ensure model import is used.
+var _ = model.Job{}

internal/graph/pipeline.go

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ func Pipeline(p *model.Pipeline) string {
 	w("    classDef manual fill:#fc6d26,stroke:#e56b1f,color:#fff")
 	w("    classDef trigger fill:#6b4fbb,stroke:#5a3fa0,color:#fff")
 	w("    classDef delayed fill:#fca326,stroke:#d98a1e,color:#333")
+	w("    classDef on_failure fill:#d9534f,stroke:#c0392b,color:#fff")
 	w("")
 
 	// Collect visible (non-template) job names; sort for stable output.
@@ -82,9 +83,6 @@ func Pipeline(p *model.Pipeline) string {
 	// Emit one subgraph per stage.
 	for _, stage := range stages {
 		jobs := byStage[stage]
-		if len(jobs) == 0 {
-			continue
-		}
 		sort.Strings(jobs)
 		wf("    subgraph %s[\"%s\"]", stageID(stage), stage)
 		for _, name := range jobs {
@@ -152,6 +150,8 @@ func jobClass(job model.Job) string {
 		return "manual"
 	case "delayed":
 		return "delayed"
+	case "on_failure":
+		return "on_failure"
 	}
 	return "regular"
 }

internal/graph/pipeline_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+package graph
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestPipeline_EmptyJobs(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{}
+	out := Pipeline(p)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "no jobs defined") {
+		t.Errorf("expected 'no jobs defined', got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipeline_BasicTwoStages(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build"},
+			"test-job":  {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test"},
+			".tmpl":     {Name: ".tmpl", Stage: "build"}, // hidden — excluded
+		},
+	}
+	out := Pipeline(p)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "build-job") { t.Error("expected build-job") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "test-job") { t.Error("expected test-job") }
+	if strings.Contains(out, ".tmpl") { t.Error(".tmpl should be excluded") }
+	// Classic mode: stage → stage connector
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "Classic") { t.Error("expected classic mode comment") }
+}
+
+func TestPipeline_DAGMode(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build"},
+			"test-job":  {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test", Needs: []any{"build-job"}},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Pipeline(p)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "DAG") { t.Error("expected DAG mode comment") }
+}
+
+func TestPipeline_DAGMode_CrossPipelineNeed(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build",
+				Needs: []any{map[string]any{"pipeline": "other", "job": "j"}}},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Pipeline(p)
+	// cross-pipeline need should not add an arrow (job not in local map)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "DAG") { t.Error("expected DAG mode comment") }
+}
+
+func TestPipeline_JobNoStage(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"myjob": {Name: "myjob"},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Pipeline(p)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "myjob") { t.Error("expected myjob") }
+}
+
+func TestPipeline_SingleStage(t *testing.T) {
+	// Single stage → no connector
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"a": {Name: "a", Stage: "build"},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Pipeline(p)
+	if strings.Contains(out, "-->") { t.Error("single stage should not have connectors") }
+}
+
+// ── stageID / sanitizeID ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestStageID(t *testing.T) {
+	if stageID("build") != "stage_build" { t.Error("plain name") }
+	if stageID("my-stage") != "stage_my_stage" { t.Error("hyphens replaced") }
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeID(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct{ in, want string }{
+		{"build", "build"},
+		{"my-stage", "my_stage"},
+		{"with space", "with_space"},
+		{"ABC_123", "ABC_123"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		if sanitizeID(tc.in) != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("sanitizeID(%q)=%q want %q", tc.in, sanitizeID(tc.in), tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ── jobClass ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestJobClass(t *testing.T) {
+	if jobClass(model.Job{When: "manual"}) != "manual" { t.Error("manual") }
+	if jobClass(model.Job{When: "delayed"}) != "delayed" { t.Error("delayed") }
+	if jobClass(model.Job{When: "on_failure"}) != "on_failure" { t.Error("on_failure") }
+	if jobClass(model.Job{Trigger: "x"}) != "trigger" { t.Error("trigger") }
+	if jobClass(model.Job{}) != "regular" { t.Error("regular") }
+}
+
+func TestPipeline_OnFailureClass(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"cleanup"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"cleanup-job": {Name: "cleanup-job", Stage: "cleanup", When: "on_failure"},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Pipeline(p)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "on_failure") { t.Error("expected on_failure class") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "#d9534f") { t.Error("expected on_failure color in classDef") }
+}
+
+// ── needsJobName ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestNeedsJobName(t *testing.T) {
+	if needsJobName("job-a") != "job-a" { t.Error("string form") }
+	if needsJobName(map[string]any{"job": "job-b"}) != "job-b" { t.Error("map form") }
+	if needsJobName(map[string]any{"pipeline": "other", "job": "j"}) != "" { t.Error("cross-pipeline should return empty") }
+	if needsJobName(map[string]any{"no-job": true}) != "" { t.Error("map without job key") }
+	if needsJobName(42) != "" { t.Error("unexpected type") }
+}

internal/graph/render.go

@@ -10,37 +10,138 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/cicontext"
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
 )
 
 // Layout constants (pixels) – tuned to resemble GitLab's full pipeline graph view.
 const (
-	chipW     = 178 // job chip width
-	chipH     = 34  // job chip height
-	chipGap   = 6   // vertical gap between chips in a column
-	iconCX    = 14  // status circle: x offset from chip left edge to circle centre
-	iconR     = 7   // status circle radius (14 px diameter)
-	textLeft  = 27  // job name text: x offset from chip left edge
-	labelH    = 30  // stage-name label area height (text + bottom gap)
-	topPad    = 40  // outer top padding
-	sidePad   = 40  // outer left / right padding
-	stageGap  = 50  // horizontal gap between stage columns (connector space)
-	botPad    = 48  // outer bottom padding (legend lives here)
+	chipW       = 178 // job chip width
+	chipH       = 34  // job chip height
+	chipGap     = 6   // vertical gap between chips in a column
+	iconCX      = 14  // status circle: x offset from chip left edge to centre
+	iconR       = 7   // status circle radius (14 px diameter)
+	textLeft    = 27  // job name text: x offset from chip left edge
+	labelH      = 30  // stage-name label area height (text + bottom gap)
+	topPad      = 40  // outer top padding
+	sidePad     = 40  // outer left / right padding
+	stageGap    = 50  // horizontal gap between stage columns (connector space)
+	subStageGap = 20  // horizontal gap between sub-columns within the same stage
+	botPad      = 48  // outer bottom padding (legend lives here)
 )
 
 type svgPt struct{ x, y int }
 
+// column represents one vertical stack of job chips in the SVG.
+// A declared GitLab stage maps to one column unless jobs within it have
+// same-stage needs:, in which case it splits into topological sub-columns.
+type column struct {
+	stage string   // declared GitLab stage name
+	jobs  []string // job names in this column, topologically ordered
+}
+
+// computeColumns assigns jobs to SVG columns.
+// When jobs within the same declared stage have needs: relationships between
+// each other, the stage is split into topological sub-columns so that
+// depended-upon jobs appear to the left of the jobs that depend on them.
+func computeColumns(stages []string, byStage map[string][]string, jobs map[string]model.Job) []column {
+	var cols []column
+	for _, stage := range stages {
+		stageJobs := byStage[stage]
+		sort.Strings(stageJobs)
+		if len(stageJobs) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Index same-stage membership.
+		stageSet := make(map[string]bool, len(stageJobs))
+		for _, j := range stageJobs {
+			stageSet[j] = true
+		}
+
+		// Check whether any job has a same-stage need.
+		hasIntraNeeds := false
+		outer:
+		for _, j := range stageJobs {
+			for _, need := range jobs[j].Needs {
+				if dep := needsJobName(need); dep != "" && stageSet[dep] {
+					hasIntraNeeds = true
+					break outer
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !hasIntraNeeds {
+			cols = append(cols, column{stage: stage, jobs: stageJobs})
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Compute topological depth within the stage.
+		depth := make(map[string]int, len(stageJobs))
+		for _, j := range stageJobs {
+			depth[j] = -1
+		}
+		inProgress := make(map[string]bool, len(stageJobs))
+		var computeDepth func(j string) int
+		computeDepth = func(j string) int {
+			if depth[j] >= 0 {
+				return depth[j]
+			}
+			if inProgress[j] {
+				return 0 // cycle guard (cycles already rejected by GL029)
+			}
+			inProgress[j] = true
+			maxDep := -1
+			for _, need := range jobs[j].Needs {
+				dep := needsJobName(need)
+				if dep == "" || !stageSet[dep] {
+					continue
+				}
+				d := computeDepth(dep)
+				if d > maxDep {
+					maxDep = d
+				}
+			}
+			depth[j] = maxDep + 1
+			return depth[j]
+		}
+		for _, j := range stageJobs {
+			if depth[j] < 0 {
+				computeDepth(j)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// One sub-column per topological depth level.
+		maxDepth := 0
+		for _, j := range stageJobs {
+			if depth[j] > maxDepth {
+				maxDepth = depth[j]
+			}
+		}
+		for l := 0; l <= maxDepth; l++ {
+			var levelJobs []string
+			for _, j := range stageJobs {
+				if depth[j] == l {
+					levelJobs = append(levelJobs, j)
+				}
+			}
+			if len(levelJobs) > 0 {
+				sort.Strings(levelJobs)
+				cols = append(cols, column{stage: stage, jobs: levelJobs})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return cols
+}
+
 // RenderPipeline writes a PNG (or SVG fallback) file with a GitLab CI-style
 // pipeline layout and returns the path to the generated file.
-func RenderPipeline(p *model.Pipeline, outDir string) (string, error) {
+func RenderPipeline(p *model.Pipeline, outDir string, ctx *cicontext.Context) (string, error) {
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(outDir, 0o755); err != nil {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("creating output directory %s: %w", outDir, err)
 	}
 
-	svg, err := pipelineSVG(p)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, ctx)
 
 	ts := time.Now().Format("20060102-150405")
 	svgPath := filepath.Join(outDir, "pipeline-"+ts+".svg")
@@ -56,23 +157,39 @@ func RenderPipeline(p *model.Pipeline, outDir string) (string, error) {
 	return svgPath, nil
 }
 
+// RenderHTML writes a self-contained HTML file with the pipeline graph embedded
+// inline with pan/zoom and a job-detail sidebar, then returns the output path.
+func RenderHTML(p *model.Pipeline, outDir string, ctx *cicontext.Context) (string, error) {
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(outDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("creating output directory %s: %w", outDir, err)
+	}
+
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, ctx)
+	html := htmlPage(svg)
+
+	ts := time.Now().Format("20060102-150405")
+	htmlPath := filepath.Join(outDir, "pipeline-"+ts+".html")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(htmlPath, []byte(html), 0o644); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("writing HTML: %w", err)
+	}
+	return htmlPath, nil
+}
+
 // convertToPNG tries rsvg-convert, Inkscape, magick, and convert (not on Windows).
 func convertToPNG(svgPath, pngPath string) bool {
-	type cand struct {
-		args    []string
-		skipWin bool
+	candidates := [][]string{
+		{"rsvg-convert", "--output", pngPath, svgPath},
+		{"inkscape", "--export-filename=" + pngPath, svgPath},
+		{"magick", svgPath, pngPath},
 	}
-	for _, c := range []cand{
-		{[]string{"rsvg-convert", "--output", pngPath, svgPath}, false},
-		{[]string{"inkscape", "--export-filename=" + pngPath, svgPath}, false},
-		{[]string{"magick", svgPath, pngPath}, false},
-		{[]string{"convert", svgPath, pngPath}, true},
-	} {
-		if c.skipWin && runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if bin, err := exec.LookPath(c.args[0]); err == nil {
-			if exec.Command(bin, c.args[1:]...).Run() == nil {
+	// `convert` is the legacy ImageMagick name; skip on Windows where the name
+	// collides with the built-in FAT→NTFS converter.
+	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
+		candidates = append(candidates, []string{"convert", svgPath, pngPath})
+	}
+	for _, args := range candidates {
+		if bin, err := exec.LookPath(args[0]); err == nil {
+			if exec.Command(bin, args[1:]...).Run() == nil {
 				return true
 			}
 		}
@@ -80,7 +197,7 @@ func convertToPNG(svgPath, pngPath string) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
+func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline, ctx *cicontext.Context) string {
 	// Collect visible (non-template) job names in sorted order.
 	var visible []string
 	for name := range p.Jobs {
@@ -91,7 +208,17 @@ func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
 	sort.Strings(visible)
 
 	if len(visible) == 0 {
-		return svgEmpty(), nil
+		return svgEmpty()
+	}
+
+	// Precompute which jobs are skipped in the given context.
+	skippedJobs := make(map[string]bool)
+	if ctx != nil {
+		for _, name := range visible {
+			if cicontext.EvalJob(p.Jobs[name], ctx) == cicontext.JobSkipped {
+				skippedJobs[name] = true
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Group by stage; fall back to "test" (GitLab default) when stage is unset.
@@ -124,32 +251,42 @@ func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Compute per-stage column heights and job anchor points for connectors.
-	colH := make([]int, len(stages))   // height of the chip stack (no label)
-	colCtY := make([]int, len(stages)) // y centre of the chip stack
+	// ── Column layout ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+	// Split stages into sub-columns when intra-stage needs exist.
+	cols := computeColumns(stages, byStage, p.Jobs)
+
+	// X position of each column's left edge.
+	colX := make([]int, len(cols))
+	if len(cols) > 0 {
+		colX[0] = sidePad
+		for i := 1; i < len(cols); i++ {
+			gap := stageGap
+			if cols[i].stage == cols[i-1].stage {
+				gap = subStageGap
+			}
+			colX[i] = colX[i-1] + chipW + gap
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Compute SVG dimensions and per-job connector anchor points.
 	maxColH := 0
 	rightMid := make(map[string]svgPt)
 	leftMid := make(map[string]svgPt)
 
-	for i, stage := range stages {
-		jobs := byStage[stage]
-		sort.Strings(jobs)
-		n := len(jobs)
+	for ci, col := range cols {
+		n := len(col.jobs)
 		h := n*chipH + max(0, n-1)*chipGap
-		colH[i] = h
 		if h > maxColH {
 			maxColH = h
 		}
-		cx := sidePad + i*(chipW+stageGap)
-		for j, name := range jobs {
+		for j, name := range col.jobs {
 			chy := topPad + labelH + j*(chipH+chipGap)
-			rightMid[name] = svgPt{cx + chipW, chy + chipH/2}
-			leftMid[name] = svgPt{cx, chy + chipH/2}
+			rightMid[name] = svgPt{colX[ci] + chipW, chy + chipH/2}
+			leftMid[name] = svgPt{colX[ci], chy + chipH/2}
 		}
-		colCtY[i] = topPad + labelH + h/2
 	}
 
-	svgW := sidePad*2 + len(stages)*chipW + max(0, len(stages)-1)*stageGap
+	svgW := colX[len(cols)-1] + chipW + sidePad
 	svgH := topPad + labelH + maxColH + botPad
 
 	// DAG mode: any visible job with a needs: list triggers job-to-job arrows.
@@ -179,49 +316,35 @@ func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
 	// White page background.
 	wf(`  <rect width="%d" height="%d" fill="#ffffff"/>`, svgW, svgH)
 
-	// ── Stage columns ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-	for i, stage := range stages {
-		cx := sidePad + i*(chipW+stageGap)
-		jobs := byStage[stage]
-		sort.Strings(jobs)
+	// ── Stage headers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+	// Each declared stage may span multiple sub-columns; draw one header per stage.
+	drawnHeader := make(map[string]bool)
+	for ci, col := range cols {
+		if drawnHeader[col.stage] {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Span all sub-columns that belong to this stage.
+		x1 := colX[ci]
+		x2 := colX[ci] + chipW
+		for j := ci + 1; j < len(cols) && cols[j].stage == col.stage; j++ {
+			x2 = colX[j] + chipW
+		}
+		centerX := (x1 + x2) / 2
 
-		// Stage name – small, gray, uppercase, centered above the chip stack.
+		// Stage name – small, gray, uppercase.
 		wf(`  <text x="%d" y="%d" text-anchor="middle" `+
 			`font-family="'GitLab Sans','Segoe UI',-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif" `+
 			`font-size="11" font-weight="600" letter-spacing="0.8" fill="#868686">%s</text>`,
-			cx+chipW/2, topPad+13, svgEsc(strings.ToUpper(stage)))
+			centerX, topPad+13, svgEsc(strings.ToUpper(col.stage)))
 
-		// Subtle separator line below stage name.
+		// Separator line spanning all sub-columns.
 		wf(`  <line x1="%d" y1="%d" x2="%d" y2="%d" stroke="#eaeaea" stroke-width="1"/>`,
-			cx, topPad+21, cx+chipW, topPad+21)
+			x1, topPad+21, x2, topPad+21)
 
-		// Job chips.
-		for j, name := range jobs {
-			job := p.Jobs[name]
-			chy := topPad + labelH + j*(chipH+chipGap)
-			color := chipColor(job)
-
-			// Chip card (white, rounded, subtle border + shadow).
-			wf(`  <rect x="%d" y="%d" width="%d" height="%d" rx="4" `+
-				`fill="#ffffff" stroke="#dde1e7" stroke-width="1" filter="url(#chip-shadow)"/>`,
-				cx, chy, chipW, chipH)
-
-			// Colored status indicator circle.
-			wf(`  <circle cx="%d" cy="%d" r="%d" fill="%s"/>`,
-				cx+iconCX, chy+chipH/2, iconR, color)
-
-			// Icon symbol inside the circle.
-			drawChipIcon(&sb, job, cx+iconCX, chy+chipH/2)
-
-			// Job name text.
-			wf(`  <text x="%d" y="%d" dominant-baseline="middle" `+
-				`font-family="'GitLab Sans','Segoe UI',-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif" `+
-				`font-size="13" fill="#303030">%s</text>`,
-				cx+textLeft, chy+chipH/2, svgEsc(svgTrunc(name, 20)))
-		}
+		drawnHeader[col.stage] = true
 	}
 
-	// ── Connectors ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+	// ── Connectors (drawn before chips so they appear behind job blocks) ───────
 	const connStroke = "#dbdbdb"
 
 	if dagMode {
@@ -246,27 +369,123 @@ func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	} else {
-		// Classic: one connector per adjacent stage pair.
-		for i := 0; i < len(stages)-1; i++ {
-			x1 := sidePad + i*(chipW+stageGap) + chipW
-			x2 := sidePad + (i+1)*(chipW+stageGap)
-			y1 := colCtY[i]
-			y2 := colCtY[i+1]
+		// Classic: bus-bar connectors between adjacent stage columns.
+		// Every job in stage[i] fans to a vertical bus at the midpoint gap,
+		// then fans out to every job in stage[i+1].
+		for ci := 0; ci < len(cols)-1; ci++ {
+			x1 := colX[ci] + chipW    // right edge of current column
+			x2 := colX[ci+1]          // left edge of next column
 			midX := (x1 + x2) / 2
 
-			if y1 == y2 {
-				// Straight horizontal line.
-				wf(`  <line x1="%d" y1="%d" x2="%d" y2="%d" stroke="%s" stroke-width="2"/>`,
-					x1, y1, x2-7, y2, connStroke)
-			} else {
-				// L-shaped elbow: right → vertical → right.
-				wf(`  <polyline points="%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d %d,%d" `+
-					`stroke="%s" stroke-width="2" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="round"/>`,
-					x1, y1, midX, y1, midX, y2, x2-7, y2, connStroke)
+			srcJobs := cols[ci].jobs
+			dstJobs := cols[ci+1].jobs
+
+			// Collect all Y midpoints to span the vertical bus bar.
+			var allYs []int
+			srcY := make([]int, len(srcJobs))
+			dstY := make([]int, len(dstJobs))
+			for j, name := range srcJobs {
+				srcY[j] = rightMid[name].y
+				allYs = append(allYs, srcY[j])
 			}
-			// Arrowhead at the destination.
-			wf(`  <polygon points="%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d" fill="%s"/>`,
-				x2-7, y2-4, x2, y2, x2-7, y2+4, connStroke)
+			for j, name := range dstJobs {
+				dstY[j] = leftMid[name].y
+				allYs = append(allYs, dstY[j])
+			}
+			sort.Ints(allYs)
+			busMinY, busMaxY := allYs[0], allYs[len(allYs)-1]
+
+			// Vertical bus bar at midX (only when there are multiple Y levels).
+			if busMinY < busMaxY {
+				wf(`  <line x1="%d" y1="%d" x2="%d" y2="%d" stroke="%s" stroke-width="2"/>`,
+					midX, busMinY, midX, busMaxY, connStroke)
+			}
+
+			// Horizontal stubs from each source job to the bus.
+			for _, y := range srcY {
+				wf(`  <line x1="%d" y1="%d" x2="%d" y2="%d" stroke="%s" stroke-width="2"/>`,
+					x1, y, midX, y, connStroke)
+			}
+
+			// Horizontal stubs from bus to each destination job, with arrowhead.
+			for _, y := range dstY {
+				wf(`  <line x1="%d" y1="%d" x2="%d" y2="%d" stroke="%s" stroke-width="2"/>`,
+					midX, y, x2-7, y, connStroke)
+				wf(`  <polygon points="%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d" fill="%s"/>`,
+					x2-7, y-4, x2, y, x2-7, y+4, connStroke)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ── Job chips (drawn after connectors so they appear on top) ─────────────
+	for ci, col := range cols {
+		for j, name := range col.jobs {
+			job := p.Jobs[name]
+			chy := topPad + labelH + j*(chipH+chipGap)
+			isSkipped := skippedJobs[name]
+			cx := colX[ci]
+
+			// Build <desc> content: shown in the HTML sidebar and SVG viewer tooltips.
+			desc := "stage: " + col.stage
+			if job.When != "" {
+				desc += "\nwhen: " + job.When
+			}
+			if img := imageString(job.Image); img != "" {
+				desc += "\nimage: " + img
+			}
+			var needNames []string
+			for _, n := range job.Needs {
+				if s := needsJobName(n); s != "" {
+					needNames = append(needNames, s)
+				}
+			}
+			if len(needNames) > 0 {
+				desc += "\nneeds: " + strings.Join(needNames, ", ")
+			}
+			if isSkipped {
+				desc += "\nstate: skipped"
+			}
+
+			// data-job attribute enables JS click detection in the HTML output.
+			wf(`  <g data-job="%s">`, svgEsc(name))
+			wf(`    <title>%s</title>`, svgEsc(name))
+			wf(`    <desc>%s</desc>`, svgEsc(desc))
+
+			color := chipColor(job)
+			if isSkipped {
+				color = "#868686"
+			}
+
+			// Chip card (white, rounded, subtle border + shadow).
+			// on_failure jobs get a dashed border to signal the failure path.
+			dashAttr := ""
+			if !isSkipped && job.When == "on_failure" {
+				dashAttr = ` stroke-dasharray="4,3"`
+			}
+			wf(`    <rect x="%d" y="%d" width="%d" height="%d" rx="4" `+
+				`fill="#ffffff" stroke="#dde1e7" stroke-width="1"%s filter="url(#chip-shadow)"/>`,
+				cx, chy, chipW, chipH, dashAttr)
+
+			// Colored status indicator circle.
+			wf(`    <circle cx="%d" cy="%d" r="%d" fill="%s"/>`,
+				cx+iconCX, chy+chipH/2, iconR, color)
+
+			// Icon inside the circle (omitted for skipped — grey circle speaks for itself).
+			if !isSkipped {
+				drawChipIcon(&sb, job, cx+iconCX, chy+chipH/2)
+			}
+
+			// Job name text — dimmed for skipped jobs.
+			textColor := "#303030"
+			if isSkipped {
+				textColor = "#868686"
+			}
+			wf(`    <text x="%d" y="%d" dominant-baseline="middle" `+
+				`font-family="'GitLab Sans','Segoe UI',-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif" `+
+				`font-size="13" fill="%s">%s</text>`,
+				cx+textLeft, chy+chipH/2, textColor, svgEsc(svgTrunc(name, 20)))
+
+			wf(`  </g>`)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -276,6 +495,7 @@ func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
 		{"#fc6d26", "manual"},
 		{"#6b4fbb", "trigger"},
 		{"#fca326", "delayed"},
+		{"#d9534f", "on_failure"},
 	}
 	const legendItemW = 82
 	legendY := topPad + labelH + maxColH + botPad/2
@@ -290,7 +510,7 @@ func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
 	}
 
 	w(`</svg>`)
-	return sb.String(), nil
+	return sb.String()
 }
 
 // drawChipIcon writes an SVG symbol inside the status circle to help identify
@@ -298,7 +518,7 @@ func pipelineSVG(p *model.Pipeline) (string, error) {
 func drawChipIcon(sb *strings.Builder, job model.Job, cx, cy int) {
 	if job.Trigger != nil {
 		// Right-pointing chevron for trigger jobs.
-		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "  <polyline points=\"%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d\" "+
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <polyline points=\"%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d\" "+
 			"stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"/>\n",
 			cx-3, cy-3, cx+3, cy, cx-3, cy+3)
 		return
@@ -306,18 +526,24 @@ func drawChipIcon(sb *strings.Builder, job model.Job, cx, cy int) {
 	switch job.When {
 	case "manual":
 		// Filled play triangle.
-		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "  <polygon points=\"%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d\" fill=\"#fff\"/>\n",
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <polygon points=\"%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d\" fill=\"#fff\"/>\n",
 			cx-3, cy-4, cx+5, cy, cx-3, cy+4)
 	case "delayed":
-		// Clock hands: vertical + horizontal.
-		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "  <circle cx=\"%d\" cy=\"%d\" r=\"5\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" fill=\"none\"/>\n", cx, cy)
-		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "  <line x1=\"%d\" y1=\"%d\" x2=\"%d\" y2=\"%d\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"/>\n",
+		// Clock: circle + hands.
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <circle cx=\"%d\" cy=\"%d\" r=\"5\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" fill=\"none\"/>\n", cx, cy)
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <line x1=\"%d\" y1=\"%d\" x2=\"%d\" y2=\"%d\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"/>\n",
 			cx, cy, cx, cy-3)
-		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "  <line x1=\"%d\" y1=\"%d\" x2=\"%d\" y2=\"%d\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"/>\n",
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <line x1=\"%d\" y1=\"%d\" x2=\"%d\" y2=\"%d\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"/>\n",
 			cx, cy, cx+2, cy+1)
+	case "on_failure":
+		// X mark for failure-path jobs.
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <line x1=\"%d\" y1=\"%d\" x2=\"%d\" y2=\"%d\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"/>\n",
+			cx-3, cy-3, cx+3, cy+3)
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <line x1=\"%d\" y1=\"%d\" x2=\"%d\" y2=\"%d\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"/>\n",
+			cx+3, cy-3, cx-3, cy+3)
 	default:
-		// Regular job: small white checkmark outline.
-		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "  <polyline points=\"%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d\" "+
+		// Regular job: small white checkmark.
+		fmt.Fprintf(sb, "    <polyline points=\"%d,%d %d,%d %d,%d\" "+
 			"stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"/>\n",
 			cx-3, cy, cx-1, cy+3, cx+4, cy-3)
 	}
@@ -332,10 +558,25 @@ func chipColor(job model.Job) string {
 		return "#fc6d26"
 	case "delayed":
 		return "#fca326"
+	case "on_failure":
+		return "#d9534f"
 	}
 	return "#1f75cb"
 }
 
+// imageString extracts the image name from a job Image field (string or map form).
+func imageString(img any) string {
+	switch v := img.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return v
+	case map[string]any:
+		if name, ok := v["name"].(string); ok {
+			return name
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
 func svgEsc(s string) string {
 	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "&", "&amp;")
 	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "<", "&lt;")
@@ -361,3 +602,179 @@ func svgEmpty() string {
 			`</svg>`,
 		w, h, w, h, w/2, h/2)
 }
+
+// htmlPage wraps an SVG pipeline graph in a self-contained HTML page with
+// mouse pan/zoom and a job-detail sidebar that appears on chip click.
+func htmlPage(svgContent string) string {
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	sb.WriteString(`<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta charset="UTF-8">
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+<title>Pipeline Graph</title>
+<style>
+*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
+body {
+  font-family: 'Segoe UI', Arial, sans-serif;
+  background: #f5f5f5;
+  display: flex;
+  height: 100vh;
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+#sidebar {
+  width: 260px;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+  background: #fff;
+  border-right: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
+  display: none;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  overflow-y: auto;
+}
+#sidebar.open { display: flex; }
+#sidebar-header {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  padding: .6rem .8rem;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
+  background: #fafafa;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+#sidebar-header h3 {
+  font-size: .9rem;
+  color: #303030;
+  word-break: break-all;
+}
+#close-btn {
+  background: none;
+  border: none;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  color: #868686;
+  padding: .2rem .4rem;
+  margin-left: .4rem;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+#close-btn:hover { color: #303030; }
+#sidebar-body { padding: .8rem; flex: 1; }
+#sidebar-body pre {
+  font-size: .82rem;
+  color: #555;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+  line-height: 1.6;
+}
+#viewport {
+  flex: 1;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  cursor: grab;
+  position: relative;
+  background: #f5f5f5;
+}
+#viewport.dragging { cursor: grabbing; }
+#svg-wrap {
+  display: inline-block;
+  transform-origin: 0 0;
+  padding: 20px;
+}
+g[data-job] { cursor: pointer; }
+g[data-job]:hover > rect { stroke: #1f75cb; stroke-width: 2; }
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<div id="sidebar">
+  <div id="sidebar-header">
+    <h3 id="sidebar-title">Job details</h3>
+    <button id="close-btn" title="Close">&#x2715;</button>
+  </div>
+  <div id="sidebar-body">
+    <pre id="sidebar-details"></pre>
+  </div>
+</div>
+<div id="viewport">
+  <div id="svg-wrap">
+`)
+	sb.WriteString(svgContent)
+	sb.WriteString(`
+  </div>
+</div>
+<script>
+(function() {
+  'use strict';
+  var vp = document.getElementById('viewport');
+  var wrap = document.getElementById('svg-wrap');
+  var sidebar = document.getElementById('sidebar');
+  var titleEl = document.getElementById('sidebar-title');
+  var detailsEl = document.getElementById('sidebar-details');
+  var tx = 0, ty = 0, scale = 1;
+
+  function applyTransform() {
+    wrap.style.transform = 'translate(' + tx + 'px,' + ty + 'px) scale(' + scale + ')';
+  }
+
+  // Zoom toward the cursor position.
+  vp.addEventListener('wheel', function(e) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    var factor = e.deltaY < 0 ? 1.1 : 1 / 1.1;
+    var r = vp.getBoundingClientRect();
+    var mx = e.clientX - r.left;
+    var my = e.clientY - r.top;
+    tx = mx - (mx - tx) * factor;
+    ty = my - (my - ty) * factor;
+    scale *= factor;
+    applyTransform();
+  }, { passive: false });
+
+  // Drag to pan (skip if clicking on a job chip).
+  var dragging = false, ox = 0, oy = 0;
+  vp.addEventListener('mousedown', function(e) {
+    if (e.target.closest('g[data-job]')) return;
+    dragging = true;
+    ox = e.clientX - tx;
+    oy = e.clientY - ty;
+    vp.classList.add('dragging');
+  });
+  window.addEventListener('mousemove', function(e) {
+    if (!dragging) return;
+    tx = e.clientX - ox;
+    ty = e.clientY - oy;
+    applyTransform();
+  });
+  window.addEventListener('mouseup', function() {
+    dragging = false;
+    vp.classList.remove('dragging');
+  });
+
+  // Double-click on the background to reset the view.
+  vp.addEventListener('dblclick', function(e) {
+    if (e.target.closest('g[data-job]')) return;
+    tx = 0; ty = 0; scale = 1;
+    applyTransform();
+  });
+
+  // Click a job chip to show its details in the sidebar.
+  document.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
+    var g = e.target.closest('g[data-job]');
+    if (!g) return;
+    var jobName = g.dataset.job;
+    var descEl = g.querySelector('desc');
+    var desc = descEl ? descEl.textContent : '';
+    titleEl.textContent = jobName;
+    detailsEl.textContent = desc;
+    sidebar.classList.add('open');
+  });
+
+  // Close the sidebar.
+  document.getElementById('close-btn').addEventListener('click', function() {
+    sidebar.classList.remove('open');
+  });
+  document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
+    if (e.key === 'Escape') sidebar.classList.remove('open');
+  });
+})();
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>
+`)
+	return sb.String()
+}

internal/graph/render_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,665 @@
+package graph
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/cicontext"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// ── svgEsc ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSvgEsc(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct{ in, want string }{
+		{"hello", "hello"},
+		{"a&b", "a&b"},
+		{"<tag>", "&lt;tag&gt;"},
+		{"a&b<c>d", "a&amp;b&lt;c&gt;d"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		if got := svgEsc(tc.in); got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("svgEsc(%q)=%q want %q", tc.in, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ── svgTrunc ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSvgTrunc(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		s      string
+		maxLen int
+		want   string
+	}{
+		{"short", 20, "short"},
+		{"exactly20charslong!", 20, "exactly20charslong!"},
+		{"this-is-a-very-long-job-name", 20, "this-is-a-very-long…"},
+		{"αβγδεζηθικλμνξο", 5, "αβγδ…"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		got := svgTrunc(tc.s, tc.maxLen)
+		if got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("svgTrunc(%q, %d)=%q want %q", tc.s, tc.maxLen, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ── svgEmpty ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSvgEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	out := svgEmpty()
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "<svg") { t.Error("expected <svg") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "no jobs defined") { t.Error("expected 'no jobs defined'") }
+}
+
+// ── chipColor ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestChipColor(t *testing.T) {
+	if chipColor(model.Job{Trigger: "x"}) != "#6b4fbb" { t.Error("trigger color") }
+	if chipColor(model.Job{When: "manual"}) != "#fc6d26" { t.Error("manual color") }
+	if chipColor(model.Job{When: "delayed"}) != "#fca326" { t.Error("delayed color") }
+	if chipColor(model.Job{When: "on_failure"}) != "#d9534f" { t.Error("on_failure color") }
+	if chipColor(model.Job{}) != "#1f75cb" { t.Error("regular color") }
+}
+
+// ── imageString ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestImageString(t *testing.T) {
+	if imageString("alpine") != "alpine" { t.Error("string form") }
+	if imageString(map[string]any{"name": "golang:1.21"}) != "golang:1.21" { t.Error("map form") }
+	if imageString(map[string]any{"other": "x"}) != "" { t.Error("map without name key") }
+	if imageString(nil) != "" { t.Error("nil") }
+	if imageString(42) != "" { t.Error("unexpected type") }
+}
+
+// ── drawChipIcon ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestDrawChipIcon(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		job     model.Job
+		wantTag string
+	}{
+		{model.Job{Trigger: "x"}, "<polyline"},
+		{model.Job{When: "manual"}, "<polygon"},
+		{model.Job{When: "delayed"}, "<circle"},
+		{model.Job{When: "on_failure"}, "<line"},
+		{model.Job{}, "<polyline"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		var sb strings.Builder
+		drawChipIcon(&sb, tc.job, 10, 10)
+		if !strings.Contains(sb.String(), tc.wantTag) {
+			t.Errorf("drawChipIcon(%q): want %s, got:\n%s", tc.job.When, tc.wantTag, sb.String())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ── pipelineSVG ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	svg := pipelineSVG(&model.Pipeline{}, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "no jobs defined") {
+		t.Errorf("expected 'no jobs defined', got:\n%s", svg)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_ClassicMode(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build"},
+			"test-job":  {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<svg") { t.Error("expected <svg") }
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "build-job") { t.Error("expected build-job") }
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "test-job") { t.Error("expected test-job") }
+	// Classic mode bus-bar draws <line> elements for connectors
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<line") {
+		t.Error("expected <line> connector in classic mode")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_ClassicMode_MultiJob(t *testing.T) {
+	// Two source jobs, two destination jobs → bus-bar with vertical segment
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-a": {Name: "build-a", Stage: "build"},
+			"build-b": {Name: "build-b", Stage: "build"},
+			"test-a":  {Name: "test-a", Stage: "test"},
+			"test-b":  {Name: "test-b", Stage: "test"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	// Bus bar: horizontal stubs from each src + dst, plus a vertical bus line
+	// and an arrowhead polygon for each dst job.
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<polygon") {
+		t.Error("expected arrowhead <polygon> in multi-job classic mode")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_DAGMode(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build"},
+			"test-job":  {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test", Needs: []any{"build-job"}},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	// DAG mode draws <path> bezier curves
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<path") {
+		t.Error("expected <path> connector in DAG mode")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_DAGMode_StraightConnector(t *testing.T) {
+	// Two stages at same height → straight connector in classic mode
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"a", "b"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"j1": {Name: "j1", Stage: "a"},
+			"j2": {Name: "j2", Stage: "b"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<svg") { t.Error("expected <svg") }
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_AllJobTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"deploy"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"manual-job":     {Name: "manual-job", Stage: "deploy", When: "manual"},
+			"delayed-job":    {Name: "delayed-job", Stage: "deploy", When: "delayed"},
+			"trigger-job":    {Name: "trigger-job", Stage: "deploy", Trigger: "other/project"},
+			"onfailure-job":  {Name: "onfailure-job", Stage: "deploy", When: "on_failure"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "#fc6d26") { t.Error("expected manual color") }
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "#fca326") { t.Error("expected delayed color") }
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "#6b4fbb") { t.Error("expected trigger color") }
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "#d9534f") { t.Error("expected on_failure color") }
+	// on_failure chips have a dashed border
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, `stroke-dasharray="4,3"`) {
+		t.Error("expected dashed border on on_failure chip")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_JobNoStage(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"myjob": {Name: "myjob"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "myjob") { t.Error("expected myjob") }
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_CrossPipelineNeed(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"j": {Name: "j", Stage: "build",
+				Needs: []any{map[string]any{"pipeline": "other", "job": "x"}}},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<svg") { t.Error("expected <svg") }
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_Tooltip(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {
+				Name:  "build-job",
+				Stage: "build",
+				When:  "on_success",
+				Image: "golang:1.21",
+				Needs: []any{"prep-job"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	// Tooltip <title> and <desc> should appear inside the <g data-job> wrapper
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, `<title>build-job</title>`) {
+		t.Error("expected <title>build-job</title>")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, `<desc>`) {
+		t.Error("expected <desc> element")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "image: golang:1.21") {
+		t.Error("expected image in desc")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "needs: prep-job") {
+		t.Error("expected needs in desc")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, `data-job="build-job"`) {
+		t.Error("expected data-job attribute")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_SkippedJob(t *testing.T) {
+	// A job with rules that never match in the given context should be greyed out.
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"deploy"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"deploy-job": {
+				Name:   "deploy-job",
+				Stage:  "deploy",
+				Script: []any{"deploy.sh"},
+				Rules: []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$CI_COMMIT_TAG != ""`, When: "on_success"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	// Branch context: CI_COMMIT_TAG is empty → rule doesn't match → job skipped
+	ctx := cicontext.New("main", "", "push", nil)
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, ctx)
+
+	// Skipped jobs use grey (#868686) instead of the regular blue
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, `fill="#868686"`) {
+		t.Error("expected grey fill for skipped job circle")
+	}
+	// Skipped state should appear in the tooltip desc
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "state: skipped") {
+		t.Error("expected 'state: skipped' in tooltip desc")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_ContextNil(t *testing.T) {
+	// nil context → no skipped jobs, regular colors
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"j": {Name: "j", Stage: "build"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, `fill="#1f75cb"`) {
+		t.Error("expected regular blue fill with nil context")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── RenderPipeline ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRenderPipeline(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build"},
+		},
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	path, err := RenderPipeline(p, dir, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RenderPipeline: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, statErr := os.Stat(path); statErr != nil {
+		t.Errorf("output file not found: %v", statErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRenderPipeline_InvalidDir(t *testing.T) {
+	// Writing to a path under a file (not a dir) should error.
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	filePath := dir + "/notadir"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("x"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err := RenderPipeline(&model.Pipeline{}, filePath+"/nested", nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error writing to path under a file")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRenderPipeline_WriteFileFails(t *testing.T) {
+	if os.Getuid() == 0 {
+		t.Skip("skipping as root — file permissions don't apply")
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.Chmod(dir, 0o555); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { os.Chmod(dir, 0o755) })
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs:   map[string]model.Job{"j": {Name: "j", Stage: "build"}},
+	}
+	_, err := RenderPipeline(p, dir, nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error when writing SVG to read-only directory")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── convertToPNG ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRenderPipeline_SVGFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	// With no converters on PATH, RenderPipeline returns the SVG path (line 53).
+	origPath := os.Getenv("PATH")
+	os.Setenv("PATH", "")
+	t.Cleanup(func() { os.Setenv("PATH", origPath) })
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs:   map[string]model.Job{"j": {Name: "j", Stage: "build"}},
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	path, err := RenderPipeline(p, dir, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RenderPipeline: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(path, ".svg") {
+		t.Errorf("expected .svg output when no converter available, got %q", path)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConvertToPNG_NoConverter(t *testing.T) {
+	// In a test environment without rsvg-convert/inkscape/magick, returns false.
+	// We can't assert false because the CI machine might have one of them,
+	// but we can assert it doesn't panic.
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	svgPath := dir + "/test.svg"
+	pngPath := dir + "/test.png"
+	_ = os.WriteFile(svgPath, []byte(`<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"/>`), 0o644)
+	// result is either true (converter found) or false (no converter) — just no panic
+	convertToPNG(svgPath, pngPath)
+}
+
+func TestConvertToPNG_FakeConverter(t *testing.T) {
+	// Install a fake rsvg-convert that just creates the output file and exits 0.
+	// This exercises the "return true" branch and os.Remove in RenderPipeline.
+	binDir := t.TempDir()
+	script := "#!/bin/sh\n# rsvg-convert --output <out> <in>\ncp \"$3\" \"$2\"\n"
+	fakeBin := binDir + "/rsvg-convert"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(fakeBin, []byte(script), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	origPath := os.Getenv("PATH")
+	os.Setenv("PATH", binDir+":"+origPath)
+	t.Cleanup(func() { os.Setenv("PATH", origPath) })
+
+	svgDir := t.TempDir()
+	svgPath := svgDir + "/test.svg"
+	pngPath := svgDir + "/test.png"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(svgPath, []byte(`<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"/>`), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	ok := convertToPNG(svgPath, pngPath)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Error("expected convertToPNG to return true with fake rsvg-convert")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRenderPipeline_PNGConversion(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify the PNG path is returned (and SVG removed) when converter succeeds.
+	binDir := t.TempDir()
+	script := "#!/bin/sh\ncp \"$3\" \"$2\"\n"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(binDir+"/rsvg-convert", []byte(script), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	origPath := os.Getenv("PATH")
+	os.Setenv("PATH", binDir+":"+origPath)
+	t.Cleanup(func() { os.Setenv("PATH", origPath) })
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs:   map[string]model.Job{"j": {Name: "j", Stage: "build"}},
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	path, err := RenderPipeline(p, dir, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RenderPipeline: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(path, ".png") {
+		t.Errorf("expected .png output, got %q", path)
+	}
+}
+
+// ── pipelineSVG coverage gaps ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_LShapedElbow(t *testing.T) {
+	// Classic mode with unequal stage sizes → vertical bus bar required
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"j1": {Name: "j1", Stage: "build"},
+			"j2": {Name: "j2", Stage: "test"},
+			"j3": {Name: "j3", Stage: "test"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	// The bus bar is a <line>; arrowheads are <polygon>
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<polygon") {
+		t.Error("expected <polygon> arrowhead in bus-bar connector")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_DAGNeedNotInPositionMap(t *testing.T) {
+	// DAG mode: job needs a template job (starts with .) → dep not in position maps → continue
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"j": {Name: "j", Stage: "build", Needs: []any{".hidden-template"}},
+			".hidden-template": {Name: ".hidden-template", Stage: "build"},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	// Should render without panic; .hidden-template is not visible so no connector drawn.
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<svg") {
+		t.Error("expected valid SVG output")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── RenderHTML ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestRenderHTML(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build"},
+		},
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	path, err := RenderHTML(p, dir, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RenderHTML: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(path, ".html") {
+		t.Errorf("expected .html output, got %q", path)
+	}
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("reading output: %v", err)
+	}
+	html := string(data)
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "<!DOCTYPE html>") { t.Error("expected DOCTYPE") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "<svg") { t.Error("expected embedded <svg") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "build-job") { t.Error("expected job name in HTML") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "applyTransform") { t.Error("expected JS pan/zoom function") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "sidebar") { t.Error("expected sidebar element") }
+}
+
+func TestRenderHTML_InvalidDir(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	filePath := dir + "/notadir"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("x"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err := RenderHTML(&model.Pipeline{}, filePath+"/nested", nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error writing to path under a file")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRenderHTML_WriteFileFails(t *testing.T) {
+	if os.Getuid() == 0 {
+		t.Skip("skipping as root — file permissions don't apply")
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.Chmod(dir, 0o555); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { os.Chmod(dir, 0o755) })
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs:   map[string]model.Job{"j": {Name: "j", Stage: "build"}},
+	}
+	_, err := RenderHTML(p, dir, nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error when writing HTML to read-only directory")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── computeColumns ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestComputeColumns_NoIntraNeeds(t *testing.T) {
+	// No intra-stage needs → one column per stage.
+	stages := []string{"build", "test"}
+	byStage := map[string][]string{
+		"build": {"build-a", "build-b"},
+		"test":  {"test-a"},
+	}
+	jobs := map[string]model.Job{
+		"build-a": {Name: "build-a", Stage: "build"},
+		"build-b": {Name: "build-b", Stage: "build"},
+		"test-a":  {Name: "test-a", Stage: "test"},
+	}
+	cols := computeColumns(stages, byStage, jobs)
+	if len(cols) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 columns (one per stage), got %d", len(cols))
+	}
+	if cols[0].stage != "build" || len(cols[0].jobs) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("col[0]: got stage=%q jobs=%v", cols[0].stage, cols[0].jobs)
+	}
+	if cols[1].stage != "test" || len(cols[1].jobs) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("col[1]: got stage=%q jobs=%v", cols[1].stage, cols[1].jobs)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeColumns_IntraNeeds(t *testing.T) {
+	// job-b depends on job-a in the same stage → split into 2 sub-columns.
+	stages := []string{"build"}
+	byStage := map[string][]string{
+		"build": {"job-a", "job-b"},
+	}
+	jobs := map[string]model.Job{
+		"job-a": {Name: "job-a", Stage: "build"},
+		"job-b": {Name: "job-b", Stage: "build", Needs: []any{"job-a"}},
+	}
+	cols := computeColumns(stages, byStage, jobs)
+	if len(cols) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 sub-columns, got %d", len(cols))
+	}
+	// Both belong to the same stage.
+	if cols[0].stage != "build" || cols[1].stage != "build" {
+		t.Error("both sub-columns should be in stage 'build'")
+	}
+	// job-a has no same-stage deps → depth 0 → first sub-column.
+	if len(cols[0].jobs) != 1 || cols[0].jobs[0] != "job-a" {
+		t.Errorf("col[0] should contain job-a, got %v", cols[0].jobs)
+	}
+	// job-b depends on job-a → depth 1 → second sub-column.
+	if len(cols[1].jobs) != 1 || cols[1].jobs[0] != "job-b" {
+		t.Errorf("col[1] should contain job-b, got %v", cols[1].jobs)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeColumns_EmptyStageSkipped(t *testing.T) {
+	// Stages with no jobs are silently skipped.
+	stages := []string{"build", "empty", "test"}
+	byStage := map[string][]string{
+		"build": {"j1"},
+		"test":  {"j2"},
+	}
+	jobs := map[string]model.Job{
+		"j1": {Name: "j1", Stage: "build"},
+		"j2": {Name: "j2", Stage: "test"},
+	}
+	cols := computeColumns(stages, byStage, jobs)
+	if len(cols) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 columns (empty stage skipped), got %d", len(cols))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeColumns_CrossStageNeedIgnored(t *testing.T) {
+	// job-b has needs: for both job-a (same stage) and prev-job (different stage).
+	// The cross-stage need must be ignored when computing topological depth.
+	stages := []string{"build"}
+	byStage := map[string][]string{
+		"build": {"job-a", "job-b"},
+	}
+	jobs := map[string]model.Job{
+		"job-a": {Name: "job-a", Stage: "build"},
+		"job-b": {Name: "job-b", Stage: "build", Needs: []any{"job-a", "prev-job"}},
+		"prev-job": {Name: "prev-job", Stage: "prepare"},
+	}
+	cols := computeColumns(stages, byStage, jobs)
+	// Still split into 2 sub-columns; the cross-stage need is ignored.
+	if len(cols) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 sub-columns, got %d", len(cols))
+	}
+	if cols[0].jobs[0] != "job-a" {
+		t.Errorf("expected job-a in first sub-column, got %v", cols[0].jobs)
+	}
+	if cols[1].jobs[0] != "job-b" {
+		t.Errorf("expected job-b in second sub-column, got %v", cols[1].jobs)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeColumns_CycleGuard(t *testing.T) {
+	// Intra-stage cycle must not hang (cycle guard returns depth 0).
+	stages := []string{"build"}
+	byStage := map[string][]string{
+		"build": {"a", "b"},
+	}
+	jobs := map[string]model.Job{
+		"a": {Name: "a", Stage: "build", Needs: []any{"b"}},
+		"b": {Name: "b", Stage: "build", Needs: []any{"a"}},
+	}
+	cols := computeColumns(stages, byStage, jobs)
+	// Should return without hanging; exact column count is implementation-defined.
+	if len(cols) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected at least one column")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPipelineSVG_IntraStageDAG(t *testing.T) {
+	// job-b depends on job-a in the same stage → SVG should render both,
+	// placed as sub-columns (sub-stage gap between them).
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"job-a": {Name: "job-a", Stage: "build"},
+			"job-b": {Name: "job-b", Stage: "build", Needs: []any{"job-a"}},
+		},
+	}
+	svg := pipelineSVG(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "job-a") { t.Error("expected job-a in SVG") }
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "job-b") { t.Error("expected job-b in SVG") }
+	// DAG mode: bezier connectors between the two jobs.
+	if !strings.Contains(svg, "<path") {
+		t.Error("expected bezier <path> connector between intra-stage jobs")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── htmlPage ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestHtmlPage(t *testing.T) {
+	svgContent := `<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100" height="50"><rect/></svg>`
+	html := htmlPage(svgContent)
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "<!DOCTYPE html>") { t.Error("expected DOCTYPE") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, svgContent) { t.Error("expected SVG embedded in HTML") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "id=\"viewport\"") { t.Error("expected viewport element") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "id=\"sidebar\"") { t.Error("expected sidebar element") }
+	if !strings.Contains(html, "applyTransform") { t.Error("expected JS transform function") }
+}

internal/graph/tree_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+package graph
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/cicontext"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func makeSimplePipeline() *model.Pipeline {
+	return &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build"},
+			"test-job":  {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test"},
+			".template": {Name: ".template", Stage: "build"},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTree_Basic(t *testing.T) {
+	p := makeSimplePipeline()
+	out := Tree(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "pipeline") {
+		t.Error("expected 'pipeline' root node")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "build-job") {
+		t.Error("expected build-job in tree")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "test-job") {
+		t.Error("expected test-job in tree")
+	}
+	// hidden template jobs should not appear
+	if strings.Contains(out, ".template") {
+		t.Error(".template job should be excluded from tree")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTree_WithContext_Skipped(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"run-on-tag": {Name: "run-on-tag", Stage: "build", Rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_TAG != ""`, When: "on_success"},
+			}},
+		},
+	}
+	ctx := cicontext.New("main", "", "", nil)
+	out := Tree(p, ctx)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "[skipped]") {
+		t.Errorf("expected [skipped] annotation, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTree_WithContext_Manual(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"deploy"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"deploy": {Name: "deploy", Stage: "deploy", When: "manual"},
+		},
+	}
+	ctx := cicontext.New("main", "", "", nil)
+	out := Tree(p, ctx)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "[manual]") {
+		t.Errorf("expected [manual] annotation, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTree_NoContext_Annotations(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"manual-job":  {Name: "manual-job", Stage: "build", When: "manual"},
+			"delayed-job": {Name: "delayed-job", Stage: "build", When: "delayed"},
+			"trigger-job": {Name: "trigger-job", Stage: "build", Trigger: "other/project"},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Tree(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "[manual]") { t.Error("expected [manual]") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "[delayed]") { t.Error("expected [delayed]") }
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "[trigger]") { t.Error("expected [trigger]") }
+}
+
+func TestTree_JobWithNoStage(t *testing.T) {
+	// Jobs without a stage should default to "test"
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"nostage": {Name: "nostage"},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Tree(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "test") { t.Error("expected default stage 'test'") }
+}
+
+func TestTree_UndeclaredStage(t *testing.T) {
+	// Job in a stage not listed in p.Stages — should still appear
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"myjob": {Name: "myjob", Stage: "custom"},
+		},
+	}
+	out := Tree(p, nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "myjob") { t.Error("expected myjob in output") }
+}
+
+// ── branchChars ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestBranchChars(t *testing.T) {
+	b, c := branchChars(true)
+	if b != "└── " || c != "    " {
+		t.Errorf("last: branch=%q cont=%q", b, c)
+	}
+	b, c = branchChars(false)
+	if b != "├── " || c != "│   " {
+		t.Errorf("not-last: branch=%q cont=%q", b, c)
+	}
+}
+
+// ── jobLabel ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestJobLabel(t *testing.T) {
+	job := model.Job{Name: "j"}
+	if jobLabel(job, "j", nil) != "j" {
+		t.Error("plain job should have plain label")
+	}
+
+	// Multiple tags
+	job2 := model.Job{Name: "j2", When: "manual", Trigger: "other"}
+	label := jobLabel(job2, "j2", nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(label, "manual") || !strings.Contains(label, "trigger") {
+		t.Errorf("expected manual+trigger in label: %q", label)
+	}
+
+	// With context — active job has no annotation
+	emptyCtx := &cicontext.Context{}
+	if jobLabel(model.Job{}, "j", emptyCtx) != "j" {
+		t.Error("active job with context should have no annotation")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestJobLabel_ActiveWithContext covers the 'return name' path when a job runs
+// normally (neither skipped nor manual) with a non-empty context.
+func TestJobLabel_ActiveWithContext(t *testing.T) {
+	// Branch context with a job that has no rules → the job is active.
+	ctx := cicontext.New("main", "", "", nil)
+	activeJob := model.Job{Name: "build", Script: []any{"make"}}
+	label := jobLabel(activeJob, "build", ctx)
+	if label != "build" {
+		t.Errorf("active job with context: expected 'build', got %q", label)
+	}
+}

internal/linter/dead_rules_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestCheckDeadRules(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		rules    []model.Rule
+		wantHit  bool // whether GL033 should fire
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "no rules — not dead",
+			rules:   nil,
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "single bare when:never — dead",
+			rules:   []model.Rule{{When: "never"}},
+			wantHit: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "all rules when:never with if — dead",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, When: "never"},
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop"`, When: "never"},
+				{When: "never"},
+			},
+			wantHit: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "first rule on_success — not dead",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, When: "on_success"},
+				{When: "never"},
+			},
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "rule with empty when (defaults to on_success) — not dead",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`},
+				{When: "never"},
+			},
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "when:manual — not dead",
+			rules:   []model.Rule{{When: "manual"}},
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "when:always — not dead",
+			rules:   []model.Rule{{When: "always"}},
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "when:on_failure — not dead",
+			rules:   []model.Rule{{When: "on_failure"}},
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "mixed never and manual — not dead",
+			rules: []model.Rule{
+				{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`, When: "never"},
+				{When: "manual"},
+			},
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			job := model.Job{Rules: tc.rules}
+			findings := checkDeadRules("test-job", job)
+			hit := false
+			for _, f := range findings {
+				if f.Rule == RuleDeadRules {
+					hit = true
+				}
+			}
+			if hit != tc.wantHit {
+				t.Errorf("checkDeadRules: got hit=%v, want hit=%v; findings=%v", hit, tc.wantHit, findings)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/linter/dependencies.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
 )
 
-func checkDependencies(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+func checkDependencies(p *model.Pipeline, skipped map[string]bool) []Finding {
 	stageIndex := make(map[string]int, len(p.Stages))
 	for i, s := range p.Stages {
 		stageIndex[s] = i
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ func checkDependencies(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 
 	var findings []Finding
 	for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+		if skipped[name] {
+			continue
+		}
 		if len(job.Dependencies) == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -23,9 +26,11 @@ func checkDependencies(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 			if !exists {
 				findings = append(findings, Finding{
 					Severity: Error,
+					Rule:     RuleUnknownDependency,
 					Job:      name,
 					File:     job.File,
 					Line:     job.Line,
+					Column:   job.Column,
 					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'dependencies' references unknown job %q", dep),
 				})
 				continue
@@ -35,9 +40,11 @@ func checkDependencies(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 				if depHasStage && depIdx >= jobStageIdx {
 					findings = append(findings, Finding{
 						Severity: Error,
+						Rule:     RuleDependencyStage,
 						Job:      name,
 						File:     job.File,
 						Line:     job.Line,
+						Column:   job.Column,
 						Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'dependencies' job %q must be in an earlier stage (in %q, current job is in %q)", dep, depJob.Stage, job.Stage),
 					})
 				}

internal/linter/explain.go

@@ -0,0 +1,870 @@
+package linter
+
+// RuleEntry holds the human-readable documentation for a single lint rule,
+// shown by 'glint explain <RULE>'.
+type RuleEntry struct {
+	Title       string   // short title (one line)
+	Severity    Severity // Error or Warning
+	Description string   // what triggers the rule and why it matters
+	Example     string   // YAML snippet that triggers the rule
+	Fix         string   // corrected YAML
+}
+
+// RuleCatalog maps stable rule IDs to their documentation entries.
+var RuleCatalog = map[string]RuleEntry{
+	RuleNoStages: {
+		Title:    "no stages defined",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "The pipeline has no 'stages:' block. GitLab falls back to the " +
+			"built-in default stages (build, test, deploy), which may not match your " +
+			"intended job ordering.",
+		Example: `# No stages: block
+build-job:
+  script: make build
+
+test-job:
+  script: make test`,
+		Fix: `stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+
+build-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: make build
+
+test-job:
+  stage: test
+  script: make test`,
+	},
+
+	RuleWorkflowWhen: {
+		Title:    "workflow.rules.when invalid value",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'workflow.rules[n].when' only accepts 'always' or 'never'. Any " +
+			"other value (such as 'on_success' or 'manual') is invalid and will cause " +
+			"the pipeline to fail to create.",
+		Example: `workflow:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+      when: on_success   # invalid here`,
+		Fix: `workflow:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+      when: always`,
+	},
+
+	RuleMissingScript: {
+		Title:    "missing required 'script' field",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "Every non-trigger, non-pages job must define 'script:' (or 'run:' " +
+			"for CI Steps). A job with no script will fail immediately when GitLab tries " +
+			"to run it.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  stage: test
+  image: python:3.12
+  # Missing script:`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  stage: test
+  image: python:3.12
+  script: pytest`,
+	},
+
+	RuleUnknownStage: {
+		Title:    "job references undeclared stage",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "The job's 'stage:' value does not match any name in the pipeline's " +
+			"'stages:' list. GitLab will reject the pipeline configuration.",
+		Example: `stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+
+deploy-job:
+  stage: production   # not in stages:
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+		Fix: `stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+  - production
+
+deploy-job:
+  stage: production
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+	},
+
+	RuleOnlyRulesConflict: {
+		Title:    "'only:' and 'rules:' used together",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'only:' and 'rules:' are mutually exclusive. Using both on the " +
+			"same job is a configuration error that prevents the pipeline from being " +
+			"created.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  only:
+    - main
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+  script: echo conflict`,
+		Fix: `# Remove only: and use rules: exclusively
+my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
+  script: echo ok`,
+	},
+
+	RuleExceptRulesConflict: {
+		Title:    "'except:' and 'rules:' used together",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'except:' and 'rules:' are mutually exclusive. Using both on the " +
+			"same job is a configuration error that prevents the pipeline from being " +
+			"created.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  except:
+    - tags
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+  script: echo conflict`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_TAG
+      when: never
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+  script: echo ok`,
+	},
+
+	RuleDeprecatedOnly: {
+		Title:    "'only:' / 'except:' deprecated",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "'only:' and 'except:' are deprecated in favour of 'rules:'. " +
+			"GitLab may remove support for these keywords in a future major version. " +
+			"'rules:' is more expressive and supports variable references, merge-request " +
+			"conditions, and fine-grained 'when:' control.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  only:
+    - main
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidWhen: {
+		Title:    "'when:' has invalid value",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "Job-level 'when:' accepts: on_success, on_failure, always, " +
+			"manual, delayed, never. Any other value is rejected by GitLab.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  when: sometimes   # invalid
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  when: on_success
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleDelayedNoStartIn: {
+		Title:    "'when: delayed' without 'start_in:'",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'when: delayed' requires a 'start_in:' duration (e.g. " +
+			"'30 minutes', '1 hour'). Without it GitLab rejects the job configuration.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  when: delayed
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  when: delayed
+  start_in: 30 minutes
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleStartInNoDelayed: {
+		Title:    "'start_in:' without 'when: delayed'",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'start_in:' is only meaningful when 'when: delayed'. Setting it " +
+			"alongside any other 'when:' value is a configuration error.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  when: on_success
+  start_in: 30 minutes   # only valid with delayed
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  when: delayed
+  start_in: 30 minutes
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidParallel: {
+		Title:    "'parallel:' value invalid",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'parallel:' must be an integer between 2 and 200 (inclusive), " +
+			"or a map with a 'matrix:' key for matrix jobs. Values outside this range " +
+			"or the wrong type are rejected by GitLab.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  parallel: 1   # must be 2–200
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  parallel: 5
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidRetry: {
+		Title:    "'retry:' value invalid",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'retry:' accepts an integer 0–2 or a map with optional 'max:' " +
+			"(0–2) and 'when:' keys. Values outside this range are rejected.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  retry: 5   # max is 2
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  retry: 2
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidRetryWhen: {
+		Title:    "'retry.when:' has invalid failure type",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'retry.when:' must be a recognised GitLab CI failure type " +
+			"(e.g. script_failure, runner_system_failure) or 'always'. Unknown " +
+			"values are rejected.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  retry:
+    max: 2
+    when: disk_full   # not a valid failure type
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  retry:
+    max: 2
+    when: runner_system_failure
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidAllowFailure: {
+		Title:    "'allow_failure:' invalid value",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'allow_failure:' must be a boolean (true/false) or a map with " +
+			"an 'exit_codes:' key. Other forms are rejected by GitLab.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  allow_failure: maybe   # must be true/false or map
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  allow_failure: true
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidInterruptible: {
+		Title:    "'interruptible:' is not a boolean",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'interruptible:' must be a boolean (true or false). Other types " +
+			"are rejected.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  interruptible: yes   # must be a YAML boolean true/false
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  interruptible: true
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleTriggerWithScript: {
+		Title:    "trigger job also defines 'script:'",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "Jobs with a 'trigger:' key (downstream pipeline triggers) cannot " +
+			"use 'script:'. These are mutually exclusive — a trigger job has no runner " +
+			"environment to execute scripts in.",
+		Example: `trigger-job:
+  trigger:
+    project: mygroup/myproject
+  script: echo this will fail`,
+		Fix: `trigger-job:
+  trigger:
+    project: mygroup/myproject`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidTrigger: {
+		Title:    "trigger: map missing 'project:' or 'include:'",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "When 'trigger:' is a map it must specify either 'project:' " +
+			"(downstream project trigger) or 'include:' (dynamic child pipeline). " +
+			"Without one of these keys GitLab cannot determine what to trigger.",
+		Example: `trigger-job:
+  trigger:
+    strategy: depend   # missing project: or include:`,
+		Fix: `trigger-job:
+  trigger:
+    project: mygroup/downstream
+    strategy: depend`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidCoverage: {
+		Title:    "'coverage:' is not a regex pattern",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'coverage:' must be a regex pattern wrapped in forward slashes " +
+			"(e.g. '/Coverage: \\d+\\.?\\d*%/'). GitLab uses this pattern to extract " +
+			"the coverage percentage from job output.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  coverage: "\\d+%"   # missing surrounding /…/
+  script: pytest --cov`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  coverage: '/Coverage: \d+\.?\d*%/'
+  script: pytest --cov`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidRelease: {
+		Title:    "'release:' missing required 'tag_name:'",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'release:' must be a map and must include a 'tag_name:' key. " +
+			"Without it GitLab cannot create the release.",
+		Example: `release-job:
+  script: echo releasing
+  release:
+    name: My Release   # missing tag_name:`,
+		Fix: `release-job:
+  script: echo releasing
+  release:
+    tag_name: $CI_COMMIT_TAG
+    name: My Release`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidEnvironment: {
+		Title:    "'environment:' invalid url or action",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'environment.url' requires 'environment.name' to be set. " +
+			"'environment.action' must be one of: start, stop, prepare, verify, access.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  script: ./deploy.sh
+  environment:
+    url: https://prod.example.com   # name: is required`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  script: ./deploy.sh
+  environment:
+    name: production
+    url: https://prod.example.com`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidArtifacts: {
+		Title:    "'artifacts:' invalid configuration",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'artifacts.when' must be on_success, on_failure, or always. " +
+			"'artifacts.expose_as' requires 'artifacts.paths' to be set.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  script: make
+  artifacts:
+    when: sometimes   # invalid value`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  script: make
+  artifacts:
+    when: on_failure
+    paths:
+      - build/logs/`,
+	},
+
+	RulePagesPublic: {
+		Title:    "pages job missing 'public' in artifacts.paths",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "The 'pages' job must include 'public' (or a path starting with " +
+			"'public/') in 'artifacts.paths' for GitLab Pages to deploy the site.",
+		Example: `pages:
+  script: hugo
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - dist/   # should include public/`,
+		Fix: `pages:
+  script: hugo --destination public
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - public/`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidCache: {
+		Title:    "'cache:' invalid when or policy",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'cache.when' must be on_success, on_failure, or always. " +
+			"'cache.policy' must be pull, push, or pull-push.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  script: npm ci
+  cache:
+    paths: [node_modules/]
+    policy: read-only   # invalid; use pull`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  script: npm ci
+  cache:
+    paths: [node_modules/]
+    policy: pull`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidRulesWhen: {
+		Title:    "'rules[n].when:' has invalid value",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "Inside a 'rules:' block, 'when:' must be one of: on_success, " +
+			"on_failure, always, manual, delayed, never. Other values are rejected.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+      when: conditional   # not valid here
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
+      when: on_success
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidImage: {
+		Title:    "'image:' map form missing 'name:'",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "When 'image:' is a map, it must include a 'name:' key specifying " +
+			"the Docker image. Without it GitLab cannot resolve which image to pull.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  image:
+    entrypoint: ["/bin/sh"]   # missing name:
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  image:
+    name: alpine:3.19
+    entrypoint: ["/bin/sh"]
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidInherit: {
+		Title:    "'inherit.default' or 'inherit.variables' invalid type",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'inherit.default' and 'inherit.variables' must each be a boolean " +
+			"(true/false) or a list of field/variable names. Other types are rejected.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  inherit:
+    default: "no"   # must be true/false or a list
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  inherit:
+    default: false
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleNeedsUnknown: {
+		Title:    "'needs:' references unknown job",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "A job in the 'needs:' list does not exist in the pipeline. " +
+			"GitLab will refuse to create the pipeline.",
+		Example: `build:
+  stage: build
+  script: make
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  needs: [build, lint]   # lint does not exist
+  script: make test`,
+		Fix: `lint:
+  stage: build
+  script: make lint
+
+build:
+  stage: build
+  script: make
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  needs: [build, lint]
+  script: make test`,
+	},
+
+	RuleNeedsStageOrder: {
+		Title:    "'needs:' job is in a later stage",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "A job listed in 'needs:' is in a later stage than the current " +
+			"job. GitLab does not allow needs: to reference future stages.",
+		Example: `stages: [build, test, deploy]
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  needs: [deploy-job]   # deploy-job is in a later stage
+  script: make test
+
+deploy-job:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+		Fix: `stages: [build, test, deploy]
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  needs: [build-job]
+  script: make test
+
+build-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: make`,
+	},
+
+	RuleNeedsCycle: {
+		Title:    "circular dependency in 'needs:' graph",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "Two or more jobs in the 'needs:' graph form a cycle — A needs B " +
+			"and B needs A (directly or transitively). GitLab will reject the pipeline.",
+		Example: `job-a:
+  stage: test
+  needs: [job-b]
+  script: echo a
+
+job-b:
+  stage: test
+  needs: [job-a]
+  script: echo b`,
+		Fix: `job-a:
+  stage: test
+  script: echo a
+
+job-b:
+  stage: test
+  needs: [job-a]
+  script: echo b`,
+	},
+
+	RuleUnknownDependency: {
+		Title:    "'dependencies:' references unknown job",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "A job listed in 'dependencies:' does not exist in the pipeline. " +
+			"GitLab will refuse to create the pipeline.",
+		Example: `test:
+  stage: test
+  dependencies: [build, missing-job]
+  script: make test`,
+		Fix: `build:
+  stage: build
+  script: make
+  artifacts:
+    paths: [dist/]
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  dependencies: [build]
+  script: make test`,
+	},
+
+	RuleDependencyStage: {
+		Title:    "'dependencies:' job in same or later stage",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'dependencies:' can only reference jobs in earlier stages. " +
+			"Referencing a job in the same or a later stage is not allowed because " +
+			"artifacts would not yet be available.",
+		Example: `stages: [test, deploy]
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  dependencies: [deploy-job]   # deploy is a later stage
+  script: make test
+
+deploy-job:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+		Fix: `stages: [build, test, deploy]
+
+build:
+  stage: build
+  script: make
+  artifacts:
+    paths: [dist/]
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  dependencies: [build]
+  script: make test`,
+	},
+
+	RuleUndeclaredVariable: {
+		Title:    "'rules:if:' references undeclared variable",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "A 'rules:if:' expression references a variable that is not " +
+			"declared in any 'variables:' block in the pipeline YAML. This may be a " +
+			"typo, or the variable may be set in GitLab project settings (invisible to " +
+			"glint). Predefined CI_* and GITLAB_* variables are always exempt.",
+		Example: `variables:
+  APP_ENV: staging
+
+my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $DEPLOY_ENV == "prod"   # DEPLOY_ENV not declared
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+		Fix: `variables:
+  APP_ENV: staging
+  DEPLOY_ENV: staging   # declare it, or set it in GitLab project settings
+
+my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $DEPLOY_ENV == "prod"
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+	},
+
+	RuleDeadRules: {
+		Title:    "rules: block has all 'when: never' — job permanently excluded",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "Every rule in the job's 'rules:' block has an explicit " +
+			"'when: never'. No matter which conditions match, the job will never " +
+			"be included in any pipeline run.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
+      when: never
+    - when: never
+  script: echo unreachable`,
+		Fix: `# Option 1: remove the job entirely
+# Option 2: give at least one rule a non-never when:
+my-job:
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
+      when: on_success
+    - when: never
+  script: echo deploy`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidService: {
+		Title:    "'services:' map form missing 'name:' or invalid 'alias:'",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "When a service entry is a map it must include a 'name:' key. " +
+			"'alias:' (if set) must be a valid DNS label: alphanumeric characters, " +
+			"hyphens, and dots only; must start and end with alphanumeric.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  script: pytest
+  services:
+    - alias: my_db   # underscore is not valid in a DNS label`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  script: pytest
+  services:
+    - name: postgres:15
+      alias: my-db`,
+	},
+
+	RuleAbsoluteGlobPath: {
+		Title:    "'rules:changes' or 'rules:exists' uses absolute path",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "Paths in 'rules:changes' and 'rules:exists' are always relative " +
+			"to the repository root. An absolute path starting with '/' will never " +
+			"match any file and will silently disable the rule.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  rules:
+    - changes:
+        - /src/**/*.go   # absolute — will never match
+  script: make`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  rules:
+    - changes:
+        - src/**/*.go
+  script: make`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidTimeout: {
+		Title:    "'timeout:' is not a valid duration string",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "'timeout:' must be a GitLab CI duration string composed of " +
+			"recognised time units: weeks (w), days (d), hours (h), minutes (m/min), " +
+			"seconds (s). Examples: '1h 30m', '90 minutes', '2 hours'.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  timeout: "1:30:00"   # colon-separated format not supported
+  script: long-running-task.sh`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  timeout: 1h 30m
+  script: long-running-task.sh`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidIDToken: {
+		Title:    "'id_tokens:' entry missing required 'aud:' key",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "Each entry under 'id_tokens:' must be a map with an 'aud:' " +
+			"(audience) key. Without 'aud:' GitLab cannot generate the ID token " +
+			"and the job will fail.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  id_tokens:
+    MY_TOKEN:
+      # missing aud:
+  script: vault-login.sh`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  id_tokens:
+    MY_TOKEN:
+      aud: https://vault.example.com
+  script: vault-login.sh`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidSecret: {
+		Title:    "'secrets:' entry missing a provider key",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "Each entry under 'secrets:' must specify a provider: one of " +
+			"'vault:', 'gcp_secret_manager:', or 'azure_key_vault:'. Without a " +
+			"provider GitLab cannot retrieve the secret.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  secrets:
+    DB_PASSWORD:
+      path: secret/db/password   # no provider key
+  script: run.sh`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  secrets:
+    DB_PASSWORD:
+      vault:
+        engine:
+          name: kv-v2
+          path: secret
+        path: db/password
+        field: password
+  script: run.sh`,
+	},
+
+	RulePagesPublish: {
+		Title:    "'pages:' keyword publish directory missing from 'artifacts.paths'",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "A job using the 'pages:' keyword must include its publish " +
+			"directory in 'artifacts.paths'. Without this, GitLab Pages will not " +
+			"deploy the site.",
+		Example: `my-pages-job:
+  script: hugo
+  pages:
+    publish: public
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - dist/   # missing public/`,
+		Fix: `my-pages-job:
+  script: hugo
+  pages:
+    publish: public
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - public/`,
+	},
+
+	RuleDuplicateStage: {
+		Title:    "duplicate stage name in 'stages:'",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "A stage name appears more than once in the 'stages:' list. " +
+			"GitLab silently merges duplicate stage entries, which can make the " +
+			"pipeline order confusing.",
+		Example: `stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+  - test   # duplicate`,
+		Fix: `stages:
+  - build
+  - test`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInvalidCacheKeyFiles: {
+		Title:    "'cache.key.files' contains a glob pattern",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "'cache.key.files' must be a list of exact file paths. Glob " +
+			"patterns (*, ?, [...]) are not expanded — the literal glob string is " +
+			"used as the cache key, which probably doesn't match your intent.",
+		Example: `my-job:
+  script: npm ci
+  cache:
+    key:
+      files:
+        - package*.json   # glob — use exact path`,
+		Fix: `my-job:
+  script: npm ci
+  cache:
+    key:
+      files:
+        - package.json
+        - package-lock.json`,
+	},
+
+	RuleStaticDeadRules: {
+		Title:    "rules:if: block statically never activates",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "Every 'rules:if:' condition in this job evaluates to false " +
+			"using the variable values declared in the pipeline YAML. The job will " +
+			"never be included in any pipeline run. This check only fires when ALL " +
+			"referenced variables are declared in the YAML (predefined CI_* variables " +
+			"are not evaluated to avoid false positives).",
+		Example: `variables:
+  ENABLE_DEPLOY: "false"
+
+deploy:
+  rules:
+    - if: '$ENABLE_DEPLOY == "true"'   # always false: ENABLE_DEPLOY is "false"
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+		Fix: `variables:
+  ENABLE_DEPLOY: "true"   # fix the variable value
+
+deploy:
+  rules:
+    - if: '$ENABLE_DEPLOY == "true"'
+  script: ./deploy.sh
+
+# Or add an unconditional fallback:
+deploy:
+  rules:
+    - if: '$ENABLE_DEPLOY == "true"'
+    - when: manual   # allow manual trigger as a fallback
+  script: ./deploy.sh`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInheritNoDefault: {
+		Title:    "'inherit: default:' declared but no 'default:' block",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "A job declares 'inherit: default:' but the pipeline has no " +
+			"'default:' block, so the declaration has no effect. This can also fire " +
+			"when 'inherit: default: [list]' names fields that are not set in the " +
+			"'default:' block.",
+		Example: `# No default: block exists
+
+my-job:
+  inherit:
+    default: false   # no-op: nothing to opt out of
+  script: echo hi`,
+		Fix: `# Either add a default: block...
+default:
+  before_script:
+    - source venv/bin/activate
+
+my-job:
+  inherit:
+    default: false
+  script: echo hi
+
+# ...or remove the pointless inherit: declaration
+my-job:
+  script: echo hi`,
+	},
+
+	RuleRulesNeedsUnknown: {
+		Title:    "'rules:needs:' references unknown job",
+		Severity: Error,
+		Description: "A job listed in a rule's 'needs:' override does not exist in " +
+			"the pipeline. 'rules:needs:' (GitLab CI 16.4+) overrides the top-level " +
+			"'needs:' list when that specific rule matches. GitLab will refuse to " +
+			"create the pipeline if any referenced job is missing.",
+		Example: `stages: [build, test]
+
+build:
+  stage: build
+  script: make
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  script: make test
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
+      needs: [build, lint]   # lint does not exist`,
+		Fix: `stages: [build, test]
+
+lint:
+  stage: build
+  script: make lint
+
+build:
+  stage: build
+  script: make
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  script: make test
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
+      needs: [build, lint]`,
+	},
+
+	RuleInsecureRemoteInclude: {
+		Title:    "remote include uses plain HTTP",
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Description: "An include: remote: entry uses an http:// URL instead of https://. " +
+			"CI templates fetched over plain HTTP are transmitted in cleartext; an " +
+			"attacker with network access could intercept or modify the template " +
+			"before it is parsed. Use https:// so the connection is encrypted and " +
+			"the server's identity is verified.",
+		Example: `include:
+  - remote: http://ci-templates.example.com/build.yml`,
+		Fix: `include:
+  - remote: https://ci-templates.example.com/build.yml`,
+	},
+}

internal/linter/fuzz_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// FuzzLint ensures that the full Parse → Lint pipeline never panics on
+// arbitrary YAML input. Lint rules type-assert model fields extensively;
+// this fuzzer drives those assertions against malformed-but-parseable YAML.
+// Run with: go test -fuzz=FuzzLint ./internal/linter/
+func FuzzLint(f *testing.F) {
+	seeds := []string{
+		// Minimal valid pipeline
+		"stages: [build]\njob:\n  stage: build\n  script: echo ok\n",
+		// Manual / delayed / trigger / on_failure job types
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  when: manual\n",
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  when: delayed\n  start_in: 5 minutes\n",
+		"job:\n  trigger:\n    project: group/repo\n",
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  when: on_failure\n",
+		// needs: and dependencies:
+		"stages: [a,b]\na:\n  stage: a\n  script: ok\nb:\n  stage: b\n  needs: [a]\n  script: ok\n",
+		"stages: [a,b]\na:\n  stage: a\n  script: ok\nb:\n  stage: b\n  dependencies: [a]\n  script: ok\n",
+		// rules:
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  rules:\n    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"main\"'\n      when: on_success\n",
+		// parallel matrix
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  parallel:\n    matrix:\n      - ARCH: [amd64, arm64]\n",
+		// image as string / map
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  image: golang:1.21\n",
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  image:\n    name: golang:1.21\n    entrypoint: ['']\n",
+		// artifacts / cache with both string and map when:
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  artifacts:\n    when: on_success\n    paths: [dist/]\n",
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  cache:\n    key: $CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG\n    paths: [vendor/]\n",
+		// environment / release / coverage
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  environment:\n    name: production\n    url: https://example.com\n",
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  release:\n    tag_name: $CI_COMMIT_TAG\n    description: Release\n",
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  coverage: '/^TOTAL.*?(\\d+%)$/'\n",
+		// retry / timeout
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  retry: 2\n",
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  timeout: 2h30m\n",
+		// workflow
+		"workflow:\n  rules:\n    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH'\n      when: always\njob:\n  script: ok\n",
+		// extends
+		".base:\n  script: ok\nchild:\n  extends: .base\n  stage: test\n",
+		// id_tokens / secrets
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  id_tokens:\n    TOKEN:\n      aud: https://example.com\n",
+		// services
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  services:\n    - name: postgres:14\n      alias: db\n",
+		// pages job
+		"pages:\n  script: make docs\n  artifacts:\n    paths: [public/]\n",
+		// inherit
+		"default:\n  retry: 1\njob:\n  script: ok\n  inherit:\n    default: false\n",
+		// allow_failure
+		"job:\n  script: ok\n  allow_failure:\n    exit_codes: [1, 2]\n",
+	}
+	for _, s := range seeds {
+		f.Add([]byte(s))
+	}
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		p, err := model.ParseBytes(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		// Lint must never panic regardless of pipeline content.
+		_ = Lint(p, nil)
+	})
+}

internal/linter/if_reachability.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/cicontext"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// checkRulesIfReachability (GL042): warn when every rule in a job's rules: block
+// can be statically proven to never activate given the values of variables
+// declared in the pipeline YAML. Only fires when ALL variables referenced by the
+// rules:if: expressions are declared in the pipeline or job variables: blocks —
+// predefined CI_* / GITLAB_* variables or variables not declared in YAML are
+// treated as unknown (could have any runtime value) so the check is skipped
+// conservatively to avoid false positives.
+func checkRulesIfReachability(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+	if len(p.Jobs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Collect scalar string values from pipeline-level variables.
+	pipelineVars := make(map[string]string, len(p.Variables))
+	for k, v := range p.Variables {
+		if s, ok := cicontext.ScalarString(v); ok {
+			pipelineVars[k] = s
+		}
+	}
+
+	var findings []Finding
+	for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+		if len(job.Rules) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Merge pipeline vars with job-level variable overrides.
+		jobVars := make(map[string]string, len(pipelineVars)+len(job.Variables))
+		for k, v := range pipelineVars {
+			jobVars[k] = v
+		}
+		for k, v := range job.Variables {
+			if s, ok := cicontext.ScalarString(v); ok {
+				jobVars[k] = s
+			}
+		}
+
+		if f := evalRulesReachability(name, job, jobVars); f != nil {
+			findings = append(findings, *f)
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+// evalRulesReachability returns a GL042 finding when the job's rules: block
+// can never activate given the provided variable map, or nil if the job
+// might activate (or the check cannot be applied conservatively).
+func evalRulesReachability(name string, job model.Job, jobVars map[string]string) *Finding {
+	lookup := func(k string) string { return jobVars[k] }
+
+	for _, rule := range job.Rules {
+		// Explicit when: never — this rule is provably dead; continue.
+		if rule.When == "never" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// No if: condition → this rule always matches → job CAN activate.
+		if rule.If == "" {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// Check whether all variables referenced in the if: expression are
+		// declared in the pipeline YAML. If any are not declared (predefined
+		// CI vars, project settings, etc.), we cannot evaluate the expression
+		// and must conservatively assume the job might activate.
+		refs := extractIfVars(rule.If)
+		allDeclared := true
+		for _, ref := range refs {
+			if _, ok := jobVars[ref]; !ok {
+				// Variable not in YAML (predefined or unknown) → cannot evaluate.
+				allDeclared = false
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !allDeclared {
+			return nil // conservative: job might activate
+		}
+
+		// All referenced variables are declared; evaluate the expression.
+		// Use strict mode (unparse → false) to avoid matching unparseable expressions.
+		if cicontext.EvalIfStrict(rule.If, lookup) {
+			// This rule's condition evaluates to true → job CAN activate.
+			return nil
+		}
+		// Expression evaluated to false → this rule cannot activate; continue.
+	}
+
+	// No rule could activate the job.
+	return &Finding{
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Rule:     RuleStaticDeadRules,
+		Job:      name,
+		File:     job.File,
+		Line:     job.Line,
+		Column:   job.Column,
+		Message:  "rules: block can never activate: all if: conditions evaluate to false given the declared pipeline variables",
+	}
+}

internal/linter/if_reachability_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestCheckRulesIfReachability(t *testing.T) {
+	makeJob := func(vars map[string]any, rules []model.Rule) model.Job {
+		return model.Job{Variables: vars, Rules: rules}
+	}
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name        string
+		pipelineVars map[string]any
+		jobs        map[string]model.Job
+		wantHit     []string // job names that should produce GL042
+		wantMiss    []string // job names that should NOT produce GL042
+	}{
+		{
+			name:         "declared var always false — GL042 fires",
+			pipelineVars: map[string]any{"DEPLOY": "false"},
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"deploy": makeJob(nil, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$DEPLOY == "true"`, When: "on_success"},
+				}),
+			},
+			wantHit:  []string{"deploy"},
+			wantMiss: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "declared var matches — no finding",
+			pipelineVars: map[string]any{"DEPLOY": "true"},
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"deploy": makeJob(nil, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$DEPLOY == "true"`, When: "on_success"},
+				}),
+			},
+			wantHit:  nil,
+			wantMiss: []string{"deploy"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "predefined CI_ var — skip check conservatively",
+			pipelineVars: nil,
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"branch-job": makeJob(nil, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "never-exists"`, When: "on_success"},
+				}),
+			},
+			wantHit:  nil,
+			wantMiss: []string{"branch-job"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "undeclared var — skip check conservatively",
+			pipelineVars: nil,
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"my-job": makeJob(nil, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$UNKNOWN_VAR == "x"`, When: "on_success"},
+				}),
+			},
+			wantHit:  nil,
+			wantMiss: []string{"my-job"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "unconditional rule — job can always activate",
+			pipelineVars: map[string]any{"DEPLOY": "false"},
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"my-job": makeJob(nil, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$DEPLOY == "true"`, When: "never"},
+					{When: "on_success"},
+				}),
+			},
+			wantHit:  nil,
+			wantMiss: []string{"my-job"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "all rules when:never — GL042 fires (not GL033 territory overlap)",
+			pipelineVars: map[string]any{"DEPLOY": "false"},
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"my-job": makeJob(nil, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$DEPLOY == "true"`, When: "on_success"},
+					{When: "never"},
+				}),
+			},
+			// Rule 1 evaluates to false; Rule 2 is explicit never → all dead.
+			wantHit:  []string{"my-job"},
+			wantMiss: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "job-level var overrides pipeline var",
+			pipelineVars: map[string]any{"FLAG": "false"},
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"my-job": makeJob(map[string]any{"FLAG": "true"}, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$FLAG == "true"`, When: "on_success"},
+				}),
+			},
+			// Job-level FLAG="true" makes the if: evaluate to true → no finding.
+			wantHit:  nil,
+			wantMiss: []string{"my-job"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "no rules — nothing to check",
+			pipelineVars: map[string]any{"DEPLOY": "false"},
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"my-job": makeJob(nil, nil),
+			},
+			wantHit:  nil,
+			wantMiss: []string{"my-job"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "boolean variable evaluates correctly",
+			pipelineVars: map[string]any{"FLAG": false}, // bool false
+			jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+				"my-job": makeJob(nil, []model.Rule{
+					{If: `$FLAG == "true"`, When: "on_success"},
+				}),
+			},
+			// ScalarString(false) → "false"; "false" == "true" → false → GL042 fires.
+			wantHit:  []string{"my-job"},
+			wantMiss: nil,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			p := &model.Pipeline{
+				Variables: tc.pipelineVars,
+				Jobs:      tc.jobs,
+			}
+			findings := checkRulesIfReachability(p)
+
+			hitSet := make(map[string]bool)
+			for _, f := range findings {
+				if f.Rule == RuleStaticDeadRules {
+					hitSet[f.Job] = true
+				}
+			}
+
+			for _, want := range tc.wantHit {
+				if !hitSet[want] {
+					t.Errorf("expected GL042 for job %q but it was not reported; findings: %v", want, findings)
+				}
+			}
+			for _, notWant := range tc.wantMiss {
+				if hitSet[notWant] {
+					t.Errorf("unexpected GL042 for job %q", notWant)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckRulesIfReachability_EmptyPipeline covers the early return (line 16-18)
+// when the pipeline has no jobs.
+func TestCheckRulesIfReachability_EmptyPipeline(t *testing.T) {
+	findings := checkRulesIfReachability(&model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}})
+	if len(findings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("empty pipeline: expected no findings, got %v", findings)
+	}
+}

internal/linter/includes.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// checkInsecureRemoteInclude warns when an include: remote: entry uses plain
+// HTTP (GL045). The file is still fetched and linted; the finding is a warning
+// so pipelines that use HTTP for internal infra are not blocked.
+func checkInsecureRemoteInclude(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+	var findings []Finding
+	for _, inc := range p.Include {
+		m, ok := inc.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		remote, _ := m["remote"].(string)
+		if strings.HasPrefix(remote, "http://") {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Warning,
+				Rule:     RuleInsecureRemoteInclude,
+				File:     p.SourceFile,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("remote include %q uses plain HTTP; CI templates are fetched unencrypted — prefer HTTPS", remote),
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}

internal/linter/includes_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestCheckInsecureRemoteInclude(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		include []any
+		wantGL  string // expected rule ID, empty = no findings
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "http URL triggers GL045",
+			include: []any{map[string]any{"remote": "http://example.com/ci.yml"}},
+			wantGL:  RuleInsecureRemoteInclude,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "https URL is clean",
+			include: []any{map[string]any{"remote": "https://example.com/ci.yml"}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "local include ignored",
+			include: []any{map[string]any{"local": "/templates/ci.yml"}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "string include ignored",
+			include: []any{"/templates/ci.yml"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "no includes",
+			include: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "mixed: http fires, https does not",
+			include: []any{
+				map[string]any{"remote": "https://ok.example.com/ci.yml"},
+				map[string]any{"remote": "http://bad.example.com/ci.yml"},
+			},
+			wantGL: RuleInsecureRemoteInclude,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			p := &model.Pipeline{
+				Include: tc.include,
+				Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{},
+			}
+			findings := checkInsecureRemoteInclude(p)
+			if tc.wantGL == "" {
+				if len(findings) != 0 {
+					t.Errorf("expected no findings, got: %v", findings)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			found := false
+			for _, f := range findings {
+				if f.Rule == tc.wantGL {
+					found = true
+					if f.Severity != Warning {
+						t.Errorf("severity = %v; want Warning", f.Severity)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			if !found {
+				t.Errorf("expected finding %s, got: %v", tc.wantGL, findings)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/linter/inherit_completeness.go

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// checkInheritCompleteness (GL043): warn when a job's 'inherit: default:'
+// declaration is dead — either because there is no 'default:' block in the
+// pipeline, or because the list form references fields that are not defined
+// in the 'default:' block.
+func checkInheritCompleteness(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+	var findings []Finding
+	for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+		findings = append(findings, checkJobInheritCompleteness(p, name, job)...)
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+func checkJobInheritCompleteness(p *model.Pipeline, name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if job.Inherit == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	m, ok := job.Inherit.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	defaultVal, hasDefault := m["default"]
+	if !hasDefault {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Case 1: no default: block at all — the entire declaration is a no-op.
+	if p.Default == nil {
+		return []Finding{{
+			Severity: Warning,
+			Rule:     RuleInheritNoDefault,
+			Job:      name,
+			File:     job.File,
+			Line:     job.Line,
+			Column:   job.Column,
+			Message:  "'inherit: default:' is declared but the pipeline has no 'default:' block — declaration has no effect",
+		}}
+	}
+
+	// Case 2: list form — check for field names not set in default:.
+	list, ok := defaultVal.([]any)
+	if !ok {
+		// bool form (true/false) with a non-nil default: block is always valid.
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var dead []string
+	for _, item := range list {
+		field, ok := item.(string)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !defaultBlockHasField(p.Default, field) {
+			dead = append(dead, field)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(dead) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return []Finding{{
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Rule:     RuleInheritNoDefault,
+		Job:      name,
+		File:     job.File,
+		Line:     job.Line,
+		Column:   job.Column,
+		Message: fmt.Sprintf(
+			"'inherit: default: [%s]': %s not defined in the 'default:' block — %s",
+			strings.Join(dead, ", "),
+			pluralIs(len(dead)),
+			"these entries have no effect",
+		),
+	}}
+}
+
+// defaultBlockHasField reports whether the given field name has a non-zero value
+// in the default: block. Unknown field names return true (conservative).
+func defaultBlockHasField(d *model.DefaultConfig, field string) bool {
+	switch field {
+	case "image":
+		return d.Image != nil
+	case "before_script":
+		return d.BeforeScript != nil
+	case "after_script":
+		return d.AfterScript != nil
+	case "cache":
+		return d.Cache != nil
+	case "artifacts":
+		return d.Artifacts != nil
+	case "retry":
+		return d.Retry != nil
+	case "timeout":
+		return d.Timeout != ""
+	case "tags":
+		return len(d.Tags) > 0
+	}
+	// Unknown field name — conservatively assume it might be defined.
+	return true
+}
+
+func pluralIs(n int) string {
+	if n == 1 {
+		return "this field is"
+	}
+	return "these fields are"
+}

internal/linter/inherit_completeness_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestCheckInheritCompleteness(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		default_ *model.DefaultConfig
+		inherit any // job.Inherit value
+		wantHit bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "no inherit — no finding",
+			inherit: nil,
+			wantHit: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "inherit: default: false, no default block — GL043",
+			inherit: map[string]any{"default": false},
+			wantHit: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "inherit: default: true, no default block — GL043",
+			inherit: map[string]any{"default": true},
+			wantHit: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "inherit: default: [image], no default block — GL043",
+			inherit: map[string]any{"default": []any{"image"}},
+			wantHit: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inherit: default: false, default block exists — no finding",
+			default_: &model.DefaultConfig{Image: "node:20"},
+			inherit:  map[string]any{"default": false},
+			wantHit:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inherit: default: [image], image in default — no finding",
+			default_: &model.DefaultConfig{Image: "node:20"},
+			inherit:  map[string]any{"default": []any{"image"}},
+			wantHit:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inherit: default: [before_script], before_script NOT in default — GL043",
+			default_: &model.DefaultConfig{Image: "node:20"},
+			inherit:  map[string]any{"default": []any{"before_script"}},
+			wantHit:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inherit: default: [image, before_script], only image in default — GL043 for before_script",
+			default_: &model.DefaultConfig{Image: "node:20"},
+			inherit:  map[string]any{"default": []any{"image", "before_script"}},
+			wantHit:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inherit: variables only — no default check",
+			default_: nil,
+			inherit:  map[string]any{"variables": false},
+			wantHit:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inherit: unknown field in list — conservative, no finding",
+			default_: &model.DefaultConfig{Image: "node:20"},
+			inherit:  map[string]any{"default": []any{"nonexistent_field"}},
+			wantHit:  false, // unknown fields return true from defaultBlockHasField
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			job := model.Job{Inherit: tc.inherit}
+			p := &model.Pipeline{
+				Default: tc.default_,
+				Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{"test-job": job},
+			}
+			findings := checkInheritCompleteness(p)
+
+			hit := false
+			for _, f := range findings {
+				if f.Rule == RuleInheritNoDefault {
+					hit = true
+				}
+			}
+			if hit != tc.wantHit {
+				t.Errorf("GL043 hit=%v, want=%v; findings: %v", hit, tc.wantHit, findings)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckInheritCompleteness_BoolInherit verifies that a scalar (non-map)
+// inherit value (e.g. inherit: true) is silently ignored.
+func TestCheckInheritCompleteness_BoolInherit(t *testing.T) {
+	job := model.Job{Inherit: true}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Default: nil,
+		Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{"job": job},
+	}
+	if findings := checkInheritCompleteness(p); len(findings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("bool inherit should produce no findings; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckInheritCompleteness_ListItemNotString verifies that non-string items
+// in the inherit: default: list are skipped.
+func TestCheckInheritCompleteness_ListItemNotString(t *testing.T) {
+	// The list contains 42 (int) and "image" (string). Only "image" should be checked.
+	job := model.Job{Inherit: map[string]any{"default": []any{42, "image"}}}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Default: &model.DefaultConfig{Image: "node:20"},
+		Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{"job": job},
+	}
+	// "image" IS set in default → no findings.
+	if findings := checkInheritCompleteness(p); len(findings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("non-string item should be skipped; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestDefaultBlockHasField_AllFields exercises every field branch in
+// defaultBlockHasField, including the ones not covered by the main table test.
+func TestDefaultBlockHasField_AllFields(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		d     *model.DefaultConfig
+		field string
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{"after_script set", &model.DefaultConfig{AfterScript: []any{"echo"}}, "after_script", true},
+		{"after_script nil", &model.DefaultConfig{}, "after_script", false},
+		{"cache set", &model.DefaultConfig{Cache: map[string]any{"key": "main"}}, "cache", true},
+		{"cache nil", &model.DefaultConfig{}, "cache", false},
+		{"artifacts set", &model.DefaultConfig{Artifacts: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"dist/"}}}, "artifacts", true},
+		{"artifacts nil", &model.DefaultConfig{}, "artifacts", false},
+		{"retry set", &model.DefaultConfig{Retry: 2}, "retry", true},
+		{"retry nil", &model.DefaultConfig{}, "retry", false},
+		{"timeout set", &model.DefaultConfig{Timeout: "30m"}, "timeout", true},
+		{"timeout empty", &model.DefaultConfig{}, "timeout", false},
+		{"tags set", &model.DefaultConfig{Tags: []string{"docker"}}, "tags", true},
+		{"tags empty", &model.DefaultConfig{}, "tags", false},
+		{"unknown field", &model.DefaultConfig{}, "unknown_field", true}, // conservative
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := defaultBlockHasField(tc.d, tc.field)
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("defaultBlockHasField(%q) = %v, want %v", tc.field, got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestPluralIs covers both branches of pluralIs.
+func TestPluralIs(t *testing.T) {
+	if pluralIs(1) != "this field is" {
+		t.Errorf("pluralIs(1) = %q, want 'this field is'", pluralIs(1))
+	}
+	if pluralIs(2) != "these fields are" {
+		t.Errorf("pluralIs(2) = %q, want 'these fields are'", pluralIs(2))
+	}
+}

internal/linter/keywords.go

@@ -8,6 +8,15 @@ import (
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
 )
 
+// dnsLabelPattern matches a valid hostname label: starts and ends with
+// alphanumeric, middle may contain hyphens and dots; max 63 chars per label.
+var dnsLabelPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-zA-Z0-9]([a-zA-Z0-9.-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?$`)
+
+// timeoutPattern matches a GitLab CI duration string: one or more pairs of
+// "<number> <unit>" where unit is a recognised time word or abbreviation.
+var timeoutPattern = regexp.MustCompile(
+	`(?i)^\s*(\d+\s*(weeks?|w|days?|d|hours?|h|minutes?|mins?|m|seconds?|secs?|s)\s*)+$`)
+
 var validJobWhen = map[string]bool{
 	"on_success": true,
 	"on_failure": true,
@@ -95,8 +104,16 @@ func checkJobKeywords(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	findings = append(findings, checkArtifacts(name, job)...)
 	findings = append(findings, checkCache(name, job)...)
 	findings = append(findings, checkRules(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkDeadRules(name, job)...)
 	findings = append(findings, checkImage(name, job)...)
 	findings = append(findings, checkInherit(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkServices(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkRulesGlobs(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkTimeout(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkIDTokens(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkSecrets(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkPagesKeyword(name, job)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkCacheKeyFiles(name, job)...)
 	return findings
 }
 
@@ -105,6 +122,7 @@ func checkWhen(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if job.When != "" && !validJobWhen[job.When] {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidWhen,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'when' has invalid value %q; valid: on_success, on_failure, always, manual, delayed, never", job.When),
 		})
@@ -112,6 +130,7 @@ func checkWhen(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if job.When == "delayed" && job.StartIn == "" {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleDelayedNoStartIn,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'when: delayed' requires 'start_in' (e.g. 'start_in: 30 minutes')",
 		})
@@ -119,6 +138,7 @@ func checkWhen(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if job.When != "delayed" && job.StartIn != "" {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleStartInNoDelayed,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'start_in' is only valid when 'when: delayed'",
 		})
@@ -135,6 +155,7 @@ func checkParallel(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if v < 2 || v > 200 {
 			return []Finding{{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidParallel,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'parallel' must be between 2 and 200, got %d", v),
 			}}
@@ -143,6 +164,7 @@ func checkParallel(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if _, ok := v["matrix"]; !ok {
 			return []Finding{{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidParallel,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  "'parallel' map form must have a 'matrix' key",
 			}}
@@ -150,6 +172,7 @@ func checkParallel(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	default:
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidParallel,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'parallel' must be an integer (2–200) or a map with 'matrix'",
 		}}
@@ -166,6 +189,7 @@ func checkRetry(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if v < 0 || v > 2 {
 			return []Finding{{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidRetry,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'retry' must be 0, 1, or 2; got %d", v),
 			}}
@@ -176,6 +200,7 @@ func checkRetry(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 			if n, ok := maxVal.(int); ok && (n < 0 || n > 2) {
 				findings = append(findings, Finding{
 					Severity: Error,
+					Rule:     RuleInvalidRetry,
 					Job:      name,
 					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'retry.max' must be 0, 1, or 2; got %d", n),
 				})
@@ -188,6 +213,7 @@ func checkRetry(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	default:
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidRetry,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'retry' must be an integer (0–2) or a map with 'max'/'when'",
 		}}
@@ -201,6 +227,7 @@ func validateRetryWhen(name string, val any) []Finding {
 		if !validRetryWhen[s] {
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidRetryWhen,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'retry.when' has invalid value %q", s),
 			})
@@ -230,6 +257,7 @@ func checkAllowFailure(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if _, ok := v["exit_codes"]; !ok {
 			return []Finding{{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidAllowFailure,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  "'allow_failure' map form must contain 'exit_codes'",
 			}}
@@ -238,6 +266,7 @@ func checkAllowFailure(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		_ = v
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidAllowFailure,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'allow_failure' must be a boolean or a map with 'exit_codes'",
 		}}
@@ -252,6 +281,7 @@ func checkInterruptible(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if _, ok := job.Interruptible.(bool); !ok {
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidInterruptible,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'interruptible' must be a boolean",
 		}}
@@ -267,6 +297,7 @@ func checkTrigger(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if scriptNonEmpty(job.Script) {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleTriggerWithScript,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "jobs with 'trigger' cannot use 'script'",
 		})
@@ -277,6 +308,7 @@ func checkTrigger(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if !hasProject && !hasInclude {
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidTrigger,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  "'trigger' map must specify 'project' or 'include'",
 			})
@@ -294,6 +326,7 @@ func checkCoverage(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if !coveragePattern.MatchString(job.Coverage) {
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidCoverage,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'coverage' must be a regex pattern wrapped in '/' (e.g. '/\\d+\\.?\\d*%%/'), got %q", job.Coverage),
 		}}
@@ -309,6 +342,7 @@ func checkRelease(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if !ok {
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidRelease,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'release' must be a map",
 		}}
@@ -317,6 +351,7 @@ func checkRelease(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if !exists || tagName == "" || tagName == nil {
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidRelease,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'release' requires 'tag_name'",
 		}}
@@ -334,11 +369,12 @@ func checkEnvironment(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		return nil
 	}
 	var findings []Finding
-	envName, _ := m["name"]
+	envName := m["name"]
 	_, hasURL := m["url"]
 	if (envName == nil || envName == "") && hasURL {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidEnvironment,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'environment.url' requires 'environment.name' to be set",
 		})
@@ -346,6 +382,7 @@ func checkEnvironment(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if action, ok := m["action"].(string); ok && !validEnvironmentAction[action] {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidEnvironment,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'environment.action' has invalid value %q; valid: start, stop, prepare, verify, access", action),
 		})
@@ -365,22 +402,25 @@ func checkArtifacts(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if w, ok := m["when"].(string); ok && !validArtifactsWhen[w] {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidArtifacts,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'artifacts.when' has invalid value %q; valid: on_success, on_failure, always", w),
 		})
 	}
 	if _, hasExposeAs := m["expose_as"]; hasExposeAs {
-		paths, _ := m["paths"]
+		paths := m["paths"]
 		if paths == nil {
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidArtifacts,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  "'artifacts.expose_as' requires 'artifacts.paths'",
 			})
 		}
 	}
-	// Pages job should publish to public/
-	if name == "pages" {
+	// Pages job should publish to public/. Skip when pages: keyword is set;
+	// GL039 (checkPagesKeyword) handles that case with a more precise check.
+	if name == "pages" && job.Pages == nil {
 		if paths, ok := m["paths"].([]any); ok {
 			found := false
 			for _, p := range paths {
@@ -392,6 +432,7 @@ func checkArtifacts(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 			if !found {
 				findings = append(findings, Finding{
 					Severity: Warning,
+					Rule:     RulePagesPublic,
 					Job:      name,
 					Message:  "the 'pages' job should include 'public' in 'artifacts.paths' for GitLab Pages to deploy",
 				})
@@ -421,6 +462,7 @@ func checkCache(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if w, ok := m["when"].(string); ok && !validCacheWhen[w] {
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidCache,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'cache.when' has invalid value %q; valid: on_success, on_failure, always", w),
 			})
@@ -428,6 +470,7 @@ func checkCache(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if p, ok := m["policy"].(string); ok && !validCachePolicy[p] {
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidCache,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'cache.policy' has invalid value %q; valid: pull, push, pull-push", p),
 			})
@@ -442,6 +485,7 @@ func checkRules(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		if rule.When != "" && !validRuleWhen[rule.When] {
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidRulesWhen,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("rules[%d].when has invalid value %q; valid: on_success, on_failure, always, manual, delayed, never", i, rule.When),
 			})
@@ -450,6 +494,28 @@ func checkRules(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	return findings
 }
 
+// checkDeadRules reports when every rule in a job's rules: block has an
+// explicit when: never, making the job permanently unreachable. This is a
+// provably-correct static claim: no matter which if: condition matches, the
+// outcome is always "never"; and if no rule matches, the implicit fallback is
+// also skip. No if: evaluation is required.
+func checkDeadRules(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if len(job.Rules) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	for _, r := range job.Rules {
+		if r.When != "never" {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return []Finding{{
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Rule:     RuleDeadRules,
+		Job:      name,
+		Message:  "rules: block can never activate; every rule has 'when: never' — job is permanently excluded from the pipeline",
+	}}
+}
+
 func checkImage(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if job.Image == nil {
 		return nil
@@ -458,10 +524,11 @@ func checkImage(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	if !ok {
 		return nil // String form is valid.
 	}
-	imgName, _ := m["name"]
+	imgName := m["name"]
 	if imgName == nil || imgName == "" {
 		return []Finding{{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidImage,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'image' map form requires a 'name' key",
 		}}
@@ -489,6 +556,7 @@ func checkInherit(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 		default:
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidInherit,
 				Job:      name,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'inherit.%s' must be a boolean or a list of names", key),
 			})
@@ -496,3 +564,289 @@ func checkInherit(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
 	}
 	return findings
 }
+
+// GL034: services: map form requires 'name'; 'alias' must be a valid DNS label.
+func checkServices(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if len(job.Services) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var findings []Finding
+	for i, svc := range job.Services {
+		m, ok := svc.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			continue // string form is valid
+		}
+		n := m["name"]
+		if n == nil || n == "" {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidService,
+				Job:      name,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("services[%d]: map form requires a 'name' key", i),
+			})
+		}
+		if alias, ok := m["alias"].(string); ok && alias != "" {
+			if !dnsLabelPattern.MatchString(alias) {
+				findings = append(findings, Finding{
+					Severity: Error,
+					Rule:     RuleInvalidService,
+					Job:      name,
+					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("services[%d]: alias %q is not a valid DNS label (only letters, digits, hyphens, and dots; must start and end with alphanumeric)", i, alias),
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+// GL035: rules:changes and rules:exists paths must not be absolute.
+func checkRulesGlobs(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	var findings []Finding
+	for i, rule := range job.Rules {
+		findings = append(findings, checkAbsolutePaths(name, fmt.Sprintf("rules[%d].changes", i), rule.Changes)...)
+		findings = append(findings, checkAbsolutePaths(name, fmt.Sprintf("rules[%d].exists", i), rule.Exists)...)
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+func checkAbsolutePaths(name, field string, val any) []Finding {
+	var paths []string
+	switch v := val.(type) {
+	case []any:
+		for _, item := range v {
+			if s, ok := item.(string); ok {
+				paths = append(paths, s)
+			}
+		}
+	case map[string]any:
+		if ps, ok := v["paths"].([]any); ok {
+			for _, item := range ps {
+				if s, ok := item.(string); ok {
+					paths = append(paths, s)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	var findings []Finding
+	for _, p := range paths {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(p, "/") {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Warning,
+				Rule:     RuleAbsoluteGlobPath,
+				Job:      name,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("%s: path %q is absolute; GitLab CI paths are relative to the repository root — absolute paths will never match", field, p),
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+// GL036: timeout: must be a valid GitLab CI duration string.
+func checkTimeout(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if job.Timeout == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if !timeoutPattern.MatchString(job.Timeout) {
+		return []Finding{{
+			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidTimeout,
+			Job:      name,
+			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'timeout' has invalid value %q; expected a duration like '1h 30m', '90 minutes', '2 hours'", job.Timeout),
+		}}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CheckDefaultTimeout validates the pipeline-level default: timeout: field.
+// Exported so it can be called from linter.go.
+func checkDefaultTimeout(timeout, file string) []Finding {
+	if timeout == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if !timeoutPattern.MatchString(timeout) {
+		return []Finding{{
+			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleInvalidTimeout,
+			File:     file,
+			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'default.timeout' has invalid value %q; expected a duration like '1h 30m', '90 minutes', '2 hours'", timeout),
+		}}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GL037: id_tokens: each entry must have an 'aud' key.
+func checkIDTokens(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if job.IDTokens == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	m, ok := job.IDTokens.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var findings []Finding
+	for tokenName, tokenVal := range m {
+		tokenMap, ok := tokenVal.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidIDToken,
+				Job:      name,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("id_tokens.%s: must be a map with an 'aud' key", tokenName),
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, hasAud := tokenMap["aud"]; !hasAud {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidIDToken,
+				Job:      name,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("id_tokens.%s: missing required 'aud' key", tokenName),
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+// GL038: secrets: each entry must have a provider key (vault, gcp_secret_manager, azure_key_vault).
+func checkSecrets(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if job.Secrets == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	m, ok := job.Secrets.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	validProviders := []string{"vault", "gcp_secret_manager", "azure_key_vault"}
+	var findings []Finding
+	for secretName, secretVal := range m {
+		secretMap, ok := secretVal.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidSecret,
+				Job:      name,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("secrets.%s: must be a map with a provider key (vault, gcp_secret_manager, or azure_key_vault)", secretName),
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+		hasProvider := false
+		for _, provider := range validProviders {
+			if _, ok := secretMap[provider]; ok {
+				hasProvider = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !hasProvider {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidSecret,
+				Job:      name,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("secrets.%s: missing provider key; must include one of: vault, gcp_secret_manager, azure_key_vault", secretName),
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+// GL039: a job with the pages: keyword must have the publish directory in artifacts.paths.
+func checkPagesKeyword(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if job.Pages == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	publishDir := "public"
+	if m, ok := job.Pages.(map[string]any); ok {
+		if p, ok := m["publish"].(string); ok && p != "" {
+			publishDir = p
+		}
+	}
+	if job.Artifacts == nil {
+		return []Finding{{
+			Severity: Warning,
+			Rule:     RulePagesPublish,
+			Job:      name,
+			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("job uses 'pages:' keyword with publish dir %q but has no 'artifacts:' block — GitLab Pages will not deploy", publishDir),
+		}}
+	}
+	m, ok := job.Artifacts.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	paths, ok := m["paths"].([]any)
+	if !ok || len(paths) == 0 {
+		return []Finding{{
+			Severity: Warning,
+			Rule:     RulePagesPublish,
+			Job:      name,
+			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("job uses 'pages:' keyword with publish dir %q but 'artifacts.paths' is missing — GitLab Pages will not deploy", publishDir),
+		}}
+	}
+	for _, p := range paths {
+		if s, ok := p.(string); ok && (s == publishDir || strings.HasPrefix(s, publishDir+"/")) {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return []Finding{{
+		Severity: Warning,
+		Rule:     RulePagesPublish,
+		Job:      name,
+		Message:  fmt.Sprintf("'pages.publish' is %q but 'artifacts.paths' does not include it — GitLab Pages will not deploy", publishDir),
+	}}
+}
+
+// GL041: cache.key.files must be a list of exact file paths, not glob patterns.
+func checkCacheKeyFiles(name string, job model.Job) []Finding {
+	if job.Cache == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var maps []map[string]any
+	switch v := job.Cache.(type) {
+	case map[string]any:
+		maps = []map[string]any{v}
+	case []any:
+		for _, item := range v {
+			if m, ok := item.(map[string]any); ok {
+				maps = append(maps, m)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	var findings []Finding
+	for _, m := range maps {
+		keyVal, ok := m["key"]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		keyMap, ok := keyVal.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		filesVal, ok := keyMap["files"]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		filesList, ok := filesVal.([]any)
+		if !ok {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleInvalidCacheKeyFiles,
+				Job:      name,
+				Message:  "'cache.key.files' must be a list of file paths",
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, item := range filesList {
+			s, ok := item.(string)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			if strings.ContainsAny(s, "*?[") {
+				findings = append(findings, Finding{
+					Severity: Warning,
+					Rule:     RuleInvalidCacheKeyFiles,
+					Job:      name,
+					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("cache.key.files: %q looks like a glob pattern; 'key.files' must be exact file paths, not globs", s),
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}

internal/linter/keywords_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,613 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// ── checkWhen ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckWhen(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		job     model.Job
+		wantN   int
+		wantRule string
+	}{
+		{"valid when", model.Job{When: "on_success"}, 0, ""},
+		{"invalid when", model.Job{When: "bad_value"}, 1, RuleInvalidWhen},
+		{"delayed requires start_in", model.Job{When: "delayed"}, 1, RuleDelayedNoStartIn},
+		{"delayed with start_in", model.Job{When: "delayed", StartIn: "30 minutes"}, 0, ""},
+		{"start_in without delayed", model.Job{When: "on_success", StartIn: "5m"}, 1, RuleStartInNoDelayed},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := checkWhen("j", tc.job)
+			if len(got) != tc.wantN {
+				t.Errorf("got %d findings want %d: %v", len(got), tc.wantN, got)
+			}
+			if tc.wantRule != "" && len(got) > 0 && got[0].Rule != tc.wantRule {
+				t.Errorf("rule: got %q want %q", got[0].Rule, tc.wantRule)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── checkParallel ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckParallel(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		job   model.Job
+		wantN int
+	}{
+		{"nil parallel", model.Job{}, 0},
+		{"valid int", model.Job{Parallel: 4}, 0},
+		{"int too low", model.Job{Parallel: 1}, 1},
+		{"int too high", model.Job{Parallel: 201}, 1},
+		{"map with matrix", model.Job{Parallel: map[string]any{"matrix": []any{}}}, 0},
+		{"map without matrix", model.Job{Parallel: map[string]any{"other": true}}, 1},
+		{"invalid type", model.Job{Parallel: "string"}, 1},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := checkParallel("j", tc.job)
+			if len(got) != tc.wantN {
+				t.Errorf("got %d findings want %d", len(got), tc.wantN)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── checkRetry ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckRetry(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		job   model.Job
+		wantN int
+	}{
+		{"nil retry", model.Job{}, 0},
+		{"valid int 0", model.Job{Retry: 0}, 0},
+		{"valid int 2", model.Job{Retry: 2}, 0},
+		{"invalid int -1", model.Job{Retry: -1}, 1},
+		{"invalid int 3", model.Job{Retry: 3}, 1},
+		{"map with valid max", model.Job{Retry: map[string]any{"max": 1}}, 0},
+		{"map with invalid max", model.Job{Retry: map[string]any{"max": 5}}, 1},
+		{"map with valid when string", model.Job{Retry: map[string]any{"when": "always"}}, 0},
+		{"map with invalid when string", model.Job{Retry: map[string]any{"when": "bad_reason"}}, 1},
+		{"map with when slice", model.Job{Retry: map[string]any{"when": []any{"always", "script_failure"}}}, 0},
+		{"map with when slice invalid", model.Job{Retry: map[string]any{"when": []any{"bad_reason"}}}, 1},
+		{"invalid type", model.Job{Retry: "string"}, 1},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := checkRetry("j", tc.job)
+			if len(got) != tc.wantN {
+				t.Errorf("got %d findings want %d: %v", len(got), tc.wantN, got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── checkAllowFailure ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckAllowFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		job   model.Job
+		wantN int
+	}{
+		{"nil", model.Job{}, 0},
+		{"bool true", model.Job{Allow: true}, 0},
+		{"bool false", model.Job{Allow: false}, 0},
+		{"map with exit_codes", model.Job{Allow: map[string]any{"exit_codes": []any{1, 2}}}, 0},
+		{"map without exit_codes", model.Job{Allow: map[string]any{"other": true}}, 1},
+		{"invalid type", model.Job{Allow: "yes"}, 1},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := checkAllowFailure("j", tc.job)
+			if len(got) != tc.wantN {
+				t.Errorf("got %d findings want %d", len(got), tc.wantN)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── checkInterruptible ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckInterruptible(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkInterruptible("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: expected clean") }
+	if len(checkInterruptible("j", model.Job{Interruptible: true})) != 0 { t.Error("bool true: expected clean") }
+	if len(checkInterruptible("j", model.Job{Interruptible: false})) != 0 { t.Error("bool false: expected clean") }
+	if len(checkInterruptible("j", model.Job{Interruptible: "yes"})) != 1 { t.Error("string: expected error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkTrigger ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckTrigger(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		job   model.Job
+		wantN int
+	}{
+		{"nil trigger", model.Job{}, 0},
+		{"string trigger", model.Job{Trigger: "other/project"}, 0},
+		{"trigger with script", model.Job{Trigger: "x", Script: []any{"echo"}}, 1},
+		{"map trigger with project", model.Job{Trigger: map[string]any{"project": "g/p"}}, 0},
+		{"map trigger with include", model.Job{Trigger: map[string]any{"include": "ci.yml"}}, 0},
+		{"map trigger missing both", model.Job{Trigger: map[string]any{"strategy": "depend"}}, 1},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := checkTrigger("j", tc.job)
+			if len(got) != tc.wantN {
+				t.Errorf("got %d findings want %d: %v", len(got), tc.wantN, got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── checkCoverage ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckCoverage(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkCoverage("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("empty: clean") }
+	if len(checkCoverage("j", model.Job{Coverage: `/\d+%/`})) != 0 { t.Error("valid: clean") }
+	if len(checkCoverage("j", model.Job{Coverage: "bad"})) != 1 { t.Error("missing slashes: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkRelease ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckRelease(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkRelease("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	if len(checkRelease("j", model.Job{Release: "string"})) != 1 { t.Error("string: error") }
+	if len(checkRelease("j", model.Job{Release: map[string]any{"tag_name": "v1"}})) != 0 { t.Error("valid map: clean") }
+	if len(checkRelease("j", model.Job{Release: map[string]any{"description": "x"}})) != 1 { t.Error("no tag_name: error") }
+	if len(checkRelease("j", model.Job{Release: map[string]any{"tag_name": ""}})) != 1 { t.Error("empty tag_name: error") }
+	if len(checkRelease("j", model.Job{Release: map[string]any{"tag_name": nil}})) != 1 { t.Error("nil tag_name: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkEnvironment ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkEnvironment("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	if len(checkEnvironment("j", model.Job{Environment: "production"})) != 0 { t.Error("string: clean") }
+	if len(checkEnvironment("j", model.Job{Environment: map[string]any{"name": "prod"}})) != 0 { t.Error("map with name: clean") }
+	// url without name
+	if len(checkEnvironment("j", model.Job{Environment: map[string]any{"url": "https://x.com"}})) != 1 { t.Error("url no name: error") }
+	// invalid action
+	if len(checkEnvironment("j", model.Job{Environment: map[string]any{"name": "prod", "action": "badaction"}})) != 1 { t.Error("bad action: error") }
+	// valid action
+	if len(checkEnvironment("j", model.Job{Environment: map[string]any{"name": "prod", "action": "stop"}})) != 0 { t.Error("stop action: clean") }
+}
+
+// ── checkArtifacts ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckArtifacts(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkArtifacts("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	// non-map type: no-op
+	if len(checkArtifacts("j", model.Job{Artifacts: "string"})) != 0 { t.Error("string: clean") }
+	// valid when
+	if len(checkArtifacts("j", model.Job{Artifacts: map[string]any{"when": "on_failure"}})) != 0 { t.Error("valid when: clean") }
+	// invalid when
+	if len(checkArtifacts("j", model.Job{Artifacts: map[string]any{"when": "bad_when"}})) != 1 { t.Error("bad when: error") }
+	// expose_as without paths
+	if len(checkArtifacts("j", model.Job{Artifacts: map[string]any{"expose_as": "Coverage"}})) != 1 { t.Error("expose_as no paths: error") }
+	// expose_as with paths
+	if len(checkArtifacts("j", model.Job{Artifacts: map[string]any{"expose_as": "X", "paths": []any{"out/"}}})) != 0 { t.Error("expose_as with paths: clean") }
+	// pages job without public in paths
+	if len(checkArtifacts("pages", model.Job{Name: "pages", Artifacts: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"dist/"}}})) != 1 { t.Error("pages without public: warning") }
+	// pages job with public in paths
+	if len(checkArtifacts("pages", model.Job{Name: "pages", Artifacts: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"public"}}})) != 0 { t.Error("pages with public: clean") }
+	// pages job with pages: keyword set — GL033 check skipped
+	if len(checkArtifacts("pages", model.Job{Pages: map[string]any{}, Artifacts: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"dist/"}}})) != 0 { t.Error("pages with pages keyword: clean") }
+}
+
+// ── checkCache ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckCache(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkCache("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	// map form valid
+	if len(checkCache("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{"key": "abc"}})) != 0 { t.Error("map valid: clean") }
+	// map form invalid when
+	if len(checkCache("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{"when": "bad"}})) != 1 { t.Error("invalid when: error") }
+	// map form invalid policy
+	if len(checkCache("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{"policy": "bad_policy"}})) != 1 { t.Error("invalid policy: error") }
+	// slice form
+	if len(checkCache("j", model.Job{Cache: []any{
+		map[string]any{"when": "bad"},
+		map[string]any{"policy": "pull"},
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("slice with one bad: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkRules ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckRules(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkRules("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("no rules: clean") }
+	if len(checkRules("j", model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{{When: "on_success"}}})) != 0 { t.Error("valid when: clean") }
+	if len(checkRules("j", model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{{When: "bad_when"}}})) != 1 { t.Error("bad when: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkImage ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckImage(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkImage("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	if len(checkImage("j", model.Job{Image: "alpine"})) != 0 { t.Error("string: clean") }
+	if len(checkImage("j", model.Job{Image: map[string]any{"name": "alpine"}})) != 0 { t.Error("map with name: clean") }
+	if len(checkImage("j", model.Job{Image: map[string]any{"pull_policy": "always"}})) != 1 { t.Error("map without name: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkInherit ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckInherit(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkInherit("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	if len(checkInherit("j", model.Job{Inherit: "string"})) != 0 { t.Error("non-map: clean") }
+	if len(checkInherit("j", model.Job{Inherit: map[string]any{"default": true}})) != 0 { t.Error("bool: clean") }
+	if len(checkInherit("j", model.Job{Inherit: map[string]any{"default": []any{"image"}}})) != 0 { t.Error("list: clean") }
+	if len(checkInherit("j", model.Job{Inherit: map[string]any{"variables": "string"}})) != 1 { t.Error("invalid type: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkServices ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckServices(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkServices("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	if len(checkServices("j", model.Job{Services: []any{"postgres"}})) != 0 { t.Error("string: clean") }
+	if len(checkServices("j", model.Job{Services: []any{map[string]any{"name": "pg"}}})) != 0 { t.Error("valid map: clean") }
+	if len(checkServices("j", model.Job{Services: []any{map[string]any{"port": 5432}}})) != 1 { t.Error("no name: error") }
+	if len(checkServices("j", model.Job{Services: []any{map[string]any{"name": "pg", "alias": "invalid alias!"}}})) != 1 { t.Error("bad alias: error") }
+	if len(checkServices("j", model.Job{Services: []any{map[string]any{"name": "pg", "alias": "valid-alias"}}})) != 0 { t.Error("good alias: clean") }
+}
+
+// ── checkRulesGlobs ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckRulesGlobs(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkRulesGlobs("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("no rules: clean") }
+	// Relative path: clean
+	relRule := model.Rule{Changes: []any{"src/**/*.go"}}
+	if len(checkRulesGlobs("j", model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{relRule}})) != 0 { t.Error("relative: clean") }
+	// Absolute path: warning
+	absRule := model.Rule{Changes: []any{"/absolute/path"}}
+	if len(checkRulesGlobs("j", model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{absRule}})) != 1 { t.Error("absolute: warning") }
+	// Map form with paths
+	mapRule := model.Rule{Changes: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"/abs"}}}
+	if len(checkRulesGlobs("j", model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{mapRule}})) != 1 { t.Error("map absolute: warning") }
+	// exists
+	existsRule := model.Rule{Exists: []any{"/bad"}}
+	if len(checkRulesGlobs("j", model.Job{Rules: []model.Rule{existsRule}})) != 1 { t.Error("exists absolute: warning") }
+}
+
+// ── checkTimeout ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkTimeout("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("empty: clean") }
+	if len(checkTimeout("j", model.Job{Timeout: "1h 30m"})) != 0 { t.Error("valid: clean") }
+	if len(checkTimeout("j", model.Job{Timeout: "90 minutes"})) != 0 { t.Error("valid2: clean") }
+	if len(checkTimeout("j", model.Job{Timeout: "not-a-duration"})) != 1 { t.Error("invalid: error") }
+}
+
+func TestCheckDefaultTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkDefaultTimeout("", "f.yml")) != 0 { t.Error("empty: clean") }
+	if len(checkDefaultTimeout("2 hours", "f.yml")) != 0 { t.Error("valid: clean") }
+	if len(checkDefaultTimeout("bad", "f.yml")) != 1 { t.Error("invalid: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkIDTokens ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckIDTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkIDTokens("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	if len(checkIDTokens("j", model.Job{IDTokens: "string"})) != 0 { t.Error("non-map: clean") }
+	// valid token with aud
+	if len(checkIDTokens("j", model.Job{IDTokens: map[string]any{
+		"MY_TOKEN": map[string]any{"aud": "https://example.com"},
+	}})) != 0 { t.Error("valid: clean") }
+	// missing aud
+	if len(checkIDTokens("j", model.Job{IDTokens: map[string]any{
+		"MY_TOKEN": map[string]any{"other": "x"},
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("missing aud: error") }
+	// not a map
+	if len(checkIDTokens("j", model.Job{IDTokens: map[string]any{
+		"MY_TOKEN": "string",
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("token not a map: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkSecrets ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckSecrets(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkSecrets("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	if len(checkSecrets("j", model.Job{Secrets: "string"})) != 0 { t.Error("non-map: clean") }
+	// valid vault
+	if len(checkSecrets("j", model.Job{Secrets: map[string]any{
+		"MY_SECRET": map[string]any{"vault": map[string]any{"engine": map[string]any{"name": "kv", "path": "x"}, "path": "y", "field": "z"}},
+	}})) != 0 { t.Error("vault: clean") }
+	// missing provider
+	if len(checkSecrets("j", model.Job{Secrets: map[string]any{
+		"MY_SECRET": map[string]any{"other": "x"},
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("missing provider: error") }
+	// not a map
+	if len(checkSecrets("j", model.Job{Secrets: map[string]any{
+		"MY_SECRET": "string",
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("not a map: error") }
+}
+
+// ── checkPagesKeyword ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckPagesKeyword(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkPagesKeyword("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil pages: clean") }
+	// pages keyword but no artifacts
+	if len(checkPagesKeyword("j", model.Job{Pages: map[string]any{}})) != 1 { t.Error("no artifacts: warning") }
+	// pages keyword with artifacts but no paths
+	if len(checkPagesKeyword("j", model.Job{
+		Pages:     map[string]any{},
+		Artifacts: map[string]any{},
+	})) != 1 { t.Error("no paths: warning") }
+	// pages with public in paths
+	if len(checkPagesKeyword("j", model.Job{
+		Pages:     map[string]any{},
+		Artifacts: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"public"}},
+	})) != 0 { t.Error("public in paths: clean") }
+	// pages with custom publish dir and matching path
+	if len(checkPagesKeyword("j", model.Job{
+		Pages:     map[string]any{"publish": "dist"},
+		Artifacts: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"dist"}},
+	})) != 0 { t.Error("custom publish match: clean") }
+	// pages with custom publish dir missing from paths
+	if len(checkPagesKeyword("j", model.Job{
+		Pages:     map[string]any{"publish": "dist"},
+		Artifacts: map[string]any{"paths": []any{"public"}},
+	})) != 1 { t.Error("custom publish missing: warning") }
+	// artifacts is a non-map (unexpected)
+	if len(checkPagesKeyword("j", model.Job{
+		Pages:     map[string]any{},
+		Artifacts: "string",
+	})) != 0 { t.Error("non-map artifacts: clean") }
+}
+
+// ── checkCacheKeyFiles ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckCacheKeyFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	if len(checkCacheKeyFiles("j", model.Job{})) != 0 { t.Error("nil: clean") }
+	// valid key.files
+	if len(checkCacheKeyFiles("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{
+		"key": map[string]any{"files": []any{"Gemfile.lock"}},
+	}})) != 0 { t.Error("valid: clean") }
+	// glob pattern in key.files
+	if len(checkCacheKeyFiles("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{
+		"key": map[string]any{"files": []any{"*.lock"}},
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("glob: warning") }
+	// files is not a list
+	if len(checkCacheKeyFiles("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{
+		"key": map[string]any{"files": "Gemfile.lock"},
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("non-list: error") }
+	// no key
+	if len(checkCacheKeyFiles("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{}})) != 0 { t.Error("no key: clean") }
+	// key is not a map
+	if len(checkCacheKeyFiles("j", model.Job{Cache: map[string]any{"key": "string"}})) != 0 { t.Error("key string: clean") }
+	// slice cache form
+	if len(checkCacheKeyFiles("j", model.Job{Cache: []any{
+		map[string]any{"key": map[string]any{"files": []any{"*.lock"}}},
+	}})) != 1 { t.Error("slice cache with glob: warning") }
+}
+
+// ── linter.go level checks ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckStages(t *testing.T) {
+	// no stages → warning
+	p := &model.Pipeline{}
+	if len(checkStages(p)) != 1 { t.Error("no stages: warning") }
+	// with stages → clean
+	p2 := &model.Pipeline{Stages: []string{"build"}}
+	if len(checkStages(p2)) != 0 { t.Error("with stages: clean") }
+}
+
+func TestCheckDuplicateStages(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Stages: []string{"build", "test", "build"}}
+	if len(checkDuplicateStages(p)) != 1 { t.Error("duplicate: warning") }
+	p2 := &model.Pipeline{Stages: []string{"build", "test"}}
+	if len(checkDuplicateStages(p2)) != 0 { t.Error("no duplicate: clean") }
+}
+
+func TestCheckWorkflow(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Workflow: &model.Workflow{Rules: []model.Rule{{When: "always"}}}}
+	if len(checkWorkflow(p)) != 0 { t.Error("valid when: clean") }
+	p2 := &model.Pipeline{Workflow: &model.Workflow{Rules: []model.Rule{{When: "bad"}}}}
+	if len(checkWorkflow(p2)) != 1 { t.Error("invalid when: error") }
+	p3 := &model.Pipeline{}
+	if len(checkWorkflow(p3)) != 0 { t.Error("nil workflow: clean") }
+}
+
+func TestFindingString(t *testing.T) {
+	f := Finding{
+		Severity: Error,
+		Rule:     "GL001",
+		Job:      "build",
+		File:     "ci.yml",
+		Line:     10,
+		Message:  "missing script",
+	}
+	s := f.String()
+	if s == "" { t.Error("expected non-empty string") }
+
+	// Without file/line/job
+	f2 := Finding{Severity: Warning, Rule: "GL002", Message: "test"}
+	s2 := f2.String()
+	if s2 == "" { t.Error("expected non-empty string") }
+
+	// With file but no line
+	f3 := Finding{Severity: Error, Rule: "GL003", File: "ci.yml", Message: "x"}
+	if f3.String() == "" { t.Error("expected non-empty string") }
+}
+
+func TestScriptNonEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	if scriptNonEmpty(nil) { t.Error("nil") }
+	if scriptNonEmpty([]any{}) { t.Error("empty slice") }
+	if !scriptNonEmpty([]any{"echo"}) { t.Error("non-empty slice") }
+	if !scriptNonEmpty("echo") { t.Error("string") }
+	if scriptNonEmpty("") { t.Error("empty string") }
+}
+
+// ── checkNeeds ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckNeeds(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build", Script: []any{"make"}},
+			"test-job": {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test", Script: []any{"test"},
+				Needs: []any{"build-job"}},
+		},
+	}
+	if len(checkNeeds(p, nil)) != 0 { t.Error("valid needs: clean") }
+
+	// needs unknown job
+	p2 := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test", Needs: []any{"nonexistent"}},
+		},
+	}
+	if len(checkNeeds(p2, nil)) != 1 { t.Error("unknown needs: error") }
+
+	// optional: true for unknown job → warning not error
+	p3 := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test",
+				Needs: []any{map[string]any{"job": "ghost", "optional": true}}},
+		},
+	}
+	findings := checkNeeds(p3, nil)
+	if len(findings) != 1 || findings[0].Severity != Warning {
+		t.Error("optional unknown needs: warning")
+	}
+
+	// cross-pipeline need (ignored)
+	p4 := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {Name: "test-job",
+				Needs: []any{map[string]any{"pipeline": "other", "job": "j"}}},
+		},
+	}
+	if len(checkNeeds(p4, nil)) != 0 { t.Error("cross-pipeline: clean") }
+
+	// needs later stage → error
+	p5 := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build", Script: []any{"make"}},
+			"early-job": {Name: "early-job", Stage: "build",
+				Needs: []any{"build-job"}, Script: []any{"echo"}},
+			"test-job": {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test", Script: []any{"test"},
+				Needs: []any{"build-job"}}, // ok
+		},
+	}
+	// Only cross-stage ordering violations should be found
+	_ = checkNeeds(p5, nil)
+}
+
+func TestCheckNeeds_Cycle(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"a": {Name: "a", Needs: []any{"b"}},
+			"b": {Name: "b", Needs: []any{"a"}},
+		},
+	}
+	findings := checkNeeds(p, nil)
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Rule == RuleNeedsCycle { return }
+	}
+	t.Error("expected cycle detection finding")
+}
+
+// ── checkDependencies ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckDependencies(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build", Script: []any{"make"}},
+			"test-job": {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test", Script: []any{"test"},
+				Dependencies: []string{"build-job"}},
+		},
+	}
+	if len(checkDependencies(p, nil)) != 0 { t.Error("valid deps: clean") }
+
+	// unknown dep
+	p2 := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {Name: "test-job", Stage: "test", Dependencies: []string{"ghost"}},
+		},
+	}
+	if len(checkDependencies(p2, nil)) != 1 { t.Error("unknown dep: error") }
+
+	// dep in same or later stage → error
+	p3 := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job1": {Name: "test-job1", Stage: "test"},
+			"test-job2": {Name: "test-job2", Stage: "test", Dependencies: []string{"test-job1"}},
+		},
+	}
+	if len(checkDependencies(p3, nil)) != 1 { t.Error("same stage dep: error") }
+}
+
+func TestCheckDependencies_SkippedJob(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"skipped-job": {Name: "skipped-job", Stage: "test", Dependencies: []string{"ghost"}},
+		},
+	}
+	// Without skipping: reports unknown dependency.
+	if len(checkDependencies(p, nil)) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected GL030 without skipped set, got none")
+	}
+	// With job skipped: suppressed.
+	if len(checkDependencies(p, map[string]bool{"skipped-job": true})) != 0 {
+		t.Error("expected no findings for skipped job")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── checkCacheKeyFiles ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestCheckCacheKeyFiles_NoFilesKey(t *testing.T) {
+	// cache.key is a map but has no "files" key → continue (line 823-824).
+	job := model.Job{
+		Cache: map[string]any{
+			"key": map[string]any{"prefix": "v1"},
+		},
+	}
+	if got := checkCacheKeyFiles("j", job); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("key map without 'files': expected no findings, got %v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckCacheKeyFiles_FilesNotList(t *testing.T) {
+	// cache.key.files is a scalar (not a list) → error finding (line 827-834).
+	job := model.Job{
+		Cache: map[string]any{
+			"key": map[string]any{"files": "single-file.lock"},
+		},
+	}
+	got := checkCacheKeyFiles("j", job)
+	if len(got) == 0 {
+		t.Error("files as scalar: expected error finding")
+		return
+	}
+	if got[0].Rule != RuleInvalidCacheKeyFiles || got[0].Severity != Error {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected finding: %v", got[0])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckCacheKeyFiles_NonStringItem(t *testing.T) {
+	// cache.key.files list has a non-string item → skip it (line 838-839).
+	job := model.Job{
+		Cache: map[string]any{
+			"key": map[string]any{
+				"files": []any{42, "go.sum"},  // 42 is non-string, go.sum is valid
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	// 42 is skipped; "go.sum" has no glob chars → no findings.
+	if got := checkCacheKeyFiles("j", job); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("non-string item: expected no findings, got %v", got)
+	}
+}

internal/linter/linter.go

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package linter
 
 import (
+	"cmp"
 	"fmt"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
@@ -16,38 +18,69 @@ const (
 
 type Finding struct {
 	Severity Severity
+	Rule     string // stable rule ID, e.g. "GL003" — see rules.go
 	Job      string // empty for pipeline-level findings
 	File     string // source file where the finding originates
 	Line     int    // line number in File (0 = unknown)
+	Column   int    // column number in File (0 = unknown; 1-indexed)
 	Message  string
 }
 
 func (f Finding) String() string {
-	loc := ""
+	var loc string
 	if f.File != "" {
-		if f.Line > 0 {
-			loc = fmt.Sprintf(" (%s:%d)", f.File, f.Line)
-		} else {
-			loc = fmt.Sprintf(" (%s)", f.File)
+		switch {
+		case f.Line > 0 && f.Column > 0:
+			loc = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d:%d: ", f.File, f.Line, f.Column)
+		case f.Line > 0:
+			loc = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d: ", f.File, f.Line)
+		default:
+			loc = fmt.Sprintf("%s: ", f.File)
 		}
 	}
+
+	rule := ""
+	if f.Rule != "" {
+		rule = f.Rule + " "
+	}
+
+	sev := "[" + strings.ToLower(string(f.Severity)) + "]"
+
+	msg := f.Message
 	if f.Job != "" {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("[%s] job %q%s: %s", f.Severity, f.Job, loc, f.Message)
+		msg = fmt.Sprintf("job %q: %s", f.Job, f.Message)
 	}
-	if loc != "" {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("[%s]%s: %s", f.Severity, loc, f.Message)
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("[%s] %s", f.Severity, f.Message)
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s%s %s", loc, rule, sev, msg)
 }
 
-// Lint runs all rules against p and returns findings sorted by job name.
-func Lint(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+// Lint runs all rules against p and returns findings sorted by (File, Line, Rule).
+// Findings with no File (pipeline-level) sort before file-scoped ones.
+// skipped is an optional set of job names to exclude from cross-job checks
+// (needs:, dependencies:); pass nil to check all jobs.
+func Lint(p *model.Pipeline, skipped map[string]bool) []Finding {
 	var findings []Finding
 	findings = append(findings, checkStages(p)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkDuplicateStages(p)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkDefault(p)...)
 	findings = append(findings, checkWorkflow(p)...)
 	findings = append(findings, checkJobs(p)...)
-	findings = append(findings, checkNeeds(p)...)
-	findings = append(findings, checkDependencies(p)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkNeeds(p, skipped)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkRulesNeeds(p, skipped)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkDependencies(p, skipped)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkVariableRefs(p)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkRulesIfReachability(p)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkInheritCompleteness(p)...)
+	findings = append(findings, checkInsecureRemoteInclude(p)...)
+	slices.SortStableFunc(findings, func(a, b Finding) int {
+		if c := cmp.Compare(a.File, b.File); c != 0 {
+			return c
+		}
+		if c := cmp.Compare(a.Line, b.Line); c != 0 {
+			return c
+		}
+		return cmp.Compare(a.Rule, b.Rule)
+	})
 	return findings
 }
 
@@ -56,6 +89,7 @@ func checkStages(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 	if len(p.Stages) == 0 {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Warning,
+			Rule:     RuleNoStages,
 			File:     p.SourceFile,
 			Message:  "no stages defined; GitLab will use default stages (build, test, deploy)",
 		})
@@ -63,6 +97,32 @@ func checkStages(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 	return findings
 }
 
+// GL040: warn when a stage name appears more than once in stages:.
+func checkDuplicateStages(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+	seen := make(map[string]bool, len(p.Stages))
+	var findings []Finding
+	for _, s := range p.Stages {
+		if seen[s] {
+			findings = append(findings, Finding{
+				Severity: Warning,
+				Rule:     RuleDuplicateStage,
+				File:     p.SourceFile,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("stage %q appears more than once in 'stages'; GitLab silently merges duplicate stage entries", s),
+			})
+		}
+		seen[s] = true
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
+// checkDefault validates the pipeline-level default: block.
+func checkDefault(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+	if p.Default == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return checkDefaultTimeout(p.Default.Timeout, p.SourceFile)
+}
+
 func checkWorkflow(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 	if p.Workflow == nil {
 		return nil
@@ -72,6 +132,7 @@ func checkWorkflow(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 		if rule.When != "" && !validWorkflowRuleWhen[rule.When] {
 			findings = append(findings, Finding{
 				Severity: Error,
+				Rule:     RuleWorkflowWhen,
 				File:     p.SourceFile,
 				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("workflow.rules[%d].when has invalid value %q; valid: always, never", i, rule.When),
 			})
@@ -113,6 +174,7 @@ func checkJob(name string, job model.Job, stageSet map[string]bool) []Finding {
 		}
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: sev,
+			Rule:     RuleMissingScript,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "missing required field 'script' (or 'run')",
 		})
@@ -124,6 +186,7 @@ func checkJob(name string, job model.Job, stageSet map[string]bool) []Finding {
 	if job.Stage != "" && !strings.Contains(job.Stage, "$[[") && len(stageSet) > 0 && !stageSet[job.Stage] {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleUnknownStage,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("stage %q is not defined in 'stages'", job.Stage),
 		})
@@ -133,6 +196,7 @@ func checkJob(name string, job model.Job, stageSet map[string]bool) []Finding {
 	if job.Only != nil && len(job.Rules) > 0 {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleOnlyRulesConflict,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'only' and 'rules' cannot be used together",
 		})
@@ -142,6 +206,7 @@ func checkJob(name string, job model.Job, stageSet map[string]bool) []Finding {
 	if job.Except != nil && len(job.Rules) > 0 {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Error,
+			Rule:     RuleExceptRulesConflict,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'except' and 'rules' cannot be used together",
 		})
@@ -151,6 +216,7 @@ func checkJob(name string, job model.Job, stageSet map[string]bool) []Finding {
 	if job.Only != nil || job.Except != nil {
 		findings = append(findings, Finding{
 			Severity: Warning,
+			Rule:     RuleDeprecatedOnly,
 			Job:      name,
 			Message:  "'only'/'except' are deprecated; prefer 'rules'",
 		})
@@ -163,6 +229,7 @@ func checkJob(name string, job model.Job, stageSet map[string]bool) []Finding {
 		if findings[i].Job != "" && findings[i].File == "" {
 			findings[i].File = job.File
 			findings[i].Line = job.Line
+			findings[i].Column = job.Column
 		}
 	}
 	return findings

internal/linter/linter_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// TestCheckDefault exercises the non-nil default block code path.
+func TestCheckDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	// nil default → nil return (already covered implicitly; included for clarity)
+	if got := checkDefault(&model.Pipeline{}); got != nil {
+		t.Errorf("nil default: want nil findings, got %v", got)
+	}
+
+	// non-nil default with empty timeout → no findings
+	if got := checkDefault(&model.Pipeline{Default: &model.DefaultConfig{}}); got != nil {
+		t.Errorf("empty default: want no findings, got %v", got)
+	}
+
+	// non-nil default with invalid timeout → finding produced
+	findings := checkDefault(&model.Pipeline{Default: &model.DefaultConfig{Timeout: "bad-value"}})
+	if len(findings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("invalid timeout in default block should produce a finding")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckJob_MissingScript covers the error/warning paths for jobs without a
+// script field.
+func TestCheckJob_MissingScript(t *testing.T) {
+	stageSet := map[string]bool{"build": true}
+
+	// No script, no extends → Error.
+	findings := checkJob("my-job", model.Job{Stage: "build"}, stageSet)
+	var gotErr bool
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Rule == RuleMissingScript && f.Severity == Error {
+			gotErr = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotErr {
+		t.Error("job with no script and no extends: expected Error finding GL003")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckJob_ExtendsNoScript covers the Warning variant: a job that extends
+// a base template but has no script (the script may come from the base, which
+// could not be fetched).
+func TestCheckJob_ExtendsNoScript(t *testing.T) {
+	stageSet := map[string]bool{"build": true}
+	job := model.Job{Stage: "build", Extends: ".base-template"}
+	findings := checkJob("my-job", job, stageSet)
+	var gotWarn bool
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Rule == RuleMissingScript && f.Severity == Warning {
+			gotWarn = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotWarn {
+		t.Error("job with extends but no script: expected Warning finding GL003")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckJob_StageInputPlaceholder verifies that a stage value containing
+// "$[[" (a component input placeholder) skips the unknown-stage check.
+func TestCheckJob_StageInputPlaceholder(t *testing.T) {
+	stageSet := map[string]bool{"build": true}
+	job := model.Job{Stage: "$[[inputs.stage]]", Script: []any{"echo"}}
+	for _, f := range checkJob("my-job", job, stageSet) {
+		if f.Rule == RuleUnknownStage {
+			t.Error("stage with $[[ placeholder should not produce GL004")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckJob_OnlyAndRules covers the only+rules conflict (GL005).
+func TestCheckJob_OnlyAndRules(t *testing.T) {
+	stageSet := map[string]bool{"build": true}
+	job := model.Job{
+		Stage:  "build",
+		Script: []any{"echo"},
+		Only:   []any{"branches"},
+		Rules:  []model.Rule{{When: "on_success"}},
+	}
+	var gotConflict bool
+	for _, f := range checkJob("my-job", job, stageSet) {
+		if f.Rule == RuleOnlyRulesConflict {
+			gotConflict = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotConflict {
+		t.Error("only+rules: expected GL005 conflict finding")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckJob_ExceptAndRules covers the except+rules conflict (GL006).
+func TestCheckJob_ExceptAndRules(t *testing.T) {
+	stageSet := map[string]bool{"build": true}
+	job := model.Job{
+		Stage:  "build",
+		Script: []any{"echo"},
+		Except: []any{"tags"},
+		Rules:  []model.Rule{{When: "on_success"}},
+	}
+	var gotConflict bool
+	for _, f := range checkJob("my-job", job, stageSet) {
+		if f.Rule == RuleExceptRulesConflict {
+			gotConflict = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotConflict {
+		t.Error("except+rules: expected GL006 conflict finding")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckJob_RunField verifies that a job with a 'run:' block (instead of
+// 'script:') is not flagged for missing script.
+func TestCheckJob_RunField(t *testing.T) {
+	stageSet := map[string]bool{"build": true}
+	job := model.Job{Stage: "build", Run: map[string]any{"steps": []any{"echo hi"}}}
+	for _, f := range checkJob("my-job", job, stageSet) {
+		if f.Rule == RuleMissingScript {
+			t.Error("job with run: should not produce GL003 (missing script)")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckJob_UnknownStage verifies that a job with a declared stage value that
+// is not in the stageSet produces a GL004 finding (line 178-185).
+func TestCheckJob_UnknownStage(t *testing.T) {
+	stageSet := map[string]bool{"build": true, "test": true}
+	job := model.Job{Stage: "unknown-stage", Script: []any{"echo"}}
+	var gotGL004 bool
+	for _, f := range checkJob("my-job", job, stageSet) {
+		if f.Rule == RuleUnknownStage {
+			gotGL004 = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotGL004 {
+		t.Error("job with undeclared stage: expected GL004 finding")
+	}
+}

internal/linter/needs.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ type needEntry struct {
 	optional bool // true when the needs entry carries optional: true
 }
 
-func checkNeeds(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+func checkNeeds(p *model.Pipeline, skipped map[string]bool) []Finding {
 	var findings []Finding
 
 	// Build a stage-index map for ordering checks.
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ func checkNeeds(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 	needsGraph := make(map[string][]string)
 
 	for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+		if skipped[name] {
+			continue
+		}
 		if len(job.Needs) == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -46,9 +49,11 @@ func checkNeeds(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 				}
 				findings = append(findings, Finding{
 					Severity: sev,
+					Rule:     RuleNeedsUnknown,
 					Job:      name,
 					File:     job.File,
 					Line:     job.Line,
+					Column:   job.Column,
 					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("needs unknown job %q", entry.job),
 				})
 				continue
@@ -63,9 +68,11 @@ func checkNeeds(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 				if neededHasStage && neededStageIdx > jobStageIdx {
 					findings = append(findings, Finding{
 						Severity: Error,
+						Rule:     RuleNeedsStageOrder,
 						Job:      name,
 						File:     job.File,
 						Line:     job.Line,
+						Column:   job.Column,
 						Message: fmt.Sprintf(
 							"needs %q which is in a later stage (%q after %q)",
 							entry.job, neededJob.Stage, job.Stage,
@@ -80,6 +87,45 @@ func checkNeeds(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
 	return findings
 }
 
+// checkRulesNeeds validates rules:needs: entries across all jobs. Each entry
+// in a rule's needs: list must reference a job that exists in the pipeline.
+// Cross-pipeline needs (maps with a "pipeline" key) are ignored. Skipped jobs
+// are excluded from checking (same semantics as top-level needs: via GL027).
+func checkRulesNeeds(p *model.Pipeline, skipped map[string]bool) []Finding {
+	var findings []Finding
+	for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+		if skipped[name] {
+			continue
+		}
+		for i, rule := range job.Rules {
+			if len(rule.Needs) == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+			for _, entry := range parseNeedEntries(rule.Needs) {
+				if _, exists := p.Jobs[entry.job]; !exists {
+					sev := Error
+					if entry.optional {
+						sev = Warning
+					}
+					findings = append(findings, Finding{
+						Severity: sev,
+						Rule:     RuleRulesNeedsUnknown,
+						Job:      name,
+						File:     job.File,
+						Line:     job.Line,
+						Column:   job.Column,
+						Message: fmt.Sprintf(
+							"rules[%d].needs: references unknown job %q",
+							i, entry.job,
+						),
+					})
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return findings
+}
+
 // parseNeedEntries extracts needs entries from a needs: list, preserving the
 // optional flag. Each element is a plain string (job name) or a map with a
 // "job" key. Cross-pipeline needs (maps with a "pipeline" key) are skipped.
@@ -124,9 +170,11 @@ func detectNeedsCycles(graph map[string][]string, jobs map[string]model.Job) []F
 				j := jobs[name]
 				findings = append(findings, Finding{
 					Severity: Error,
+					Rule:     RuleNeedsCycle,
 					Job:      name,
 					File:     j.File,
 					Line:     j.Line,
+					Column:   j.Column,
 					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("circular dependency in needs: %v → %s", path, name),
 				})
 			}

internal/linter/needs_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// TestCheckNeeds_SkippedJob verifies that a skipped job's needs: violations are suppressed.
+func TestCheckNeeds_SkippedJob(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "deploy"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"skipped-job": {
+				Name:   "skipped-job",
+				Stage:  "build",
+				Script: []any{"echo"},
+				Needs:  []any{"nonexistent-job"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	// Without skipping: should report unknown needs.
+	withoutSkip := checkNeeds(p, nil)
+	if len(withoutSkip) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected GL027 without skipped set, got none")
+	}
+	// With job skipped: no findings.
+	withSkip := checkNeeds(p, map[string]bool{"skipped-job": true})
+	if len(withSkip) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected no findings for skipped job, got %v", withSkip)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckRulesNeeds_UnknownJob verifies that an unknown job in rules:needs: produces GL044.
+func TestCheckRulesNeeds_UnknownJob(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {
+				Name:   "build-job",
+				Stage:  "build",
+				Script: []any{"make"},
+			},
+			"test-job": {
+				Name:   "test-job",
+				Stage:  "test",
+				Script: []any{"make test"},
+				Rules: []model.Rule{
+					{
+						If:    `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`,
+						Needs: []any{"build-job", "nonexistent"},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	findings := checkRulesNeeds(p, nil)
+	var got bool
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Rule == RuleRulesNeedsUnknown && f.Severity == Error {
+			got = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !got {
+		t.Errorf("expected GL044 error for unknown rules:needs: job; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckRulesNeeds_KnownJob verifies no finding when all rules:needs: jobs exist.
+func TestCheckRulesNeeds_KnownJob(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {Name: "build-job", Stage: "build", Script: []any{"make"}},
+			"test-job": {
+				Name:   "test-job",
+				Stage:  "test",
+				Script: []any{"make test"},
+				Rules:  []model.Rule{{Needs: []any{"build-job"}}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	if findings := checkRulesNeeds(p, nil); len(findings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected no findings for valid rules:needs:; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckRulesNeeds_Optional verifies that optional: true downgrades to Warning.
+func TestCheckRulesNeeds_Optional(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {
+				Name:   "test-job",
+				Script: []any{"make test"},
+				Rules: []model.Rule{
+					{Needs: []any{map[string]any{"job": "ghost", "optional": true}}},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	findings := checkRulesNeeds(p, nil)
+	if len(findings) != 1 || findings[0].Severity != Warning {
+		t.Errorf("optional unknown rules:needs: should produce Warning; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckRulesNeeds_CrossPipeline verifies that cross-pipeline needs are ignored.
+func TestCheckRulesNeeds_CrossPipeline(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {
+				Name:   "test-job",
+				Script: []any{"make test"},
+				Rules: []model.Rule{
+					{Needs: []any{map[string]any{"pipeline": "other", "job": "j"}}},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	if findings := checkRulesNeeds(p, nil); len(findings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("cross-pipeline rules:needs: should be ignored; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckRulesNeeds_SkippedJob verifies that a skipped job's rules:needs: violations are suppressed.
+func TestCheckRulesNeeds_SkippedJob(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {
+				Name:   "test-job",
+				Script: []any{"make test"},
+				Rules:  []model.Rule{{Needs: []any{"nonexistent"}}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	if findings := checkRulesNeeds(p, map[string]bool{"test-job": true}); len(findings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("skipped job: expected no findings; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckRulesNeeds_NoNeeds verifies no findings when rules have no needs: override.
+func TestCheckRulesNeeds_NoNeeds(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"test-job": {
+				Name:   "test-job",
+				Script: []any{"make test"},
+				Rules:  []model.Rule{{When: "on_success"}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	if findings := checkRulesNeeds(p, nil); len(findings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("rules without needs: should produce no findings; got %v", findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckNeeds_StageOrder verifies that a job needing a job in a later stage
+// produces RuleNeedsStageOrder (line 64-76 in needs.go).
+func TestCheckNeeds_StageOrder(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages: []string{"build", "test", "deploy"},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+			"build-job": {
+				Name:   "build-job",
+				Stage:  "build",
+				Script: []any{"make"},
+				Needs:  []any{"deploy-job"},
+			},
+			"deploy-job": {
+				Name:   "deploy-job",
+				Stage:  "deploy",
+				Script: []any{"make deploy"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	findings := checkNeeds(p, nil)
+	var gotStageOrder bool
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Rule == RuleNeedsStageOrder {
+			gotStageOrder = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotStageOrder {
+		t.Errorf("build-job needing deploy-job (later stage): expected GL025 finding; got: %v", findings)
+	}
+}

internal/linter/rules.go

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package linter
+
+// Rule ID constants. Each ID is stable across versions and uniquely identifies
+// one lint check. Use these when filtering output, writing suppression rules,
+// or referencing a check in documentation.
+//
+// Prefix GL = Glint / GitLab CI lint.
+// Numbering is sequential by category; gaps may appear as rules are added.
+const (
+	// ── Pipeline-level ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+	// GL001: no stages: block defined; GitLab falls back to default stages.
+	RuleNoStages = "GL001"
+
+	// GL002: workflow.rules[n].when has an invalid value (only always/never allowed).
+	RuleWorkflowWhen = "GL002"
+
+	// ── Job structure ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+	// GL003: job is missing a required script: (or run:) field.
+	RuleMissingScript = "GL003"
+
+	// GL004: job references a stage not declared in stages:.
+	RuleUnknownStage = "GL004"
+
+	// GL005: only: and rules: used together on the same job.
+	RuleOnlyRulesConflict = "GL005"
+
+	// GL006: except: and rules: used together on the same job.
+	RuleExceptRulesConflict = "GL006"
+
+	// GL007: only:/except: used (deprecated; prefer rules:).
+	RuleDeprecatedOnly = "GL007"
+
+	// ── Keyword constraints ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+	// GL008: when: has an invalid value.
+	RuleInvalidWhen = "GL008"
+
+	// GL009: when: delayed without start_in:.
+	RuleDelayedNoStartIn = "GL009"
+
+	// GL010: start_in: set when when: is not delayed.
+	RuleStartInNoDelayed = "GL010"
+
+	// GL011: parallel: value is invalid (integer out of range or map missing matrix:).
+	RuleInvalidParallel = "GL011"
+
+	// GL012: retry: integer is out of range 0–2, or retry: is neither int nor map.
+	RuleInvalidRetry = "GL012"
+
+	// GL013: retry.when: contains an unrecognised failure type.
+	RuleInvalidRetryWhen = "GL013"
+
+	// GL014: allow_failure: is not a boolean or a map with exit_codes:.
+	RuleInvalidAllowFailure = "GL014"
+
+	// GL015: interruptible: is not a boolean.
+	RuleInvalidInterruptible = "GL015"
+
+	// GL016: trigger: job also defines script: (mutually exclusive).
+	RuleTriggerWithScript = "GL016"
+
+	// GL017: trigger: map does not specify project: or include:.
+	RuleInvalidTrigger = "GL017"
+
+	// GL018: coverage: is not a regex pattern wrapped in /.
+	RuleInvalidCoverage = "GL018"
+
+	// GL019: release: is missing required tag_name:, or is not a map.
+	RuleInvalidRelease = "GL019"
+
+	// GL020: environment: has an invalid url/action configuration.
+	RuleInvalidEnvironment = "GL020"
+
+	// GL021: artifacts: has an invalid when/expose_as configuration.
+	RuleInvalidArtifacts = "GL021"
+
+	// GL022: pages job artifacts.paths does not include public/.
+	RulePagesPublic = "GL022"
+
+	// GL023: cache: has an invalid when/policy value.
+	RuleInvalidCache = "GL023"
+
+	// GL024: rules[n].when has an invalid value.
+	RuleInvalidRulesWhen = "GL024"
+
+	// GL025: image: map form is missing a name: key.
+	RuleInvalidImage = "GL025"
+
+	// GL026: inherit.default or inherit.variables is not a boolean or list.
+	RuleInvalidInherit = "GL026"
+
+	// ── Cross-job graph ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+	// GL027: needs: references a job that does not exist in the pipeline.
+	RuleNeedsUnknown = "GL027"
+
+	// GL028: needs: references a job in a later stage than the current job.
+	RuleNeedsStageOrder = "GL028"
+
+	// GL029: circular dependency detected in the needs: graph.
+	RuleNeedsCycle = "GL029"
+
+	// GL030: dependencies: references a job that does not exist.
+	RuleUnknownDependency = "GL030"
+
+	// GL031: dependencies: references a job in the same or a later stage.
+	RuleDependencyStage = "GL031"
+
+	// ── Expression validation ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+	// GL032: rules:if: references a variable not declared in pipeline variables:,
+	// the job's own variables:, or any workflow:rules:variables: block.
+	// May be a false positive for variables set in GitLab CI/CD project settings.
+	RuleUndeclaredVariable = "GL032"
+
+	// GL033: every rule in a job's rules: block has when: never, so the job
+	// can never be included in any pipeline run.
+	RuleDeadRules = "GL033"
+
+	// GL034: services: map form is missing 'name', or 'alias' is not a valid DNS label.
+	RuleInvalidService = "GL034"
+
+	// GL035: rules:changes or rules:exists contains an absolute path (starts with /);
+	// GitLab CI paths are relative to the repository root and absolute paths never match.
+	RuleAbsoluteGlobPath = "GL035"
+
+	// GL036: timeout: is not a valid GitLab CI duration string (e.g. '1h 30m', '90 minutes').
+	RuleInvalidTimeout = "GL036"
+
+	// GL037: id_tokens: entry is missing the required 'aud' key.
+	RuleInvalidIDToken = "GL037"
+
+	// GL038: secrets: entry is missing a provider key (vault, gcp_secret_manager, or azure_key_vault).
+	RuleInvalidSecret = "GL038"
+
+	// GL039: a job has the pages: keyword but artifacts.paths does not include the publish directory.
+	RulePagesPublish = "GL039"
+
+	// GL040: a stage name appears more than once in stages:; GitLab silently merges duplicates.
+	RuleDuplicateStage = "GL040"
+
+	// GL041: cache.key.files contains a glob pattern; it must be a list of exact file paths.
+	RuleInvalidCacheKeyFiles = "GL041"
+
+	// GL042: every rules:if: condition in a job's rules: block evaluates to false
+	// given the values of variables declared in the pipeline YAML, so the job can
+	// never be active. Only fires when all referenced variables are declared
+	// (predefined CI_* / GITLAB_* vars are not evaluated to avoid false positives).
+	RuleStaticDeadRules = "GL042"
+
+	// GL043: a job declares 'inherit: default:' (true, false, or list) but the
+	// pipeline has no 'default:' block, making the declaration a no-op. Also fires
+	// when 'inherit: default: [list]' names fields not set in the default: block.
+	RuleInheritNoDefault = "GL043"
+
+	// GL044: a rules:needs: entry references a job that does not exist in the pipeline.
+	// rules:needs: overrides the top-level needs: when a specific rule matches (GitLab CI 16.4+).
+	RuleRulesNeedsUnknown = "GL044"
+
+	// GL045: an include: remote: entry uses plain HTTP instead of HTTPS.
+	// CI templates fetched over HTTP are transmitted in cleartext and can be
+	// intercepted or modified in transit.
+	RuleInsecureRemoteInclude = "GL045"
+)

internal/linter/samba_test.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 // pipeline that is valid on GitLab) produces no Error findings.
 // These files exercise local include resolution and multi-level extends chains.
 func TestSambaCI(t *testing.T) {
-	entryPoint := "../../samba-testdata/.gitlab-ci.yml"
+	entryPoint := "../../testdata/samba/.gitlab-ci.yml"
 
 	p, err := model.Parse(entryPoint)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func TestSambaCI(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Logf("extends warning: job %q extends unknown %q", w.Job, w.Base)
 	}
 
-	findings := linter.Lint(p)
+	findings := linter.Lint(p, nil)
 
 	for _, f := range findings {
 		if f.Severity == linter.Error {
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ func TestSambaCIEntryFiles(t *testing.T) {
 		name string
 		path string
 	}{
-		{"default", "../../samba-testdata/.gitlab-ci.yml"},
-		{"coverage", "../../samba-testdata/.gitlab-ci-coverage.yml"},
-		{"private", "../../samba-testdata/.gitlab-ci-private.yml"},
+		{"default", "../../testdata/samba/.gitlab-ci.yml"},
+		{"coverage", "../../testdata/samba/.gitlab-ci-coverage.yml"},
+		{"private", "../../testdata/samba/.gitlab-ci-private.yml"},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range entryPoints {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func TestSambaCIEntryFiles(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Logf("extends warning: job %q extends unknown %q", w.Job, w.Base)
 			}
 
-			findings := linter.Lint(p)
+			findings := linter.Lint(p, nil)
 			for _, f := range findings {
 				if f.Severity == linter.Error {
 					t.Errorf("unexpected error finding: %s", f)

internal/linter/variables.go

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// predefinedVarPrefixes lists GitLab-maintained variable namespaces that are
+// always available without an explicit declaration in variables: blocks.
+var predefinedVarPrefixes = []string{
+	"CI_",      // most predefined CI variables (CI_COMMIT_BRANCH, CI_JOB_ID, …)
+	"GITLAB_",  // user/project metadata (GITLAB_USER_ID, GITLAB_FEATURES, …)
+	"FF_",      // GitLab feature flags
+	"RUNNER_",  // runner-level variables
+	"TRIGGER_", // trigger token variables passed from upstream pipelines
+	"CHAT_",    // ChatOps variables
+}
+
+func isPredefinedVar(name string) bool {
+	for _, prefix := range predefinedVarPrefixes {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(name, prefix) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// extractIfVars returns every variable name referenced in a rules:if: expression.
+// String literals are skipped so that dollar signs inside quoted values are
+// not mistaken for variable references.
+func extractIfVars(expr string) []string {
+	var names []string
+	i := 0
+	for i < len(expr) {
+		switch expr[i] {
+		case '"', '\'':
+			quote := expr[i]
+			i++
+			for i < len(expr) && expr[i] != quote {
+				if expr[i] == '\\' {
+					i++ // skip escaped character
+				}
+				i++
+			}
+			if i < len(expr) {
+				i++ // consume closing quote
+			}
+		case '$':
+			i++ // consume '$'
+			if i < len(expr) && expr[i] == '{' {
+				i++ // consume '{'
+				start := i
+				for i < len(expr) && isVarNameByte(expr[i]) {
+					i++
+				}
+				if i < len(expr) && expr[i] == '}' && i > start {
+					names = append(names, expr[start:i])
+					i++ // consume '}'
+				}
+			} else {
+				start := i
+				for i < len(expr) && isVarNameByte(expr[i]) {
+					i++
+				}
+				if i > start {
+					names = append(names, expr[start:i])
+				}
+			}
+		default:
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+func isVarNameByte(b byte) bool {
+	return (b >= 'a' && b <= 'z') || (b >= 'A' && b <= 'Z') || (b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '_'
+}
+
+// checkVariableRefs warns when a rules:if: expression references a variable that
+// is not declared in pipeline variables:, the job's own variables:, or any
+// workflow:rules:variables: block. Predefined GitLab CI variables (CI_*, GITLAB_*,
+// …) are always exempt. Variables set in GitLab CI/CD project settings are
+// invisible to glint, so the finding is a WARNING rather than an error.
+func checkVariableRefs(p *model.Pipeline) []Finding {
+	pipelineVars := make(map[string]bool, len(p.Variables))
+	for k := range p.Variables {
+		pipelineVars[k] = true
+	}
+
+	// Union of all variables any workflow rule might inject into the context.
+	workflowRuleVars := make(map[string]bool)
+	if p.Workflow != nil {
+		for _, rule := range p.Workflow.Rules {
+			for k := range rule.Variables {
+				workflowRuleVars[k] = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	var findings []Finding
+
+	// Check workflow rules:if: expressions.
+	if p.Workflow != nil {
+		seen := make(map[string]bool)
+		for i, rule := range p.Workflow.Rules {
+			if rule.If == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			for _, varName := range extractIfVars(rule.If) {
+				if isPredefinedVar(varName) || pipelineVars[varName] || seen[varName] {
+					continue
+				}
+				seen[varName] = true
+				findings = append(findings, Finding{
+					Severity: Warning,
+					Rule:     RuleUndeclaredVariable,
+					File:     p.SourceFile,
+					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("workflow.rules[%d].if: $%s is not declared in pipeline variables:", i, varName),
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check each job's rules:if: expressions.
+	for name, job := range p.Jobs {
+		jobVars := make(map[string]bool, len(job.Variables))
+		for k := range job.Variables {
+			jobVars[k] = true
+		}
+
+		// Deduplicate per (job, varName): report each undeclared variable once per job.
+		seen := make(map[string]bool)
+		for i, rule := range job.Rules {
+			if rule.If == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			for _, varName := range extractIfVars(rule.If) {
+				if isPredefinedVar(varName) || pipelineVars[varName] || jobVars[varName] || workflowRuleVars[varName] || seen[varName] {
+					continue
+				}
+				seen[varName] = true
+				findings = append(findings, Finding{
+					Severity: Warning,
+					Rule:     RuleUndeclaredVariable,
+					Job:      name,
+					File:     job.File,
+					Line:     job.Line,
+					Column:   job.Column,
+					Message:  fmt.Sprintf("rules[%d].if: $%s is not declared in pipeline or job variables:", i, varName),
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return findings
+}

internal/linter/variables_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+package linter
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestExtractIfVars(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		expr string
+		want []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "simple variable",
+			expr: `$MY_VAR == "value"`,
+			want: []string{"MY_VAR"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "curly brace syntax",
+			expr: `${MY_VAR} != null`,
+			want: []string{"MY_VAR"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "multiple variables",
+			expr: `$BRANCH == "main" && $DEPLOY_ENV == "prod"`,
+			want: []string{"BRANCH", "DEPLOY_ENV"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "dollar sign inside string literal is skipped",
+			expr: `$REAL_VAR == "$not_a_var"`,
+			want: []string{"REAL_VAR"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no variables",
+			expr: `"main" == "main"`,
+			want: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "regex rhs variable",
+			expr: `$BRANCH =~ $PATTERN`,
+			want: []string{"BRANCH", "PATTERN"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "multiline expression",
+			expr: "$BRANCH == \"main\" ||\n$BRANCH == \"develop\"",
+			want: []string{"BRANCH", "BRANCH"},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := extractIfVars(tc.expr)
+			if len(got) != len(tc.want) {
+				t.Fatalf("extractIfVars(%q) = %v, want %v", tc.expr, got, tc.want)
+			}
+			for i, v := range got {
+				if v != tc.want[i] {
+					t.Errorf("[%d] got %q, want %q", i, v, tc.want[i])
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsPredefinedVar(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		input string
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{"CI_COMMIT_BRANCH", true},
+		{"CI_JOB_TOKEN", true},
+		{"GITLAB_USER_ID", true},
+		{"GITLAB_FEATURES", true},
+		{"FF_SOME_FLAG", true},
+		{"RUNNER_ID", true},
+		{"TRIGGER_PAYLOAD", true},
+		{"CHAT_INPUT", true},
+		{"MY_CUSTOM_VAR", false},
+		{"DEPLOY_ENV", false},
+		{"FEATURE_ENABLED", false},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.input, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := isPredefinedVar(tc.input); got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("isPredefinedVar(%q) = %v, want %v", tc.input, got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckVariableRefs(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name         string
+		pipeline     *model.Pipeline
+		wantWarnings int
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "declared pipeline variable — no warning",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Variables: map[string]any{"MY_VAR": "value"},
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {Rules: []model.Rule{{If: `$MY_VAR == "value"`}}},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "predefined CI variable — no warning",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {Rules: []model.Rule{{If: `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`}}},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "undeclared variable — one warning",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {Rules: []model.Rule{{If: `$UNDEFINED_VAR == "yes"`}}},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "same undeclared var in multiple rules — one warning per job",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {
+						Rules: []model.Rule{
+							{If: `$UNDEFINED_VAR == "yes"`},
+							{If: `$UNDEFINED_VAR == "no"`},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "job-level variable — no warning",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {
+						Variables: map[string]any{"LOCAL_VAR": "value"},
+						Rules:     []model.Rule{{If: `$LOCAL_VAR == "value"`}},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "workflow rule variable available to job rules — no warning",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Workflow: &model.Workflow{
+					Rules: []model.Rule{
+						{
+							If:        `$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"`,
+							Variables: map[string]any{"DEPLOY_ENV": "production"},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {Rules: []model.Rule{{If: `$DEPLOY_ENV == "production"`}}},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "undeclared variable in workflow rules:if",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Workflow: &model.Workflow{
+					Rules: []model.Rule{{If: `$UNDECLARED == "main"`}},
+				},
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "two jobs each with a different undeclared variable — two warnings",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {Rules: []model.Rule{{If: `$UNDEF_A == "x"`}}},
+					"job-b": {Rules: []model.Rule{{If: `$UNDEF_B == "y"`}}},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 2,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no rules — no warnings",
+			pipeline: &model.Pipeline{
+				Jobs: map[string]model.Job{
+					"job-a": {Script: "echo ok"},
+				},
+			},
+			wantWarnings: 0,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			findings := checkVariableRefs(tc.pipeline)
+			count := 0
+			for _, f := range findings {
+				if f.Severity == Warning && f.Rule == RuleUndeclaredVariable {
+					count++
+				}
+			}
+			if count != tc.wantWarnings {
+				t.Errorf("got %d GL032 warnings, want %d; findings: %v", count, tc.wantWarnings, findings)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCheckVariableRefs_WorkflowRuleEmptyIf covers the `if rule.If == ""` early
+// continue at variables.go line 109-110 (workflow rule with no if: expression).
+func TestCheckVariableRefs_WorkflowRuleEmptyIf(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Workflow: &model.Workflow{
+			Rules: []model.Rule{
+				{When: "always"},              // no If → triggers the continue
+				{If: `$UNDECLARED == "yes"`},  // undeclared → warning
+			},
+		},
+		Jobs: map[string]model.Job{},
+	}
+	findings := checkVariableRefs(p)
+	count := 0
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		if f.Rule == RuleUndeclaredVariable {
+			count++
+		}
+	}
+	if count != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 1 GL032 warning for UNDECLARED, got %d; findings: %v", count, findings)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestExtractIfVars_StringEscape covers the backslash-escape branch (line 42-44)
+// in extractIfVars when scanning a quoted string literal.
+func TestExtractIfVars_StringEscape(t *testing.T) {
+	// `$BRANCH == "de\velop"` — the `\v` inside the string literal triggers the
+	// escape-character skip in the scanning loop.
+	got := extractIfVars(`$BRANCH == "de\velop"`)
+	if len(got) != 1 || got[0] != "BRANCH" {
+		t.Errorf("extractIfVars with escape in string: got %v, want [BRANCH]", got)
+	}
+}

internal/lsp/server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+package lsp
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/linter"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/resolver"
+)
+
+// Server is a minimal Language Server Protocol server that publishes glint
+// diagnostics for .gitlab-ci.yml files opened in an editor.
+//
+// Transport: JSON-RPC 2.0 over stdin/stdout with Content-Length framing.
+// Sync mode: Full — the client sends the complete document text on every change.
+type Server struct {
+	in      *bufio.Reader
+	out     io.Writer
+	cfg     fetcher.GitLabConfig
+	version string
+	docs    map[string]string // uri → current document text
+
+	// Exit is called with the process exit code when the LSP client sends the
+	// "exit" notification. Defaults to os.Exit; replace in tests.
+	Exit func(int)
+
+	shutdownReceived bool
+}
+
+// New creates a Server reading from r and writing to w.
+func New(r io.Reader, w io.Writer, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, version string) *Server {
+	return &Server{
+		in:      bufio.NewReader(r),
+		out:     w,
+		cfg:     cfg,
+		version: version,
+		docs:    make(map[string]string),
+		Exit:    os.Exit,
+	}
+}
+
+// Run processes LSP messages until the connection closes or a fatal error occurs.
+// It returns nil on a clean EOF (client disconnected) and a non-nil error for
+// unrecoverable protocol failures.
+func (s *Server) Run() error {
+	for {
+		msg, err := s.readMessage()
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("reading LSP message: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := s.dispatch(msg); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// maxLSPMessageBytes caps the body size accepted from an LSP client.
+// A legitimate editor message is never this large; enforcing the cap prevents
+// a crafted Content-Length from triggering a multi-gigabyte allocation.
+const maxLSPMessageBytes = 64 << 20 // 64 MiB
+
+// readMessage reads one Content-Length–framed JSON-RPC message from the stream.
+func (s *Server) readMessage() (*Message, error) {
+	var contentLength int
+	for {
+		line, err := s.in.ReadString('\n')
+		if err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF && line == "" {
+				return nil, io.EOF
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		line = strings.TrimRight(line, "\r\n")
+		if line == "" {
+			break // blank line separates headers from body
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "Content-Length: ") {
+			n, parseErr := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimPrefix(line, "Content-Length: "))
+			if parseErr != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid Content-Length: %w", parseErr)
+			}
+			contentLength = n
+		}
+	}
+	if contentLength == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing or zero Content-Length header")
+	}
+	if contentLength > maxLSPMessageBytes {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Content-Length %d exceeds maximum %d", contentLength, maxLSPMessageBytes)
+	}
+
+	body := make([]byte, contentLength)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(s.in, body); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("reading message body: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var msg Message
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &msg); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unmarshalling message: %w", err)
+	}
+	return &msg, nil
+}
+
+// writeMessage encodes v as JSON and sends it with a Content-Length header.
+func (s *Server) writeMessage(v any) error {
+	body, err := json.Marshal(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	header := fmt.Sprintf("Content-Length: %d\r\n\r\n", len(body))
+	if _, err := io.WriteString(s.out, header); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, err = s.out.Write(body)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (s *Server) respond(id json.RawMessage, result any) error {
+	raw, err := json.Marshal(result)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.writeMessage(struct {
+		JSONRPC string          `json:"jsonrpc"`
+		ID      json.RawMessage `json:"id"`
+		Result  json.RawMessage `json:"result"`
+	}{"2.0", id, raw})
+}
+
+func (s *Server) respondError(id json.RawMessage, code int, message string) error {
+	return s.writeMessage(struct {
+		JSONRPC string          `json:"jsonrpc"`
+		ID      json.RawMessage `json:"id"`
+		Error   RPCError        `json:"error"`
+	}{"2.0", id, RPCError{Code: code, Message: message}})
+}
+
+func (s *Server) notify(method string, params any) error {
+	raw, err := json.Marshal(params)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.writeMessage(struct {
+		JSONRPC string          `json:"jsonrpc"`
+		Method  string          `json:"method"`
+		Params  json.RawMessage `json:"params"`
+	}{"2.0", method, raw})
+}
+
+// isRequest reports whether msg is a JSON-RPC request (has a non-null id).
+func isRequest(msg *Message) bool {
+	return len(msg.ID) > 0 && string(msg.ID) != "null"
+}
+
+func (s *Server) dispatch(msg *Message) error {
+	switch msg.Method {
+	case "initialize":
+		return s.handleInitialize(msg)
+	case "initialized":
+		return nil // notification; no response required
+	case "shutdown":
+		s.shutdownReceived = true
+		if isRequest(msg) {
+			return s.respond(msg.ID, nil)
+		}
+		return nil
+	case "exit":
+		code := 1
+		if s.shutdownReceived {
+			code = 0
+		}
+		s.Exit(code)
+		return nil
+	case "textDocument/didOpen":
+		return s.handleDidOpen(msg)
+	case "textDocument/didChange":
+		return s.handleDidChange(msg)
+	case "textDocument/didSave":
+		return s.handleDidSave(msg)
+	case "textDocument/didClose":
+		return s.handleDidClose(msg)
+	default:
+		if isRequest(msg) {
+			return s.respondError(msg.ID, -32601, "method not found: "+msg.Method)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Server) handleInitialize(msg *Message) error {
+	return s.respond(msg.ID, InitializeResult{
+		Capabilities: ServerCapabilities{TextDocumentSync: 1},
+		ServerInfo:   &ServerInfo{Name: "glint", Version: s.version},
+	})
+}
+
+func (s *Server) handleDidOpen(msg *Message) error {
+	var p DidOpenTextDocumentParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(msg.Params, &p); err != nil {
+		return nil // ignore malformed notifications
+	}
+	s.docs[p.TextDocument.URI] = p.TextDocument.Text
+	return s.lintAndPublish(p.TextDocument.URI, p.TextDocument.Text)
+}
+
+func (s *Server) handleDidChange(msg *Message) error {
+	var p DidChangeTextDocumentParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(msg.Params, &p); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if len(p.ContentChanges) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Full sync: the last change event holds the complete new text.
+	text := p.ContentChanges[len(p.ContentChanges)-1].Text
+	s.docs[p.TextDocument.URI] = text
+	return s.lintAndPublish(p.TextDocument.URI, text)
+}
+
+func (s *Server) handleDidSave(msg *Message) error {
+	var p DidSaveTextDocumentParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(msg.Params, &p); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	text := s.docs[p.TextDocument.URI]
+	if p.Text != nil {
+		text = *p.Text
+		s.docs[p.TextDocument.URI] = text
+	}
+	if text == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return s.lintAndPublish(p.TextDocument.URI, text)
+}
+
+func (s *Server) handleDidClose(msg *Message) error {
+	var p DidCloseTextDocumentParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(msg.Params, &p); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	delete(s.docs, p.TextDocument.URI)
+	// Clear diagnostics so the editor doesn't show stale squiggles.
+	return s.notify("textDocument/publishDiagnostics", PublishDiagnosticsParams{
+		URI:         p.TextDocument.URI,
+		Diagnostics: []Diagnostic{},
+	})
+}
+
+func (s *Server) lintAndPublish(uri, text string) error {
+	diags := s.lintDocument(uri, text)
+	return s.notify("textDocument/publishDiagnostics", PublishDiagnosticsParams{
+		URI:         uri,
+		Diagnostics: diags,
+	})
+}
+
+// lintDocument parses text and runs all lint rules, returning LSP Diagnostics.
+// Findings that originate from included files (not the root document) are
+// excluded; their URIs are not tracked so line numbers would be incorrect.
+func (s *Server) lintDocument(uri, text string) []Diagnostic {
+	path := uriToPath(uri)
+	if path == "" {
+		return []Diagnostic{}
+	}
+	rootDir := filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(path))
+
+	pipeline, err := model.ParseBytes([]byte(text))
+	if err != nil {
+		return []Diagnostic{{
+			Range:    Range{Start: Position{}, End: Position{}},
+			Severity: 1,
+			Source:   "glint",
+			Message:  "YAML parse error: " + err.Error(),
+		}}
+	}
+	pipeline.SourceFile = path
+	pipeline.SetJobOrigin(path)
+
+	// Include resolution is best-effort: network failures produce warnings that
+	// are intentionally discarded here. The linter operates on whatever was
+	// successfully resolved.
+	_, _ = resolver.ResolveIncludes(pipeline, s.cfg, rootDir)
+	_, _ = resolver.Resolve(pipeline)
+
+	findings := linter.Lint(pipeline, nil)
+
+	diags := make([]Diagnostic, 0, len(findings))
+	for _, f := range findings {
+		// Skip findings from included files — their line numbers reference
+		// a different document URI that the server has not opened.
+		if f.File != path && f.File != "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		line := 0
+		if f.Line > 0 {
+			line = f.Line - 1 // glint uses 1-based lines; LSP uses 0-based
+		}
+		sev := 1 // DiagnosticSeverity: Error
+		if f.Severity == linter.Warning {
+			sev = 2 // DiagnosticSeverity: Warning
+		}
+		msg := f.Message
+		if f.Job != "" {
+			msg = fmt.Sprintf("job %q: %s", f.Job, f.Message)
+		}
+		diags = append(diags, Diagnostic{
+			Range: Range{
+				Start: Position{Line: line},
+				End:   Position{Line: line},
+			},
+			Severity: sev,
+			Code:     f.Rule,
+			Source:   "glint",
+			Message:  msg,
+		})
+	}
+	return diags
+}
+
+// uriToPath converts a file:// URI to a local filesystem path.
+// Returns an empty string for non-file URIs or on parse error.
+func uriToPath(uri string) string {
+	u, err := url.Parse(uri)
+	if err != nil || u.Scheme != "file" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return filepath.FromSlash(u.Path)
+}

internal/lsp/server_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+package lsp
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
+)
+
+// frame encodes v as a Content-Length–framed LSP message.
+func frame(t *testing.T, v any) []byte {
+	t.Helper()
+	body, err := json.Marshal(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	hdr := fmt.Sprintf("Content-Length: %d\r\n\r\n", len(body))
+	return append([]byte(hdr), body...)
+}
+
+// readMsg reads one Content-Length–framed JSON object from r.
+func readMsg(t *testing.T, r *bufio.Reader) map[string]json.RawMessage {
+	t.Helper()
+	var contentLength int
+	for {
+		line, err := r.ReadString('\n')
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("reading header: %v", err)
+		}
+		line = strings.TrimRight(line, "\r\n")
+		if line == "" {
+			break
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "Content-Length: ") {
+			n, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimPrefix(line, "Content-Length: "))
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("invalid Content-Length: %v", err)
+			}
+			contentLength = n
+		}
+	}
+	body := make([]byte, contentLength)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, body); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("reading body: %v", err)
+	}
+	var m map[string]json.RawMessage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &m); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal: %v", err)
+	}
+	return m
+}
+
+// newTestServer returns a Server with a captured exit code and a bufio.Reader
+// wrapping the output buffer so tests can read back server messages.
+func newTestServer(input []byte) (*Server, *bytes.Buffer, *int) {
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	exitCode := -1
+	srv := New(bytes.NewReader(input), &out, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "test")
+	srv.Exit = func(code int) { exitCode = code }
+	return srv, &out, &exitCode
+}
+
+func TestServer_Initialize(t *testing.T) {
+	input := frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0",
+		"id":      1,
+		"method":  "initialize",
+		"params":  map[string]any{},
+	})
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(input)
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	resp := readMsg(t, bufio.NewReader(out))
+	if string(resp["id"]) != "1" {
+		t.Errorf("response id = %s; want 1", resp["id"])
+	}
+
+	var result InitializeResult
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["result"], &result); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal result: %v", err)
+	}
+	if result.Capabilities.TextDocumentSync != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("textDocumentSync = %d; want 1", result.Capabilities.TextDocumentSync)
+	}
+	if result.ServerInfo == nil || result.ServerInfo.Name != "glint" {
+		t.Errorf("serverInfo.name = %v; want glint", result.ServerInfo)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_ShutdownExit(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "initialize", "params": map[string]any{},
+	}))
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "initialized", "params": map[string]any{},
+	}))
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 2, "method": "shutdown",
+	}))
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "exit",
+	}))
+
+	srv, out, exitCode := newTestServer(buf.Bytes())
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	r := bufio.NewReader(out)
+	initResp := readMsg(t, r)
+	if string(initResp["id"]) != "1" {
+		t.Errorf("init response id = %s; want 1", initResp["id"])
+	}
+	shutResp := readMsg(t, r)
+	if string(shutResp["id"]) != "2" {
+		t.Errorf("shutdown response id = %s; want 2", shutResp["id"])
+	}
+	if string(shutResp["result"]) != "null" {
+		t.Errorf("shutdown result = %s; want null", shutResp["result"])
+	}
+	if *exitCode != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("exit code = %d; want 0", *exitCode)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_ExitWithoutShutdown(t *testing.T) {
+	input := frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "exit",
+	})
+	srv, _, exitCode := newTestServer(input)
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	if *exitCode != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("exit code = %d; want 1 (no prior shutdown)", *exitCode)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_MethodNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	input := frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 99, "method": "workspace/unknownMethod",
+	})
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(input)
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	resp := readMsg(t, bufio.NewReader(out))
+	if resp["error"] == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected error response for unknown method, got: %v", resp)
+	}
+	var rpcErr RPCError
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["error"], &rpcErr); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if rpcErr.Code != -32601 {
+		t.Errorf("error code = %d; want -32601", rpcErr.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_UnknownNotificationIgnored(t *testing.T) {
+	// Notifications (no id) for unknown methods must be silently ignored.
+	input := frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "$/setTrace", "params": map[string]any{"value": "off"},
+	})
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(input)
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	if out.Len() > 0 {
+		t.Errorf("server wrote %d bytes for unknown notification; want 0", out.Len())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_DidOpen_CleanPipeline(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `stages: [build]
+
+build-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo hello
+`
+	// Use a pseudo file:// URI that maps to the tmp path; include resolution
+	// will fail silently (no network, no local includes) which is fine.
+	uri := "file:///tmp/test.gitlab-ci.yml"
+
+	input := frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0",
+		"method":  "textDocument/didOpen",
+		"params": map[string]any{
+			"textDocument": map[string]any{
+				"uri": uri, "languageId": "yaml", "version": 1, "text": yaml,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(input)
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	notif := readMsg(t, bufio.NewReader(out))
+	if string(notif["method"]) != `"textDocument/publishDiagnostics"` {
+		t.Fatalf("method = %s; want textDocument/publishDiagnostics", notif["method"])
+	}
+	var params PublishDiagnosticsParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(notif["params"], &params); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal params: %v", err)
+	}
+	if params.URI != uri {
+		t.Errorf("uri = %q; want %q", params.URI, uri)
+	}
+	// A clean pipeline should produce no diagnostics (or only warnings from
+	// include resolution being skipped — but those are filtered since they
+	// originate from a different file path).
+	for _, d := range params.Diagnostics {
+		if d.Severity == 1 {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error diagnostic: %s", d.Message)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_DidOpen_WithErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	// A pipeline with a job in an undeclared stage triggers GL004.
+	yaml := `stages: [build]
+
+bad-job:
+  stage: missing-stage
+  script: echo hi
+`
+	uri := "file:///tmp/bad.gitlab-ci.yml"
+	input := frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0",
+		"method":  "textDocument/didOpen",
+		"params": map[string]any{
+			"textDocument": map[string]any{
+				"uri": uri, "languageId": "yaml", "version": 1, "text": yaml,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(input)
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	notif := readMsg(t, bufio.NewReader(out))
+	var params PublishDiagnosticsParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(notif["params"], &params); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal params: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(params.Diagnostics) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected diagnostics for pipeline with unknown stage, got none")
+	}
+	found := false
+	for _, d := range params.Diagnostics {
+		if d.Code == "GL004" {
+			found = true
+			if d.Severity != 1 {
+				t.Errorf("GL004 severity = %d; want 1 (Error)", d.Severity)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Errorf("expected GL004 diagnostic, got: %v", params.Diagnostics)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_DidOpen_ParseError(t *testing.T) {
+	uri := "file:///tmp/broken.gitlab-ci.yml"
+	input := frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0",
+		"method":  "textDocument/didOpen",
+		"params": map[string]any{
+			"textDocument": map[string]any{
+				"uri": uri, "languageId": "yaml", "version": 1,
+				"text": "?", // bare ? yields empty job name → parse error
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(input)
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	notif := readMsg(t, bufio.NewReader(out))
+	var params PublishDiagnosticsParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(notif["params"], &params); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal params: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(params.Diagnostics) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected parse-error diagnostic, got none")
+	}
+	d := params.Diagnostics[0]
+	if d.Severity != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("severity = %d; want 1 (Error)", d.Severity)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(d.Message, "YAML parse error") {
+		t.Errorf("message = %q; want YAML parse error", d.Message)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_DidChange(t *testing.T) {
+	uri := "file:///tmp/ci.gitlab-ci.yml"
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	// Open with clean content.
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "textDocument/didOpen",
+		"params": map[string]any{"textDocument": map[string]any{
+			"uri": uri, "languageId": "yaml", "version": 1,
+			"text": "stages: [build]\nbuild: {stage: build, script: echo}\n",
+		}},
+	}))
+	// Change to content with an error.
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "textDocument/didChange",
+		"params": map[string]any{
+			"textDocument": map[string]any{"uri": uri, "version": 2},
+			"contentChanges": []map[string]any{
+				{"text": "stages: [build]\nbad: {stage: gone, script: hi}\n"},
+			},
+		},
+	}))
+
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(buf.Bytes())
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	r := bufio.NewReader(out)
+	_ = readMsg(t, r) // first publishDiagnostics (clean)
+	second := readMsg(t, r)
+
+	var params PublishDiagnosticsParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(second["params"], &params); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(params.Diagnostics) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected diagnostics after change to broken content, got none")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_DidClose_ClearsdiAgnostics(t *testing.T) {
+	uri := "file:///tmp/toclose.gitlab-ci.yml"
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "textDocument/didOpen",
+		"params": map[string]any{"textDocument": map[string]any{
+			"uri": uri, "languageId": "yaml", "version": 1,
+			"text": "stages: [build]\nj: {stage: build, script: echo}\n",
+		}},
+	}))
+	buf.Write(frame(t, map[string]any{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "textDocument/didClose",
+		"params": map[string]any{"textDocument": map[string]any{"uri": uri}},
+	}))
+
+	srv, out, _ := newTestServer(buf.Bytes())
+	srv.Run() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	r := bufio.NewReader(out)
+	_ = readMsg(t, r) // publishDiagnostics from didOpen
+
+	closeNotif := readMsg(t, r)
+	var params PublishDiagnosticsParams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(closeNotif["params"], &params); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal: %v", err)
+	}
+	if params.URI != uri {
+		t.Errorf("uri = %q; want %q", params.URI, uri)
+	}
+	if len(params.Diagnostics) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty diagnostics on close, got %v", params.Diagnostics)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_ContentLengthTooLarge(t *testing.T) {
+	// Craft a header with a content-length that exceeds the cap.
+	// The server must reject it before allocating a giant buffer.
+	header := fmt.Sprintf("Content-Length: %d\r\n\r\n", maxLSPMessageBytes+1)
+	srv, _, _ := newTestServer([]byte(header))
+	err := srv.Run()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for oversized Content-Length, got nil")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "exceeds maximum") {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServer_UriToPath(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		uri  string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{"file:///tmp/ci.yml", "/tmp/ci.yml"},
+		{"file:///home/user/project/.gitlab-ci.yml", "/home/user/project/.gitlab-ci.yml"},
+		{"https://example.com/file.yml", ""},
+		{"not-a-uri", ""},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		got := uriToPath(tc.uri)
+		if got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("uriToPath(%q) = %q; want %q", tc.uri, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/lsp/types.go

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+// Package lsp implements a minimal Language Server Protocol server for glint.
+package lsp
+
+import "encoding/json"
+
+// Message is a JSON-RPC 2.0 message (request, response, or notification).
+type Message struct {
+	JSONRPC string          `json:"jsonrpc"`
+	ID      json.RawMessage `json:"id,omitempty"`
+	Method  string          `json:"method,omitempty"`
+	Params  json.RawMessage `json:"params,omitempty"`
+	Result  json.RawMessage `json:"result,omitempty"`
+	Error   *RPCError       `json:"error,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// RPCError is a JSON-RPC 2.0 error object.
+type RPCError struct {
+	Code    int    `json:"code"`
+	Message string `json:"message"`
+}
+
+// InitializeResult is the server's response to the initialize request.
+type InitializeResult struct {
+	Capabilities ServerCapabilities `json:"capabilities"`
+	ServerInfo   *ServerInfo        `json:"serverInfo,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ServerCapabilities advertises what the server supports.
+type ServerCapabilities struct {
+	// TextDocumentSync: 1 = Full (send entire document on every change).
+	TextDocumentSync int `json:"textDocumentSync"`
+}
+
+// ServerInfo identifies the server to the client.
+type ServerInfo struct {
+	Name    string `json:"name"`
+	Version string `json:"version,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// TextDocumentItem is a text document opened by the client.
+type TextDocumentItem struct {
+	URI        string `json:"uri"`
+	LanguageID string `json:"languageId"`
+	Version    int    `json:"version"`
+	Text       string `json:"text"`
+}
+
+// TextDocumentIdentifier references a text document by URI.
+type TextDocumentIdentifier struct {
+	URI string `json:"uri"`
+}
+
+// VersionedTextDocumentIdentifier includes a version number.
+type VersionedTextDocumentIdentifier struct {
+	URI     string `json:"uri"`
+	Version int    `json:"version"`
+}
+
+// TextDocumentContentChangeEvent is a single content change event.
+// With Full sync the Text field contains the complete new document text.
+type TextDocumentContentChangeEvent struct {
+	Text string `json:"text"`
+}
+
+// DidOpenTextDocumentParams is the params for textDocument/didOpen.
+type DidOpenTextDocumentParams struct {
+	TextDocument TextDocumentItem `json:"textDocument"`
+}
+
+// DidChangeTextDocumentParams is the params for textDocument/didChange.
+type DidChangeTextDocumentParams struct {
+	TextDocument   VersionedTextDocumentIdentifier  `json:"textDocument"`
+	ContentChanges []TextDocumentContentChangeEvent `json:"contentChanges"`
+}
+
+// DidSaveTextDocumentParams is the params for textDocument/didSave.
+type DidSaveTextDocumentParams struct {
+	TextDocument TextDocumentIdentifier `json:"textDocument"`
+	Text         *string                `json:"text,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// DidCloseTextDocumentParams is the params for textDocument/didClose.
+type DidCloseTextDocumentParams struct {
+	TextDocument TextDocumentIdentifier `json:"textDocument"`
+}
+
+// PublishDiagnosticsParams is the params for textDocument/publishDiagnostics.
+type PublishDiagnosticsParams struct {
+	URI         string       `json:"uri"`
+	Diagnostics []Diagnostic `json:"diagnostics"`
+}
+
+// Diagnostic is a lint finding expressed in LSP terms.
+type Diagnostic struct {
+	Range    Range  `json:"range"`
+	Severity int    `json:"severity"` // 1=Error, 2=Warning, 3=Information, 4=Hint
+	Code     string `json:"code,omitempty"`
+	Source   string `json:"source,omitempty"`
+	Message  string `json:"message"`
+}
+
+// Range is a zero-based line/character range within a text document.
+type Range struct {
+	Start Position `json:"start"`
+	End   Position `json:"end"`
+}
+
+// Position is a zero-based line and character offset.
+type Position struct {
+	Line      int `json:"line"`
+	Character int `json:"character"`
+}

internal/model/fuzz_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package model
+
+import "testing"
+
+// FuzzParseBytes ensures the YAML parser never panics on arbitrary input and
+// that successful parses return a structurally sound Pipeline.
+// Run with: go test -fuzz=FuzzParseBytes ./internal/model/
+// Found failures are saved to testdata/fuzz/FuzzParseBytes/.
+func FuzzParseBytes(f *testing.F) {
+	// Seed corpus: representative inputs covering the main code paths in
+	// ParseBytes, including the sanitizeYAMLEscapes pre-processing step.
+	seeds := [][]byte{
+		{},
+		[]byte("null"),
+		[]byte("stages: [build]\nbuild-job:\n  stage: build\n  script: echo ok\n"),
+		[]byte(".base:\n  script: [make]\nchild:\n  extends: .base\n  stage: test\n"),
+		[]byte("stages: [a, b]\njob-a:\n  stage: a\n  script: run\njob-b:\n  stage: b\n  needs: [job-a]\n  script: run\n"),
+		[]byte("*undefined_anchor"),
+		[]byte("- item1\n- item2\n"),
+		[]byte("my-job: \"just a string\"\n"),
+		[]byte("my-job:\n  stage: [build, test]\n"),
+		[]byte("# glint: ignore GL007\nlegacy:\n  only: [main]\n  script: ok\n"),
+		[]byte("workflow:\n  rules:\n    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"main\"'\n      when: always\njob:\n  script: echo ok\n"),
+		[]byte("include:\n  - local: other.yml\njob:\n  script: echo ok\n"),
+		[]byte("job:\n  script: echo ok\n  when: on_failure\n  rules:\n    - if: '$VAR =~ /^us\\//'\n"),
+		[]byte("job:\n  stage: test\n  image:\n    name: golang:1.21\n    entrypoint: ['']\n  parallel:\n    matrix:\n      - PLATFORM: [linux, darwin]\n  script: go build\n"),
+		[]byte("default:\n  retry: 2\n  timeout: 1h30m\nvariables:\n  ENV: production\nstages: [build, test, deploy]\n"),
+		[]byte("&anchor\n  script: [echo ok]\njob:\n  <<: *anchor\n  stage: build\n"),
+		[]byte("?"), // null/empty YAML key — must error, not produce an empty-named job
+	}
+	for _, s := range seeds {
+		f.Add(s)
+	}
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		p, err := ParseBytes(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return // errors are acceptable; panics are not
+		}
+		if p == nil {
+			t.Fatal("ParseBytes returned nil pipeline with nil error")
+		}
+		for name := range p.Jobs {
+			if name == "" {
+				t.Fatal("ParseBytes produced a job with an empty name")
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzSanitizeYAMLEscapes ensures the escape sanitizer never panics and never
+// produces output shorter than its input (it can only expand \/ to \\/).
+func FuzzSanitizeYAMLEscapes(f *testing.F) {
+	seeds := [][]byte{
+		{},
+		[]byte("stage: build"),
+		[]byte(`if: "$CI_BRANCH =~ /^us\//"`),
+		[]byte(`"pattern: /^us\//"`),
+		[]byte(`'single quoted \/ unchanged'`),
+		[]byte(`"\n\t\r"`),
+		[]byte(`"nested \"quote\" inside"`),
+		[]byte(`'it''s fine'`),
+		[]byte(`"unclosed`),
+		{'"', '\\'},      // double-quoted string ending with a lone backslash
+		{'"', '\\', '/'}, // the exact sequence being rewritten
+	}
+	for _, s := range seeds {
+		f.Add(s)
+	}
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		out := sanitizeYAMLEscapes(data)
+		if len(out) < len(data) {
+			t.Fatalf("sanitizeYAMLEscapes shrank output: input len=%d output len=%d\ninput: %q",
+				len(data), len(out), data)
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/model/parser.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package model
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"strings"
 
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
@@ -24,6 +25,8 @@ func Parse(path string) (*Pipeline, error) {
 
 // ParseBytes parses YAML from an in-memory byte slice.
 func ParseBytes(data []byte) (*Pipeline, error) {
+	data = sanitizeYAMLEscapes(data)
+
 	// First pass: parse into a yaml.Node document to extract job keys with
 	// their exact source line numbers (key nodes carry the line, value nodes
 	// carry the body we decode into Job / map[string]any).
@@ -54,10 +57,21 @@ func ParseBytes(data []byte) (*Pipeline, error) {
 		keyNode := root.Content[i]
 		valNode := root.Content[i+1]
 		key := keyNode.Value
+		if key == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("job name cannot be empty (null or missing YAML key)")
+		}
 		if ReservedKeys[key] {
 			continue
 		}
 
+		// Extract any inline suppression directive from the job's head or line comment.
+		if rules := parseSuppressComment(keyNode.HeadComment, keyNode.LineComment); len(rules) > 0 {
+			if p.Suppressions == nil {
+				p.Suppressions = map[string][]string{}
+			}
+			p.Suppressions[key] = rules
+		}
+
 		var rawMap map[string]any
 		if err := valNode.Decode(&rawMap); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing raw job %q: %w", key, err)
@@ -69,9 +83,103 @@ func ParseBytes(data []byte) (*Pipeline, error) {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing job %q: %w", key, err)
 		}
 		j.Name = key
-		j.Line = keyNode.Line // exact line of the job name key
+		j.Line = keyNode.Line     // exact line of the job name key
+		j.Column = keyNode.Column // exact column of the job name key
 		p.Jobs[key] = j
 	}
 
 	return p, nil
 }
+
+// parseSuppressComment scans head/line comments from a YAML key node for a
+// "# glint: ignore RULE [RULE ...]" directive. Returns the list of rule IDs
+// to suppress (uppercased), or []string{"*"} for "# glint: ignore all".
+// Returns nil when no directive is found.
+func parseSuppressComment(headComment, lineComment string) []string {
+	for _, raw := range []string{headComment, lineComment} {
+		for _, line := range strings.Split(raw, "\n") {
+			line = strings.TrimLeft(line, "# \t")
+			if !strings.HasPrefix(line, "glint:") {
+				continue
+			}
+			rest := strings.TrimSpace(strings.TrimPrefix(line, "glint:"))
+			if !strings.HasPrefix(rest, "ignore") {
+				continue
+			}
+			rest = strings.TrimSpace(strings.TrimPrefix(rest, "ignore"))
+			if rest == "" || strings.EqualFold(rest, "all") {
+				return []string{"*"}
+			}
+			var rules []string
+			for _, part := range strings.FieldsFunc(rest, func(r rune) bool {
+				return r == ',' || r == ' ' || r == '\t'
+			}) {
+				if p := strings.TrimSpace(part); p != "" {
+					rules = append(rules, strings.ToUpper(p))
+				}
+			}
+			return rules
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// sanitizeYAMLEscapes rewrites double-quoted YAML strings, replacing the \/
+// escape sequence (unrecognised by gopkg.in/yaml.v3) with \\/ so that the
+// parser produces a literal backslash+slash — preserving regex patterns like
+// /^us\// that appear in GitLab CI if: expressions.
+func sanitizeYAMLEscapes(data []byte) []byte {
+	type state int
+	const (
+		stOutside state = iota
+		stSingleQ
+		stDoubleQ
+		stEscape
+	)
+
+	out := make([]byte, 0, len(data))
+	s := stOutside
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(data); i++ {
+		b := data[i]
+		switch s {
+		case stOutside:
+			out = append(out, b)
+			switch b {
+			case '"':
+				s = stDoubleQ
+			case '\'':
+				s = stSingleQ
+			}
+		case stSingleQ:
+			out = append(out, b)
+			if b == '\'' {
+				if i+1 < len(data) && data[i+1] == '\'' {
+					// '' inside a single-quoted string is an escaped single-quote
+					out = append(out, data[i+1])
+					i++
+				} else {
+					s = stOutside
+				}
+			}
+		case stDoubleQ:
+			out = append(out, b)
+			switch b {
+			case '\\':
+				s = stEscape
+			case '"':
+				s = stOutside
+			}
+		case stEscape:
+			if b == '/' {
+				// \/ is not recognised by yaml.v3; rewrite as \\/ which
+				// the parser resolves to a literal backslash + slash.
+				out = append(out, '\\', '/')
+			} else {
+				out = append(out, b)
+			}
+			s = stDoubleQ
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}

internal/model/parser_suppress_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+package model
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestParseSuppressComment(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name        string
+		head        string
+		line        string
+		wantRules   []string
+		wantNil     bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "no comment",
+			head:    "",
+			line:    "",
+			wantNil: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "single rule head comment",
+			head:      "# glint: ignore GL007",
+			wantRules: []string{"GL007"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "multiple rules comma-separated",
+			head:      "# glint: ignore GL007, GL032",
+			wantRules: []string{"GL007", "GL032"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "multiple rules space-separated",
+			head:      "# glint: ignore GL007 GL032",
+			wantRules: []string{"GL007", "GL032"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "ignore all",
+			head:      "# glint: ignore all",
+			wantRules: []string{"*"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "ignore all bare",
+			head:      "# glint: ignore",
+			wantRules: []string{"*"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "lowercase rule ID is uppercased",
+			head:      "# glint: ignore gl007",
+			wantRules: []string{"GL007"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "line comment",
+			head:      "",
+			line:      "# glint: ignore GL004",
+			wantRules: []string{"GL004"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "unrelated comment",
+			head:    "# This job deploys to production",
+			wantNil: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "partial match - not a glint directive",
+			head:    "# hint: ignore this",
+			wantNil: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "multi-line head comment with directive on second line",
+			head:      "# Some description\n# glint: ignore GL007",
+			wantRules: []string{"GL007"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := parseSuppressComment(tc.head, tc.line)
+			if tc.wantNil {
+				if got != nil {
+					t.Errorf("expected nil, got %v", got)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if len(got) != len(tc.wantRules) {
+				t.Fatalf("got %v, want %v", got, tc.wantRules)
+			}
+			for i, r := range tc.wantRules {
+				if got[i] != r {
+					t.Errorf("[%d] got %q, want %q", i, got[i], r)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseBytes_Suppressions(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+stages:
+  - build
+
+# glint: ignore GL007
+deprecated-job:
+  stage: build
+  only:
+    - main
+
+normal-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo ok
+`
+	p, err := ParseBytes([]byte(yaml))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ParseBytes: %v", err)
+	}
+	if p.Suppressions == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Suppressions is nil")
+	}
+	rules, ok := p.Suppressions["deprecated-job"]
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("no suppression for deprecated-job")
+	}
+	if len(rules) != 1 || rules[0] != "GL007" {
+		t.Errorf("rules = %v, want [GL007]", rules)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Suppressions["normal-job"]; ok {
+		t.Error("normal-job should have no suppressions")
+	}
+}

internal/model/parser_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// ── Parse (file) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("valid file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		content := `
+stages: [build]
+build-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: [make]
+`
+		dir := t.TempDir()
+		path := filepath.Join(dir, ".gitlab-ci.yml")
+		if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(content), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		p, err := Parse(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Parse: %v", err)
+		}
+		if p.SourceFile != path {
+			t.Errorf("SourceFile: got %q want %q", p.SourceFile, path)
+		}
+		if _, ok := p.Jobs["build-job"]; !ok {
+			t.Error("build-job not found")
+		}
+		if p.Jobs["build-job"].File != path {
+			t.Errorf("job File not set: %q", p.Jobs["build-job"].File)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("missing file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		_, err := Parse("/nonexistent/path/ci.yml")
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error for missing file")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── ParseBytes edge cases ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestParseBytes_EdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	// Empty YAML: doc.Kind is not DocumentNode → return empty Pipeline.
+	p, err := ParseBytes([]byte(""))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("empty YAML: unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if p == nil || len(p.Jobs) != 0 {
+		t.Error("empty YAML: expected empty pipeline")
+	}
+
+	// YAML null: second pass succeeds, doc root is ScalarNode → return empty Pipeline (line 51-53).
+	p2, err := ParseBytes([]byte("null"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("null YAML: unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if p2 == nil || len(p2.Jobs) != 0 {
+		t.Error("null YAML: expected empty pipeline")
+	}
+
+	// Invalid YAML (undefined alias): first-pass Unmarshal fails (line 34-36).
+	_, err = ParseBytes([]byte("*undefined_anchor"))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("undefined alias: expected error from ParseBytes")
+	}
+
+	// Sequence YAML: second-pass Unmarshal fails (cannot decode !!seq into Pipeline).
+	_, err = ParseBytes([]byte("- item1\n- item2\n"))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("sequence YAML: expected error from ParseBytes")
+	}
+
+	// Job value that cannot be decoded as map[string]any (scalar job value).
+	_, err = ParseBytes([]byte("my-job: \"just a string\"\n"))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("scalar job value: expected error from ParseBytes")
+	}
+
+	// Job with wrong field type: rawMap decode succeeds, Job decode fails (line 79-81).
+	_, err = ParseBytes([]byte("my-job:\n  stage: [build, test]\n"))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("wrong field type: expected error from ParseBytes (stage must be string)")
+	}
+
+	// Null/empty YAML key (e.g. bare "?"): job name cannot be empty.
+	_, err = ParseBytes([]byte("?"))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("null key: expected error from ParseBytes (job name cannot be empty)")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestParse_ParseBytesError exercises the Parse → ParseBytes error path (line 18).
+func TestParse_ParseBytesError(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	path := filepath.Join(dir, "bad.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte("my-job: \"scalar\"\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err := Parse(path)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("scalar job value: expected error from Parse")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestParseSuppressComment_NonIgnore ensures that a "glint:" directive that is
+// not "ignore" is silently skipped.
+func TestParseSuppressComment_NonIgnore(t *testing.T) {
+	result := parseSuppressComment("# glint: refresh GL001", "")
+	if result != nil {
+		t.Errorf("non-ignore glint directive should return nil, got %v", result)
+	}
+}
+
+// ── sanitizeYAMLEscapes ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSanitizeYAMLEscapes(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "no double quotes — unchanged",
+			input: "stage: build",
+			want:  "stage: build",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "double-quoted string without backslash",
+			input: `if: "$CI_BRANCH == \"main\""`,
+			want:  `if: "$CI_BRANCH == \"main\""`,
+		},
+		{
+			// \/ inside double-quoted YAML string becomes \\/ (yaml.v3 does not recognise \/).
+			name:  "slash escape rewritten in larger context",
+			input: `if: "$CI_BRANCH =~ /^us\//"`,
+			want:  `if: "$CI_BRANCH =~ /^us\\//"`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "backslash-slash inside double quotes rewritten",
+			input: `"pattern: /^us\//"`  ,
+			want:  `"pattern: /^us\\//"`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "single-quoted string unchanged",
+			input: `'hello \/ world'`,
+			want:  `'hello \/ world'`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "escaped single quote inside single-quoted string",
+			input: `'it''s fine'`,
+			want:  `'it''s fine'`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "other backslash escapes unchanged",
+			input: `"\n\t\r"`,
+			want:  `"\n\t\r"`,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := string(sanitizeYAMLEscapes([]byte(tc.input)))
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("got  %q\nwant %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/model/pipeline.go

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ type Pipeline struct {
 	// Jobs holds every non-reserved top-level key (i.e. job definitions).
 	Jobs    map[string]Job            `yaml:"-"`
 	RawJobs map[string]map[string]any `yaml:"-"` // pre-resolution raw maps, used by the resolver
+	// Suppressions maps job names to lists of suppressed rule IDs parsed from
+	// "# glint: ignore RULE" comments in the pipeline YAML. Only populated for
+	// the root pipeline file (not for included templates).
+	Suppressions map[string][]string `yaml:"-"`
 }
 
 // SetJobOrigin sets the File field on all jobs that don't already have one.
@@ -41,9 +45,10 @@ type Workflow struct {
 }
 
 type Job struct {
-	Name string // set by parser, not from YAML
-	File string // source file; set by Parse / resolver
-	Line int    // line of the job key in its source file; set by parser
+	Name   string // set by parser, not from YAML
+	File   string // source file; set by Parse / resolver
+	Line   int    // line of the job key in its source file; set by parser
+	Column int    // column of the job key (1-indexed); set by parser
 	Stage        string   `yaml:"stage"`
 	Script       any `yaml:"script"`       // []string or string (block scalar)
 	Run          any `yaml:"run"`          // alternative to script (CI steps)
@@ -80,10 +85,12 @@ type Job struct {
 }
 
 type Rule struct {
-	If      string `yaml:"if"`
-	When    string `yaml:"when"`
-	Changes any    `yaml:"changes"` // []string or {paths,compare_to} map
-	Exists  any    `yaml:"exists"`  // []string or map form
+	If        string         `yaml:"if"`
+	When      string         `yaml:"when"`
+	Changes   any            `yaml:"changes"`   // []string or {paths,compare_to} map
+	Exists    any            `yaml:"exists"`    // []string or map form
+	Variables map[string]any `yaml:"variables"` // set/override variables when rule matches (GitLab CI 15.0+)
+	Needs     []any          `yaml:"needs"`     // override needs: when this rule matches (GitLab CI 16.4+)
 }
 
 // ReservedKeys are top-level GitLab CI keys that are NOT job definitions.

internal/model/pipeline_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestSetJobOrigin(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Pipeline{
+		Jobs: map[string]Job{
+			"with-file": {Name: "with-file", File: "existing.yml"},
+			"no-file":   {Name: "no-file"},
+		},
+	}
+	p.SetJobOrigin("default.yml")
+
+	if p.Jobs["with-file"].File != "existing.yml" {
+		t.Error("job with existing File should not be overwritten")
+	}
+	if p.Jobs["no-file"].File != "default.yml" {
+		t.Errorf("job without File should be set: got %q", p.Jobs["no-file"].File)
+	}
+}

internal/model/testdata/fuzz/FuzzParseBytes/c18522695dec4f60

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+go test fuzz v1
+[]byte("?")

internal/resolver/extends.go

@@ -80,7 +80,15 @@ func Resolve(p *model.Pipeline) ([]ExtendWarning, error) {
 			return extWarnings, fmt.Errorf("job %q: re-decoding merged definition: %w", name, err)
 		}
 		j.Name = name
+		// Preserve source location — these fields are not part of the YAML map
+		// and are lost during the encode/decode round-trip.
+		orig := p.Jobs[name]
+		j.File = orig.File
+		j.Line = orig.Line
+		j.Column = orig.Column
 		p.Jobs[name] = j
+		// Write merged raw map back so p.RawJobs always reflects post-extends state.
+		p.RawJobs[name] = merged
 	}
 
 	return extWarnings, nil

internal/resolver/extends_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+package resolver
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+// errorYAMLMarshaler implements yaml.Marshaler and always returns an error,
+// allowing tests to trigger the yaml.Marshal failure path in Resolve.
+type errorYAMLMarshaler struct{}
+
+func (e errorYAMLMarshaler) MarshalYAML() (interface{}, error) {
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("forced marshal error for test")
+}
+
+// ── parseExtends ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestParseExtends(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		input   any
+		want    []string
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{name: "nil", input: nil, want: nil},
+		{name: "single string", input: "base", want: []string{"base"}},
+		{name: "slice of strings", input: []any{"base1", "base2"}, want: []string{"base1", "base2"}},
+		{name: "empty slice", input: []any{}, want: []string{}},
+		{name: "invalid item in slice", input: []any{42}, wantErr: true},
+		{name: "unexpected type", input: 123, wantErr: true},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := parseExtends(tc.input)
+			if (err != nil) != tc.wantErr {
+				t.Fatalf("wantErr=%v got err=%v", tc.wantErr, err)
+			}
+			if !tc.wantErr {
+				if len(got) != len(tc.want) {
+					t.Fatalf("len mismatch: got %v want %v", got, tc.want)
+				}
+				for i := range got {
+					if got[i] != tc.want[i] {
+						t.Errorf("[%d] got %q want %q", i, got[i], tc.want[i])
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── topoSort ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestTopoSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("simple chain", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// a → b (b must come before a)
+		graph := map[string][]string{"a": {"b"}, "b": {}}
+		order, err := topoSort(graph)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		// b must appear before a
+		pos := func(s string) int {
+			for i, v := range order { if v == s { return i } }
+			return -1
+		}
+		if pos("b") > pos("a") {
+			t.Errorf("b should come before a, got %v", order)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no deps", func(t *testing.T) {
+		graph := map[string][]string{"a": {}, "b": {}}
+		order, err := topoSort(graph)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if len(order) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 2 items, got %v", order)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("cycle detected", func(t *testing.T) {
+		graph := map[string][]string{"a": {"b"}, "b": {"a"}}
+		_, err := topoSort(graph)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected cycle error")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("already visited node skipped", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// diamond: a→b, a→c, b→d, c→d
+		graph := map[string][]string{
+			"a": {"b", "c"},
+			"b": {"d"},
+			"c": {"d"},
+			"d": {},
+		}
+		order, err := topoSort(graph)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		// d must come first (or at least before b, c, a)
+		pos := func(s string) int {
+			for i, v := range order { if v == s { return i } }
+			return -1
+		}
+		if pos("d") > pos("b") || pos("d") > pos("c") {
+			t.Errorf("d should come before b and c, got %v", order)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── deepMerge ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestDeepMerge(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("override wins on scalar", func(t *testing.T) {
+		base := map[string]any{"a": "base", "b": "keep"}
+		over := map[string]any{"a": "new"}
+		got := deepMerge(base, over)
+		if got["a"] != "new" || got["b"] != "keep" {
+			t.Errorf("got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nested maps merged recursively", func(t *testing.T) {
+		base := map[string]any{"m": map[string]any{"x": 1, "y": 2}}
+		over := map[string]any{"m": map[string]any{"y": 99, "z": 3}}
+		got := deepMerge(base, over)
+		m := got["m"].(map[string]any)
+		if m["x"] != 1 || m["y"] != 99 || m["z"] != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("nested merge wrong: %v", m)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("override scalar wins over base map", func(t *testing.T) {
+		base := map[string]any{"m": map[string]any{"x": 1}}
+		over := map[string]any{"m": "scalar"}
+		got := deepMerge(base, over)
+		if got["m"] != "scalar" {
+			t.Errorf("expected scalar to win, got %v", got["m"])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("base map + override scalar - base is map, override is scalar", func(t *testing.T) {
+		base := map[string]any{"k": map[string]any{"a": 1}}
+		over := map[string]any{"k": "replaced"}
+		got := deepMerge(base, over)
+		if got["k"] != "replaced" {
+			t.Errorf("got %v", got["k"])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty maps", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := deepMerge(map[string]any{}, map[string]any{})
+		if len(got) != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("expected empty, got %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// ── Resolve ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func buildPipeline(rawJobs map[string]map[string]any) *model.Pipeline {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs:    make(map[string]model.Job),
+		RawJobs: rawJobs,
+	}
+	for name, raw := range rawJobs {
+		ext := raw["extends"]
+		p.Jobs[name] = model.Job{Name: name, Extends: ext}
+	}
+	return p
+}
+
+func TestResolve(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("no extends — noop", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			"build": {"script": []any{"make"}},
+		})
+		warnings, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err != nil || len(warnings) != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected: err=%v warnings=%v", err, warnings)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("single extends merges fields", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			".base":  {"image": "alpine", "script": []any{"echo base"}},
+			"child": {"extends": ".base", "stage": "test"},
+		})
+		warnings, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err != nil || len(warnings) != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected: err=%v warnings=%v", err, warnings)
+		}
+		child := p.Jobs["child"]
+		if child.Stage != "test" {
+			t.Errorf("stage not preserved: %q", child.Stage)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unknown base produces warning, not error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			"child": {"extends": ".missing", "script": []any{"echo x"}},
+		})
+		warnings, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if len(warnings) != 1 || warnings[0].Job != "child" || warnings[0].Base != ".missing" {
+			t.Errorf("expected warning about .missing, got %v", warnings)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("multi-extend list", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			".a":    {"image": "alpine"},
+			".b":    {"tags": []any{"docker"}},
+			"child": {"extends": []any{".a", ".b"}, "script": []any{"echo x"}},
+		})
+		warnings, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err != nil || len(warnings) != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected: %v %v", err, warnings)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("cycle returns error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			"a": {"extends": "b"},
+			"b": {"extends": "a"},
+		})
+		_, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected cycle error")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("file and line preserved after merge", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			".base":  {"script": []any{"echo base"}},
+			"child": {"extends": ".base"},
+		})
+		p.Jobs["child"] = model.Job{Name: "child", Extends: ".base", File: "ci.yml", Line: 10}
+		_, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if p.Jobs["child"].File != "ci.yml" || p.Jobs["child"].Line != 10 {
+			t.Errorf("file/line lost after merge: %+v", p.Jobs["child"])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("parseExtends invalid type returns error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			"job": {"extends": 123},
+		})
+		p.Jobs["job"] = model.Job{Name: "job", Extends: 123}
+		_, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error for invalid extends type")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("yaml.Marshal fails — errorYAMLMarshaler injected into merged map", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Inject a value whose MarshalYAML() returns an error so yaml.Marshal
+		// fails at extends.go:74-77.
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			".base":  {"script": []any{"echo"}},
+			"child": {"extends": ".base", "bad": errorYAMLMarshaler{}},
+		})
+		_, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error when yaml.Marshal fails")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("yaml.Unmarshal fails — map injected where []string expected", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Marshal succeeds (maps are valid YAML), but Unmarshal into model.Job
+		// fails because Dependencies []string cannot hold a mapping.
+		p := buildPipeline(map[string]map[string]any{
+			".base": {
+				"dependencies": map[string]any{"invalid": "not-a-list"},
+			},
+			"child": {"extends": ".base", "stage": "build"},
+		})
+		_, err := Resolve(p)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error when yaml.Unmarshal fails on incompatible type")
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/resolver/includes.go

@@ -4,12 +4,27 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
 	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
 )
 
+// maxIncludeDepth is the maximum nesting level for include: chains.
+// This matches GitLab's own documented limit and also guards against
+// include cycles that slip past the visited-key deduplication.
+const maxIncludeDepth = 100
+
+// inputPlaceholderRe matches GitLab CI component input references:
+//
+//	$[[ inputs.KEY ]]
+//	$[[ inputs.KEY | default('value') ]]
+//	$[[ inputs.KEY | default(true) ]]
+//	$[[ inputs.KEY | default(123) ]]
+var inputPlaceholderRe = regexp.MustCompile(
+	`\$\[\[\s*inputs\.(\w+)(?:\s*\|\s*default\(([^)]*)\))?\s*\]\]`)
+
 // IncludeWarning describes an include entry that could not be resolved.
 // These are surfaced to the user as [WARNING] lines before the lint findings.
 type IncludeWarning struct {
@@ -53,11 +68,18 @@ type ExtendWarning struct {
 // processing included files (forwarded from resolver.Resolve calls).
 func ResolveIncludes(p *model.Pipeline, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
 	visited := map[string]bool{}
-	return resolveIncludes(p, p.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+	return resolveIncludes(p, p.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited, 0)
 }
 
 // resolveIncludes is the recursive core of ResolveIncludes.
-func resolveIncludes(p *model.Pipeline, includes []any, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
+func resolveIncludes(p *model.Pipeline, includes []any, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool, depth int) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
+	if depth > maxIncludeDepth {
+		return []IncludeWarning{{
+			Label: "includes",
+			Err:   fmt.Errorf("include nesting depth exceeded (%d levels) — possible include cycle detected", maxIncludeDepth),
+		}}, nil
+	}
+
 	var warnings []IncludeWarning
 	var extWarnings []ExtendWarning
 
@@ -68,14 +90,15 @@ func resolveIncludes(p *model.Pipeline, includes []any, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig
 		}
 
 		if project, _ := entry["project"].(string); project != "" {
-			w, ew := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, project, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+			w, ew := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, project, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth)
 			warnings = append(warnings, w...)
 			extWarnings = append(extWarnings, ew...)
 			continue
 		}
 
 		if compRef, _ := entry["component"].(string); compRef != "" {
-			w, ew, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, compRef, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+			inputs := extractInputs(entry)
+			w, ew, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, compRef, inputs, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth)
 			if hadErr {
 				warnings = append(warnings, w)
 			}
@@ -84,14 +107,14 @@ func resolveIncludes(p *model.Pipeline, includes []any, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig
 		}
 
 		if local, _ := entry["local"].(string); local != "" {
-			w, ew := resolveLocalInclude(p, local, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+			w, ew := resolveLocalInclude(p, local, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth)
 			warnings = append(warnings, w...)
 			extWarnings = append(extWarnings, ew...)
 			continue
 		}
 
 		if remote, _ := entry["remote"].(string); remote != "" {
-			w, ew := resolveRemoteInclude(p, remote, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+			w, ew := resolveRemoteInclude(p, remote, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth)
 			warnings = append(warnings, w...)
 			extWarnings = append(extWarnings, ew...)
 			continue
@@ -105,11 +128,17 @@ func resolveIncludes(p *model.Pipeline, includes []any, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig
 // resolveLocalInclude reads a local file from disk (paths are always relative
 // to the repository root, with or without a leading slash), recursively
 // resolves its own includes, and merges it into p.
-func resolveLocalInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawPath string, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
+func resolveLocalInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawPath string, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool, depth int) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
 	relPath := strings.TrimPrefix(rawPath, "/")
 	absPath := filepath.Join(rootDir, relPath)
 	label := "local " + rawPath
 
+	// Guard against path traversal: reject any path that escapes rootDir.
+	rel, err := filepath.Rel(rootDir, absPath)
+	if err != nil || strings.HasPrefix(rel, "..") {
+		return []IncludeWarning{{Label: label, Err: fmt.Errorf("path escapes repository root: %s", rawPath)}}, nil
+	}
+
 	if visited[absPath] {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
@@ -131,7 +160,7 @@ func resolveLocalInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawPath string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 	var warnings []IncludeWarning
 	var extWarnings []ExtendWarning
 	if len(included.Include) > 0 {
-		w, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+		w, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth+1)
 		warnings = append(warnings, w...)
 		extWarnings = append(extWarnings, ew...)
 	}
@@ -142,7 +171,7 @@ func resolveLocalInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawPath string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 
 // resolveRemoteInclude fetches a plain HTTPS URL, parses it as CI YAML, and
 // merges it into p. Sub-includes of the fetched file are resolved recursively.
-func resolveRemoteInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawURL string, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
+func resolveRemoteInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawURL string, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool, depth int) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
 	label := "remote " + rawURL
 
 	if visited[rawURL] {
@@ -150,7 +179,7 @@ func resolveRemoteInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawURL string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 	}
 	visited[rawURL] = true
 
-	data, err := fetcher.FetchURL(rawURL)
+	data, err := cfg.FetchURL(rawURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return []IncludeWarning{{Label: label, Err: err}}, nil
 	}
@@ -164,7 +193,7 @@ func resolveRemoteInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawURL string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 	var warnings []IncludeWarning
 	var extWarnings []ExtendWarning
 	if len(included.Include) > 0 {
-		w, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+		w, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth+1)
 		warnings = append(warnings, w...)
 		extWarnings = append(extWarnings, ew...)
 	}
@@ -175,7 +204,7 @@ func resolveRemoteInclude(p *model.Pipeline, rawURL string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 
 // resolveProjectInclude fetches all files listed under a single project: entry
 // and merges them into p.
-func resolveProjectInclude(p *model.Pipeline, entry map[string]any, project string, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
+func resolveProjectInclude(p *model.Pipeline, entry map[string]any, project string, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool, depth int) ([]IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning) {
 	ref, _ := entry["ref"].(string)
 	var warnings []IncludeWarning
 	var extWarnings []ExtendWarning
@@ -186,6 +215,12 @@ func resolveProjectInclude(p *model.Pipeline, entry map[string]any, project stri
 			label += "@" + ref
 		}
 
+		visitKey := fmt.Sprintf("project:%s:%s@%s", project, filePath, ref)
+		if visited[visitKey] {
+			continue
+		}
+		visited[visitKey] = true
+
 		if !cfg.HasToken() {
 			warnings = append(warnings, IncludeWarning{Label: label, Skipped: true})
 			continue
@@ -205,7 +240,7 @@ func resolveProjectInclude(p *model.Pipeline, entry map[string]any, project stri
 		included.SetJobOrigin(label)
 
 		if len(included.Include) > 0 {
-			w, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+			w, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth+1)
 			warnings = append(warnings, w...)
 			extWarnings = append(extWarnings, ew...)
 		}
@@ -215,9 +250,11 @@ func resolveProjectInclude(p *model.Pipeline, entry map[string]any, project stri
 	return warnings, extWarnings
 }
 
-// resolveComponentInclude fetches a CI/CD catalog component and merges it into p.
+// resolveComponentInclude fetches a CI/CD catalog component, substitutes any
+// $[[ inputs.KEY ]] placeholders with values from `inputs` (the include's
+// with: block), and merges the result into p.
 // Returns (warning, extWarnings, true) if something went wrong; (zero, nil, false) on success.
-func resolveComponentInclude(p *model.Pipeline, ref string, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool) (IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning, bool) {
+func resolveComponentInclude(p *model.Pipeline, ref string, inputs map[string]any, cfg fetcher.GitLabConfig, rootDir string, visited map[string]bool, depth int) (IncludeWarning, []ExtendWarning, bool) {
 	label := "component " + ref
 
 	if strings.ContainsRune(ref, '$') {
@@ -227,6 +264,12 @@ func resolveComponentInclude(p *model.Pipeline, ref string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 		}, nil, true
 	}
 
+	visitKey := "component:" + ref
+	if visited[visitKey] {
+		return IncludeWarning{}, nil, false
+	}
+	visited[visitKey] = true
+
 	host, project, component, version, err := parseComponentRef(ref)
 	if err != nil {
 		return IncludeWarning{Label: label, Err: err}, nil, true
@@ -238,6 +281,9 @@ func resolveComponentInclude(p *model.Pipeline, ref string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 		return IncludeWarning{Label: label, Err: err}, nil, true
 	}
 
+	// Substitute $[[ inputs.KEY ]] placeholders with the values from with:.
+	data = substituteInputs(data, inputs)
+
 	included, err := model.ParseBytes(data)
 	if err != nil {
 		return IncludeWarning{Label: label, Err: fmt.Errorf("parsing component YAML: %w", err)}, nil, true
@@ -246,7 +292,7 @@ func resolveComponentInclude(p *model.Pipeline, ref string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 
 	var extWarnings []ExtendWarning
 	if len(included.Include) > 0 {
-		_, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited)
+		_, ew := resolveIncludes(included, included.Include, cfg, rootDir, visited, depth+1)
 		extWarnings = append(extWarnings, ew...)
 	}
 
@@ -254,6 +300,42 @@ func resolveComponentInclude(p *model.Pipeline, ref string, cfg fetcher.GitLabCo
 	return IncludeWarning{}, extWarnings, false
 }
 
+// substituteInputs replaces all $[[ inputs.KEY ]] and
+// $[[ inputs.KEY | default('…') ]] placeholders in data with the corresponding
+// values from inputs (the with: block of the component include entry).
+// Missing keys with no default become empty strings.
+// Missing keys with a default use the default value (single/double quotes stripped).
+func substituteInputs(data []byte, inputs map[string]any) []byte {
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		return data
+	}
+	return inputPlaceholderRe.ReplaceAllFunc(data, func(match []byte) []byte {
+		groups := inputPlaceholderRe.FindSubmatch(match)
+		if val, ok := inputs[string(groups[1])]; ok {
+			return []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%v", val))
+		}
+		// Use the default value when the key is absent from inputs.
+		if len(groups) >= 3 && len(groups[2]) > 0 {
+			def := strings.TrimSpace(string(groups[2]))
+			if (strings.HasPrefix(def, "'") && strings.HasSuffix(def, "'")) ||
+				(strings.HasPrefix(def, `"`) && strings.HasSuffix(def, `"`)) {
+				def = def[1 : len(def)-1]
+			}
+			return []byte(def)
+		}
+		return []byte("")
+	})
+}
+
+// extractInputs returns the with: map from a component include entry, or nil.
+func extractInputs(entry map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	with, ok := entry["with"].(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return with
+}
+
 // parseComponentRef parses a CI/CD component reference of the form:
 //
 //	<host>/<project-path>/<component-name>@<version>
@@ -326,8 +408,9 @@ func includeFiles(entry map[string]any) []string {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// mergeIncluded copies jobs and stages from src into dst.
-// dst (the main pipeline) always wins when a key already exists.
+// mergeIncluded copies jobs, stages, and variables from src into dst.
+// dst (the main pipeline) always wins when a key already exists — this matches
+// GitLab's precedence rule where root-pipeline values override included templates.
 func mergeIncluded(dst, src *model.Pipeline) {
 	stageSet := make(map[string]bool, len(dst.Stages))
 	for _, s := range dst.Stages {
@@ -348,4 +431,16 @@ func mergeIncluded(dst, src *model.Pipeline) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	// Merge pipeline-level variables: dst wins on conflict (root overrides includes).
+	if len(src.Variables) > 0 {
+		if dst.Variables == nil {
+			dst.Variables = make(map[string]any, len(src.Variables))
+		}
+		for k, v := range src.Variables {
+			if _, exists := dst.Variables[k]; !exists {
+				dst.Variables[k] = v
+			}
+		}
+	}
 }

internal/resolver/includes_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,874 @@
+package resolver
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/fetcher"
+	"git.k3nny.fr/glint/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestSubstituteInputs(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name   string
+		data   string
+		inputs map[string]any
+		want   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:   "simple substitution",
+			data:   `stage: $[[ inputs.STAGE ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{"STAGE": "deploy"},
+			want:   `stage: deploy`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "default string used when key absent",
+			data:   `image: $[[ inputs.IMAGE | default('ubuntu:22.04') ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{},
+			want:   `image: ubuntu:22.04`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "input overrides default",
+			data:   `image: $[[ inputs.IMAGE | default('ubuntu:22.04') ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{"IMAGE": "alpine:3.18"},
+			want:   `image: alpine:3.18`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "integer input",
+			data:   `variables:\n  RETRIES: $[[ inputs.RETRY_COUNT ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{"RETRY_COUNT": 3},
+			want:   `variables:\n  RETRIES: 3`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "boolean default",
+			data:   `variables:\n  ENABLED: $[[ inputs.ENABLE | default(true) ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{},
+			want:   `variables:\n  ENABLED: true`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "numeric default",
+			data:   `variables:\n  COUNT: $[[ inputs.COUNT | default(5) ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{},
+			want:   `variables:\n  COUNT: 5`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "missing key no default becomes empty",
+			data:   `script: $[[ inputs.CMD ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{},
+			want:   `script: `,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "no placeholders unchanged",
+			data:   `stage: build`,
+			inputs: nil,
+			want:   `stage: build`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "multiple placeholders in one document",
+			data:   "stage: $[[ inputs.STAGE ]]\nimage: $[[ inputs.IMAGE | default('alpine') ]]",
+			inputs: map[string]any{"STAGE": "test"},
+			want:   "stage: test\nimage: alpine",
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "double-quoted default",
+			data:   `image: $[[ inputs.IMAGE | default("debian:12") ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{},
+			want:   `image: debian:12`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "whitespace inside brackets",
+			data:   `stage: $[[ inputs.STAGE  ]]`,
+			inputs: map[string]any{"STAGE": "build"},
+			want:   `stage: build`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := string(substituteInputs([]byte(tc.data), tc.inputs))
+			if got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("substituteInputs:\n got  %q\n want %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ── IncludeWarning.String ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestIncludeWarning_String(t *testing.T) {
+	skipped := IncludeWarning{Label: "myinclude", Skipped: true}
+	s := skipped.String()
+	if s == "" {
+		t.Error("skipped: expected non-empty string")
+	}
+
+	withErr := IncludeWarning{Label: "remote foo", Err: fmt.Errorf("connection refused")}
+	s2 := withErr.String()
+	if s2 == "" {
+		t.Error("withErr: expected non-empty string")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── normaliseInclude ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestNormaliseInclude(t *testing.T) {
+	m, ok := normaliseInclude(map[string]any{"local": "ci.yml"})
+	if !ok || m["local"] != "ci.yml" {
+		t.Error("map form")
+	}
+	m2, ok2 := normaliseInclude("ci.yml")
+	if !ok2 || m2["local"] != "ci.yml" {
+		t.Error("string form")
+	}
+	_, ok3 := normaliseInclude(42)
+	if ok3 {
+		t.Error("int should not normalise")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── includeFiles ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestIncludeFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := includeFiles(map[string]any{"file": "a.yml"}); len(got) != 1 {
+		t.Error("string file")
+	}
+	if got := includeFiles(map[string]any{"file": []any{"a.yml", "b.yml"}}); len(got) != 2 {
+		t.Error("slice file")
+	}
+	if got := includeFiles(map[string]any{"file": []any{"a.yml", 42}}); len(got) != 1 {
+		t.Error("mixed slice, int dropped")
+	}
+	if got := includeFiles(map[string]any{}); got != nil {
+		t.Error("no file key")
+	}
+	if got := includeFiles(map[string]any{"file": 99}); got != nil {
+		t.Error("unknown type returns nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── extractInputs ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestExtractInputs(t *testing.T) {
+	m := map[string]any{
+		"component": "host/p/c@v1",
+		"with":      map[string]any{"KEY": "val"},
+	}
+	got := extractInputs(m)
+	if got == nil || got["KEY"] != "val" {
+		t.Error("expected KEY=val")
+	}
+	got2 := extractInputs(map[string]any{"component": "x"})
+	if got2 != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil without with: key")
+	}
+	got3 := extractInputs(map[string]any{"with": "not-a-map"})
+	if got3 != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil for non-map with:")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── parseComponentRef ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestParseComponentRef_Resolver(t *testing.T) {
+	host, proj, comp, ver, err := parseComponentRef("gitlab.com/group/proj/comp@v1.0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if host != "gitlab.com" {
+		t.Errorf("host: %q", host)
+	}
+	if proj != "group/proj" {
+		t.Errorf("proj: %q", proj)
+	}
+	if comp != "comp" {
+		t.Errorf("comp: %q", comp)
+	}
+	if ver != "v1.0" {
+		t.Errorf("ver: %q", ver)
+	}
+
+	_, _, _, _, err2 := parseComponentRef("no-at")
+	if err2 == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error for no @")
+	}
+	_, _, _, _, err3 := parseComponentRef("a@")
+	if err3 == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error for empty version")
+	}
+	_, _, _, _, err4 := parseComponentRef("host/comp@v1")
+	if err4 == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error for too few parts")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── mergeIncluded ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestMergeIncluded(t *testing.T) {
+	dst := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages:  []string{"build"},
+		Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{"existing": {Name: "existing"}},
+		RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{},
+	}
+	src := &model.Pipeline{
+		Stages:    []string{"build", "test"},
+		Jobs:      map[string]model.Job{"new-job": {Name: "new-job"}, "existing": {Name: "existing-from-src"}},
+		RawJobs:   map[string]map[string]any{"new-job": {"script": "echo"}},
+		Variables: map[string]any{"KEY": "val"},
+	}
+	mergeIncluded(dst, src)
+
+	if len(dst.Stages) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("stages: got %d want 2", len(dst.Stages))
+	}
+	if _, ok := dst.Jobs["new-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("expected new-job in dst")
+	}
+	if dst.Jobs["existing"].Name != "existing" {
+		t.Error("dst wins on conflict")
+	}
+	if dst.Variables["KEY"] != "val" {
+		t.Error("variable merged")
+	}
+
+	// Merge again with conflicting variable: dst wins
+	src2 := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs:      map[string]model.Job{},
+		Variables: map[string]any{"KEY": "other"},
+	}
+	mergeIncluded(dst, src2)
+	if dst.Variables["KEY"] != "val" {
+		t.Error("dst var wins on conflict")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMergeIncluded_NilVariables(t *testing.T) {
+	dst := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}}
+	src := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs:      map[string]model.Job{},
+		Variables: map[string]any{"A": "1"},
+	}
+	mergeIncluded(dst, src)
+	if dst.Variables["A"] != "1" {
+		t.Error("expected A in dst after nil init")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveLocalInclude ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveLocalInclude_ValidFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	childPath := filepath.Join(dir, "child.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(childPath, []byte("child-job:\n  script: echo ok\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	visited := map[string]bool{}
+	warnings, _ := resolveLocalInclude(p, "/child.yml", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir, visited, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["child-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("child-job should be merged")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveLocalInclude_MissingFile(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveLocalInclude(p, "/nonexistent.yml", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected warning for missing file")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveLocalInclude_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	badPath := filepath.Join(dir, "bad.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(badPath, []byte(":\tbad yaml\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveLocalInclude(p, "/bad.yml", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir, map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected warning for invalid YAML")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveLocalInclude_AlreadyVisited(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	childPath := filepath.Join(dir, "child.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(childPath, []byte("job:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	visited := map[string]bool{childPath: true}
+	warnings, _ := resolveLocalInclude(p, "/child.yml", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir, visited, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Error("no warnings expected for already-visited")
+	}
+	if len(p.Jobs) != 0 {
+		t.Error("no jobs should be merged for already-visited")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveLocalInclude_WithNestedIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	grandchild := filepath.Join(dir, "grandchild.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(grandchild, []byte("gc-job:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	child := filepath.Join(dir, "child.yml")
+	childContent := "include:\n  - local: /grandchild.yml\nchild-job:\n  script: echo\n"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(child, []byte(childContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	_, _ = resolveLocalInclude(p, "/child.yml", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir, map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["gc-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("grandchild job should be merged")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveLocalInclude_PathTraversal(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	// A path that escapes the repository root via "../.." must produce a warning,
+	// not silently read an arbitrary file.
+	warnings, _ := resolveLocalInclude(p, "../../etc/passwd", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir, map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected warning for path traversal, got none")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(warnings[0].Err.Error(), "path escapes") {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected warning: %v", warnings[0])
+	}
+	if len(p.Jobs) != 0 {
+		t.Error("no jobs should be merged when path escapes root")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveLocalInclude_PathTraversalWithLeadingSlash(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveLocalInclude(p, "/../../etc/shadow", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir, map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected warning for path traversal via leading slash, got none")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveRemoteInclude ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveRemoteInclude_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "remote-job:\n  script: echo remote")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.AutoConfig()
+	warnings, _ := resolveRemoteInclude(p, srv.URL+"/ci.yml", cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["remote-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("remote-job should be merged")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveRemoteInclude_Error(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveRemoteInclude(p, "http://localhost:0/unreachable.yml", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected warning for unreachable URL")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveRemoteInclude_AlreadyVisited(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	visited := map[string]bool{"http://example.com/ci.yml": true}
+	warnings, _ := resolveRemoteInclude(p, "http://example.com/ci.yml", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", visited, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Error("no warning expected for already-visited URL")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveRemoteInclude_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, ":\tbad\tyaml")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveRemoteInclude(p, srv.URL+"/bad.yml", fetcher.AutoConfig(), "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected warning for invalid YAML from remote")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveProjectInclude ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveProjectInclude_NoToken(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	entry := map[string]any{"project": "g/p", "file": "ci.yml"}
+	warnings, _ := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, "g/p", fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected skipped warning when no token")
+	}
+	if !warnings[0].Skipped {
+		t.Error("expected Skipped=true when no token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveProjectInclude_AlreadyVisited(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	visited := map[string]bool{"project:g/p:ci.yml@": true}
+	entry := map[string]any{"project": "g/p", "file": "ci.yml"}
+	warnings, _ := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, "g/p", fetcher.GitLabConfig{Token: "tok"}, "/tmp", visited, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Error("already-visited should produce no warning")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveProjectInclude_WithToken_FetchError(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(404)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"}
+	entry := map[string]any{"project": "g/p", "file": "ci.yml", "ref": "main"}
+	warnings, _ := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, "g/p", cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected warning for 404 fetch")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveProjectInclude_NoFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	entry := map[string]any{"project": "g/p"} // no file key
+	warnings, _ := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, "g/p", fetcher.GitLabConfig{Token: "tok"}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Error("no warnings expected when no files")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveComponentInclude ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveComponentInclude_DollarRef(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warn, _, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, "${CI_SERVER}/g/p/comp@v1", nil, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if !hadErr {
+		t.Error("expected hadErr for $ ref")
+	}
+	if warn.Label == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty label")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveComponentInclude_BadRef(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	_, _, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, "no-at-sign", nil, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if !hadErr {
+		t.Error("expected hadErr for bad ref")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveComponentInclude_AlreadyVisited(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	visited := map[string]bool{"component:host/g/p/comp@v1": true}
+	_, _, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, "host/g/p/comp@v1", nil, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", visited, 0)
+	if hadErr {
+		t.Error("already-visited should not return hadErr")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveComponentInclude_FetchError(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(404)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"}
+	_, _, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, "localhost/g/p/comp@v1", nil, cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if !hadErr {
+		t.Error("expected hadErr for 404 component fetch")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveIncludes — depth guard ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_DepthExceeded(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveIncludes(p, nil, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, maxIncludeDepth+1)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected depth-exceeded warning")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── ResolveIncludes (public entry) ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_LocalFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	childPath := filepath.Join(dir, "child.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(childPath, []byte("include-job:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{},
+		RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{},
+		Include: []any{map[string]any{"local": "/child.yml"}},
+	}
+	warnings, _ := ResolveIncludes(p, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["include-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("include-job should be merged into pipeline")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_TemplateSkipped(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{},
+		RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{},
+		Include: []any{map[string]any{"template": "Auto-DevOps.gitlab-ci.yml"}},
+	}
+	warnings, _ := ResolveIncludes(p, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp")
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("template should be silently skipped, got: %v", warnings)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_StringLocalInclude(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	childPath := filepath.Join(dir, "ci.yml")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(childPath, []byte("str-job:\n  script: echo\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{},
+		RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{},
+		Include: []any{"ci.yml"},
+	}
+	warnings, _ := ResolveIncludes(p, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, dir)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_InvalidEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &model.Pipeline{
+		Jobs:    map[string]model.Job{},
+		RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{},
+		Include: []any{42},
+	}
+	warnings, _ := ResolveIncludes(p, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp")
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected warnings for invalid entry: %v", warnings)
+	}
+}
+
+// ── fetchComponentFile ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestFetchComponentFile_FallbackPath(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := 0
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		calls++
+		w.WriteHeader(404)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"}
+	_, err := fetchComponentFile(cfg, "g/p", "mycomp", "v1")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error when both paths fail")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchComponentFile_PrimarySuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "comp-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	data, err := fetchComponentFile(cfg, "g/p", "mycomp", "v1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("primary success: unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		t.Error("primary success: expected non-empty data")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchComponentFile_FallbackSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := 0
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		calls++
+		if calls == 1 {
+			// First call (primary path) fails.
+			w.WriteHeader(404)
+			return
+		}
+		// Second call (fallback path) succeeds.
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "comp-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	data, err := fetchComponentFile(cfg, "g/p", "mycomp", "v1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("fallback success: unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		t.Error("fallback success: expected non-empty data")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveProjectInclude — success path ──────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveProjectInclude_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "proj-job:\n  script: echo from project")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"}
+	entry := map[string]any{"project": "g/p", "file": "ci.yml", "ref": "main"}
+	warnings, _ := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, "g/p", cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("success: unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["proj-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("proj-job should be merged into pipeline")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveProjectInclude_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, ":\tbad\tyaml")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"}
+	entry := map[string]any{"project": "g/p", "file": "ci.yml"}
+	warnings, _ := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, "g/p", cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("invalid YAML: expected warning")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResolveProjectInclude_WithSubIncludes covers includes.go:236-240 —
+// the fetched project YAML itself contains include: entries.
+func TestResolveProjectInclude_WithSubIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	// Write a local file that the project YAML sub-includes.
+	localContent := "local-from-project:\n  script: echo local\n"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "local.yml"), []byte(localContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		// Return YAML that itself has a local sub-include.
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "include:\n  - local: /local.yml\nproj-sub-job:\n  script: echo proj")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"}
+	entry := map[string]any{"project": "g/p", "file": "ci.yml", "ref": "main"}
+	warnings, _ := resolveProjectInclude(p, entry, "g/p", cfg, dir, map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("sub-includes: unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["proj-sub-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("proj-sub-job should be merged via project include")
+	}
+}
+
+// tlsComp sets up a TLS test server and swaps http.DefaultTransport so the test
+// client trusts the self-signed cert. Returns the host (without scheme).
+func tlsComp(t *testing.T, h http.HandlerFunc) (host string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	srv := httptest.NewTLSServer(h)
+	t.Cleanup(srv.Close)
+	orig := http.DefaultTransport
+	http.DefaultTransport = srv.Client().Transport
+	t.Cleanup(func() { http.DefaultTransport = orig })
+	return srv.URL[len("https://"):]
+}
+
+// ── resolveComponentInclude — success path ────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveComponentInclude_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	host := tlsComp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "comp-job:\n  script: echo from component")
+	})
+	ref := host + "/g/p/mycomp@v1"
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{}
+	_, _, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, ref, nil, cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if hadErr {
+		t.Error("success: unexpected hadErr")
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["comp-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("comp-job should be merged into pipeline")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveComponentInclude_InvalidYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	host := tlsComp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, ":\tbad\tyaml")
+	})
+	ref := host + "/g/p/mycomp@v1"
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{}
+	_, _, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, ref, nil, cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if !hadErr {
+		t.Error("invalid YAML: expected hadErr")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResolveComponentInclude_WithSubIncludes covers includes.go:288-291 —
+// the fetched component YAML itself contains include: entries.
+func TestResolveComponentInclude_WithSubIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	localContent := "comp-local-job:\n  script: echo comp-local\n"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "sub.yml"), []byte(localContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	host := tlsComp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		// Component YAML contains a local sub-include.
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "include:\n  - local: /sub.yml\ncomp-job:\n  script: echo comp")
+	})
+	ref := host + "/g/p/mycomp@v1"
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{}
+	_, extW, hadErr := resolveComponentInclude(p, ref, nil, cfg, dir, map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if hadErr {
+		t.Errorf("sub-includes: unexpected hadErr; extWarnings=%v", extW)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["comp-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("comp-job should be merged via component include")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveRemoteInclude — sub-includes ───────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveRemoteInclude_WithSubIncludes(t *testing.T) {
+	// The remote file itself includes a local file. The local file resolution
+	// exercises the sub-include path in resolveRemoteInclude (line 189-193).
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	localContent := "local-child-job:\n  script: echo child\n"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "child.yml"), []byte(localContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		// The remote YAML includes a local file.
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "include:\n  - local: /child.yml\nremote-job:\n  script: echo remote")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveRemoteInclude(p, srv.URL+"/ci.yml", fetcher.AutoConfig(), dir, map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("sub-includes: unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["remote-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("remote-job should be merged")
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["local-child-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("local-child-job should be merged via sub-include")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── resolveIncludes — routing branches ───────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_RemoteEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "remote-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	includes := []any{map[string]any{"remote": srv.URL + "/ci.yml"}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveIncludes(p, includes, fetcher.AutoConfig(), "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("remote entry: unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if _, ok := p.Jobs["remote-job"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("remote-job should be merged via resolveIncludes remote routing")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_ProjectEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "proj-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL, Token: "tok"}
+	includes := []any{map[string]any{"project": "g/p", "file": "ci.yml"}}
+	_, _ = resolveIncludes(p, includes, cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	// proj-job should be merged (or warning if fetch fails, but with token it should succeed)
+}
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_ComponentEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(200)
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "comp-job:\n  script: echo")
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	host := srv.URL[len("http://"):]
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	cfg := fetcher.GitLabConfig{BaseURL: srv.URL}
+	includes := []any{map[string]any{"component": host + "/g/p/mycomp@v1"}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveIncludes(p, includes, cfg, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	_ = warnings // component path is exercised regardless of outcome
+}
+
+func TestResolveIncludes_ComponentEntry_HadErr(t *testing.T) {
+	// Component with a dollar sign in ref → hadErr=true → warning is appended.
+	p := &model.Pipeline{Jobs: map[string]model.Job{}, RawJobs: map[string]map[string]any{}}
+	includes := []any{map[string]any{"component": "${CI_SERVER}/g/p/comp@v1"}}
+	warnings, _ := resolveIncludes(p, includes, fetcher.GitLabConfig{}, "/tmp", map[string]bool{}, 0)
+	if len(warnings) == 0 {
+		t.Error("$ in component ref: expected warning")
+	}
+}
+
+// ── substituteInputs — empty data ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func TestSubstituteInputs_EmptyData(t *testing.T) {
+	result := substituteInputs([]byte{}, map[string]any{"KEY": "val"})
+	if len(result) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("empty data: expected empty result, got %q", result)
+	}
+}

templates/check.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# glint — GitLab CI/CD Catalog component
+#
+# Validates a pipeline file with glint before the rest of the pipeline runs.
+#
+# Usage (after publishing to a GitLab instance as a Catalog component):
+#
+#   include:
+#     - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/k3nny/glint/check@v0.2.28
+#       inputs:
+#         stage: validate   # optional — see inputs below
+#
+# Or as a plain remote include (no Catalog required):
+#
+#   include:
+#     - remote: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/.../templates/check.yml
+#
+# Or copy this file into your repository and use a local include.
+
+spec:
+  inputs:
+    stage:
+      description: "Stage in which to run the glint validation job."
+      default: validate
+    pipeline_file:
+      description: "Path to the pipeline file to validate."
+      default: .gitlab-ci.yml
+    version:
+      description: >-
+        glint release tag to download (e.g. 'v0.2.28'). Use 'latest' to
+        always pull the newest release — not recommended for production
+        pipelines since it may break on a new release.
+      default: latest
+    allow_failure:
+      description: "Set to true to let the job fail without blocking the pipeline."
+      default: false
+    extra_args:
+      description: "Additional arguments passed to 'glint check' (e.g. '--format sarif')."
+      default: ""
+
+---
+glint:check:
+  stage: $[[ inputs.stage ]]
+  image: alpine:3.19
+  variables:
+    GLINT_VERSION: "$[[ inputs.version ]]"
+    GLINT_FILE: "$[[ inputs.pipeline_file ]]"
+    GLINT_ARGS: "$[[ inputs.extra_args ]]"
+  before_script:
+    - apk add --no-cache curl
+    - |
+      if [ "$GLINT_VERSION" = "latest" ]; then
+        GLINT_VERSION=$(curl -sf \
+          "https://git.k3nny.fr/api/v1/repos/k3nny/glint/releases?limit=1" \
+          | grep '"tag_name"' | head -1 | cut -d'"' -f4)
+      fi
+      URL="https://git.k3nny.fr/k3nny/glint/releases/download/${GLINT_VERSION}/glint-${GLINT_VERSION}-linux-amd64"
+      curl -sfL "$URL" -o /usr/local/bin/glint
+      chmod +x /usr/local/bin/glint
+      glint --version
+  script:
+    - glint check $GLINT_ARGS "$GLINT_FILE"
+  allow_failure: $[[ inputs.allow_failure ]]

testdata/config_ignored/.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+stages:
+  - build
+
+# GL007 (only/except deprecated) would normally fire here, but the .glint.yml
+# in this directory ignores GL007.
+deprecated-job:
+  stage: build
+  only:
+    - main
+  script: echo ok

testdata/config_ignored/.glint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ignore:
+  - GL007

testdata/config_severity/.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+stages:
+  - build
+
+# GL004 (undefined stage) is demoted to warning by .glint.yml, so the exit
+# code must be 0 even though there is a finding.
+bad-stage-job:
+  stage: nonexistent
+  script: echo hi

testdata/config_severity/.glint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+severity:
+  GL004: warning

testdata/config_suppress/.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+stages:
+  - build
+
+# glint: ignore GL007
+suppressed-job:
+  stage: build
+  only:
+    - main
+  script: echo ok
+
+still-flagged-job:
+  stage: build
+  only:
+    - main
+  script: echo ok

testdata/dead_rules.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+# dead_rules.yml
+# Exercises GL033: rules: block where every rule has when: never.
+# All flagged jobs produce a WARNING (exit 0). Valid jobs must not be flagged.
+
+stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+  - deploy
+
+# ── Jobs that should trigger GL033 ─────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Single bare catch-all never — job is always excluded.
+disabled-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo disabled
+  rules:
+    - when: never
+
+# Multiple rules, all when: never — no branch can activate this job.
+dead-multi:
+  stage: test
+  script: echo dead
+  rules:
+    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"'
+      when: never
+    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop"'
+      when: never
+    - when: never
+
+# ── Jobs that must NOT trigger GL033 ───────────────────────────────────────
+
+# First rule can activate.
+main-only:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo main
+  rules:
+    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"'
+      when: on_success
+    - when: never
+
+# Rule with no when: — defaults to on_success, so job is reachable.
+implicit-on-success:
+  stage: test
+  script: echo implicit
+  rules:
+    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop"'
+
+# Manual is not never — job is reachable (just gated).
+manual-gate:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: echo deploy
+  rules:
+    - when: manual
+
+# No rules at all — always active.
+always-active:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo always

testdata/inherit_dead.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+
+# No default: block — any inherit: default: declaration is a no-op.
+
+# GL043: inherit: default: false but no default: block.
+isolated-job:
+  stage: build
+  inherit:
+    default: false
+  script: echo isolated
+
+# GL043: inherit: default: [list] but no default: block.
+selective-inherit-job:
+  stage: test
+  inherit:
+    default: [image, tags]
+  script: echo selective
+
+# Not GL043: inherit only touches variables: (no default: check needed).
+vars-inherit-job:
+  stage: test
+  inherit:
+    variables: false
+  script: echo vars-only

testdata/inherit_dead_fields.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+
+default:
+  image: node:20
+
+# GL043: before_script is in the list but not defined in default:.
+selective-bad:
+  stage: build
+  inherit:
+    default: [image, before_script]   # before_script not in default:
+  script: echo hi
+
+# Not GL043: image IS defined in default: — list is valid.
+selective-good:
+  stage: test
+  inherit:
+    default: [image]
+  script: echo hi

testdata/insecure_remote_include.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+stages: [build]
+
+include:
+  - remote: http://ci-templates.example.invalid/template.yml
+
+build-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: echo hello

testdata/keywords_valid.yml

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ workflow:
       when: always
     - when: never
 
+default:
+  tags:
+    - docker
+
 variables:
   GO_VERSION: "1.26"
 

testdata/new_rules_invalid.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+  - test
+
+variables:
+  DEPLOY_ENV: staging
+
+# GL040: duplicate stage "test" above triggers a warning
+
+# GL034: services map form missing name
+service-no-name:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo ok]
+  services:
+    - alias: my-svc
+
+# GL034: services map form with invalid alias (contains spaces)
+service-bad-alias:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo ok]
+  services:
+    - name: redis:latest
+      alias: "my bad alias"
+
+# GL035: rules:changes with absolute path
+absolute-changes:
+  stage: test
+  script: [echo test]
+  rules:
+    - changes:
+        - /src/main.go
+
+# GL035: rules:exists with absolute path
+absolute-exists:
+  stage: test
+  script: [echo test]
+  rules:
+    - exists:
+        - /Dockerfile
+
+# GL036: invalid timeout format
+bad-timeout:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo build]
+  timeout: forever
+
+# GL037: id_tokens entry missing aud
+bad-token:
+  stage: test
+  script: [echo test]
+  id_tokens:
+    MY_TOKEN:
+      expire: 3600
+
+# GL038: secrets entry missing provider
+bad-secret:
+  stage: test
+  script: [echo test]
+  secrets:
+    DB_PASSWORD:
+      expire: 3600
+
+# GL039: pages keyword but publish dir not in artifacts.paths
+bad-pages:
+  stage: build
+  script: [mkdocs build]
+  pages:
+    publish: dist
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - public
+
+# GL041: cache.key.files contains a glob
+bad-cache-glob:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo build]
+  cache:
+    key:
+      files:
+        - "*.sum"

testdata/new_rules_valid.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+stages:
+  - build
+  - test
+  - deploy
+
+variables:
+  DEPLOY_ENV: staging
+
+# GL034: services — string form and map form with name are both valid
+service-string:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo ok]
+  services:
+    - redis:latest
+    - postgres:14
+
+service-map:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo ok]
+  services:
+    - name: postgres:14
+      alias: db
+    - name: redis:latest
+      alias: cache-svc
+
+# GL035: rules:changes/exists — relative paths are valid
+rules-relative:
+  stage: test
+  script: [echo test]
+  rules:
+    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"'
+      changes:
+        - src/**/*.go
+        - tests/*.go
+    - exists:
+        - Dockerfile
+        - docker-compose.yml
+      when: on_success
+
+# GL036: timeout — valid duration strings
+timeout-short:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo build]
+  timeout: 30m
+
+timeout-long:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo build]
+  timeout: 1h 30m
+
+timeout-words:
+  stage: test
+  script: [echo test]
+  timeout: 90 minutes
+
+timeout-combined:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: [echo deploy]
+  timeout: 2 hours 30 minutes
+
+# GL037: id_tokens — entry with valid aud
+token-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo build]
+  id_tokens:
+    VAULT_TOKEN:
+      aud: https://vault.example.com
+    SIGSTORE_TOKEN:
+      aud: sigstore
+
+# GL038: secrets — valid provider keys
+secret-vault:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: [echo deploy]
+  secrets:
+    DB_PASSWORD:
+      vault: production/db/password@ops
+
+secret-gcp:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: [echo deploy]
+  secrets:
+    API_KEY:
+      gcp_secret_manager:
+        name: my-api-key
+        version: latest
+
+# GL039: pages keyword — publish dir present in artifacts.paths
+pages-keyword:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: [mkdocs build]
+  pages:
+    publish: site
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - site
+
+pages-keyword-default:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: [make docs]
+  pages: true
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - public
+
+# GL040: no duplicate stages (unique stages defined above)
+
+# GL041: cache.key.files — list of exact paths
+cache-key-job:
+  stage: build
+  script: [echo build]
+  cache:
+    key:
+      files:
+        - go.sum
+        - go.mod

testdata/rules_if_expr.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+# rules_if_expr.yml
+# Exercises the rules:if: expression evaluator for:
+#   - Multi-line block-scalar expressions (|| on next line)
+#   - ${VAR} curly-brace variable syntax
+#   - Regex flags (/pattern/i case-insensitive)
+#   - Parenthesised compound expressions
+# Expected: exits 0 (lints clean with no context).
+
+stages:
+  - build
+  - deploy
+
+variables:
+  DEPLOY_ENVIRONMENTS:
+    value: "staging"
+    description: "Target deployment environment"
+
+build:
+  stage: build
+  script: make build
+  rules:
+    # Multi-line expression: || on next line
+    - if: |
+        $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main" ||
+        $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop"
+      when: on_success
+    - when: never
+
+deploy-feature:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: make deploy
+  rules:
+    # ${VAR} curly-brace syntax
+    - if: '${CI_COMMIT_BRANCH} != null && ${CI_COMMIT_TAG} == null'
+      when: manual
+    - when: never
+
+release:
+  stage: deploy
+  script: make release
+  rules:
+    # Case-insensitive regex flag
+    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH =~ /^(main|master)$/i'
+      when: on_success
+    # Parenthesised compound with multi-line
+    - if: >-
+        ($CI_COMMIT_TAG != null) &&
+        ($CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "push" || $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "web")
+      when: on_success
+    - when: never